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A control system for an engine of a vehicle includes an adder module that determines a temperature sum based on a sum of a plurality of temperatures determined based on (i) a plurality of operating parameters of the vehicle and (ii) a plurality of predetermined values calibrated for determining an e

A control system for an engine of a vehicle includes an adder module that determines a temperature sum based on a sum of a plurality of temperatures determined based on (i) a plurality of operating parameters of the vehicle and (ii) a plurality of predetermined values calibrated for determining an estimated temperature at a location within an exhaust system of the vehicle. A temperature difference module determines a temperature difference based on the temperature sum and a previous value of the temperature difference. An estimating module determines the estimated temperature at the location within the exhaust system based on the temperature difference and a reference temperature. An actuator control module selectively adjusts at least one engine actuator based on the estimated temperature.

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1. A control system for an engine of a vehicle, comprising: an adder module that determines a temperature sum based on a sum of a plurality of temperatures determined based on (i) a plurality of operating parameters of the vehicle and (ii) a plurality of predetermined values calibrated for determini

1. A control system for an engine of a vehicle, comprising: an adder module that determines a temperature sum based on a sum of a plurality of temperatures determined based on (i) a plurality of operating parameters of the vehicle and (ii) a plurality of predetermined values calibrated for determining an estimated temperature at a location within an exhaust system of the vehicle;a temperature difference module that determines a temperature difference based on the temperature sum and a previous value of the temperature difference;an estimating module that determines the estimated temperature at the location within the exhaust system based on the temperature difference and a reference temperature; andan actuator control module that selectively adjusts at least one engine actuator based on the estimated temperature. 2. The control system of claim 1 further comprising: a first change module that determines a first temperature change based on a difference between the temperature sum and the previous value of the temperature difference; anda second change module that determines a second temperature change based on a product of the first temperature change and a gain value,wherein the temperature difference module sets the temperature difference based on a sum of the previous value of the temperature difference and the second temperature change. 3. The control system of claim 2 further comprising a gain module that determines the gain value based on an engine coolant temperature. 4. The control system of claim 1 wherein the estimating module determines the estimated temperature at the location within the exhaust system based on a sum of the temperature difference and the reference temperature. 5. The control system of claim 1 wherein the plurality of operating parameters include at least two of: (i) a vehicle speed; (ii) a radiator fan speed; (iii) an engine speed; (iv) a manifold pressure; (v) an engine coolant temperature; (vi) a difference between the engine coolant temperature and an ambient air temperature; (vii) a spark timing of the engine; (viii) a mass air flowrate into the engine; (ix) a mass fuel flowrate to the engine; (x) a wastegate opening; (xi) a present air/fuel ratio of the engine; (xii) an intake air temperature; and (xiii) the ambient air temperature. 6. The control system of claim 1 wherein the plurality of operating parameters include: (i) a vehicle speed; (ii) a radiator fan speed; (iii) an engine speed; (iv) a manifold pressure; (v) an engine coolant temperature; (vi) a difference between the engine coolant temperature and an ambient air temperature; (vii) a spark timing of the engine; (viii) a mass air flowrate into the engine; (ix) a mass fuel flowrate to the engine; (x) a wastegate opening; (xi) a present air/fuel ratio of the engine; (xii) an intake air temperature; and (xiii) the ambient air temperature. 7. The control system of claim 1 wherein the plurality of operating conditions do not include any temperature measured in the exhaust system using a temperature sensor. 8. The control system of claim 1 wherein the plurality of operating conditions do not include any pressure measured in the exhaust system using a pressure sensor. 9. The control system of claim 1 further comprising: a second adder module that determines a second temperature sum based on a sum of a second plurality of temperatures determined based on (i) the plurality of operating parameters of the vehicle and (ii) a second plurality of predetermined values calibrated for determining a second estimated temperature at a second location within the exhaust system of the vehicle;a second temperature difference module that determines a second temperature difference based on the second temperature sum and a previous value of the second temperature difference; anda second estimating module that determines the second estimated temperature at the second location within the exhaust system of the vehicle based on the second temperature difference and the reference temperature,wherein the actuator control module further selectively adjusts at least one engine actuator based on the second estimated temperature. 10. The control system of claim 1 wherein, based on the estimated temperature, the actuator control module selectively adjusts at least one of opening of a throttle valve, fueling of the engine, spark timing of the engine, cam phasing of the engine, opening of an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve, and opening of a wastegate. 11. A control method for an engine of a vehicle, comprising: determining a temperature sum based on a sum of a plurality of temperatures determined based on (i) a plurality of operating parameters of the vehicle and (ii) a plurality of predetermined values calibrated for determining an estimated temperature at a location within an exhaust system of the vehicle;determining a temperature difference based on the temperature sum and a previous value of the temperature difference;determining the estimated temperature at the location within the exhaust system based on the temperature difference and a reference temperature; andselectively adjusting at least one engine actuator based on the estimated temperature. 12. The control method of claim 11 further comprising: determining a first temperature change based on a difference between the temperature sum and the previous value of the temperature difference; anddetermining a second temperature change based on a product of the first temperature change and a gain value,wherein determining the temperature difference includes setting the temperature difference based on a sum of the previous value of the temperature difference and the second temperature change. 13. The control method of claim 12 further comprising determining the gain value based on an engine coolant temperature. 14. The control method of claim 11 wherein determining the estimated temperature includes determining the estimated temperature at the location within the exhaust system based on a sum of the temperature difference and the reference temperature. 15. The control method of claim 11 wherein the plurality of operating parameters include at least two of: (i) a vehicle speed; (ii) a radiator fan speed; (iii) an engine speed; (iv) a manifold pressure; (v) an engine coolant temperature; (vi) a difference between the engine coolant temperature and an ambient air temperature; (vii) a spark timing of the engine; (viii) a mass air flowrate into the engine; (ix) a mass fuel flowrate to the engine; (x) a wastegate opening; (xi) a present air/fuel ratio of the engine; (xii) an intake air temperature; and (xiii) the ambient air temperature. 16. The control method of claim 11 wherein the plurality of operating parameters include: (i) a vehicle speed; (ii) a radiator fan speed; (iii) an engine speed; (iv) a manifold pressure; (v) an engine coolant temperature; (vi) a difference between the engine coolant temperature and an ambient air temperature; (vii) a spark timing of the engine; (viii) a mass air flowrate into the engine; (ix) a mass fuel flowrate to the engine; (x) a wastegate opening; (xi) a present air/fuel ratio of the engine; (xii) an intake air temperature; and (xiii) the ambient air temperature. 17. The control method of claim 11 wherein the plurality of operating conditions do not include any temperature measured in the exhaust system using a temperature sensor. 18. The control method of claim 11 wherein the plurality of operating conditions do not include any pressure measured in the exhaust system using a pressure sensor. 19. The control method of claim 11 further comprising: determining a second temperature sum based on a sum of a second plurality of temperatures determined based on (i) the plurality of operating parameters of the vehicle and (ii) a second plurality of predetermined values calibrated for determining a second estimated temperature at a second location within the exhaust system of the vehicle;determining a second temperature difference based on the second temperature sum and a previous value of the second temperature difference;determining the second estimated temperature at the second location within the exhaust system of the vehicle based on the second temperature difference and the reference temperature; andselectively adjusting at least one engine actuator based on the second estimated temperature. 20. The control method of claim 11 wherein adjusting at least one engine actuator includes adjusting at least one of opening of a throttle valve, fueling of the engine, spark timing of the engine, cam phasing of the engine, opening of an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve, and opening of a wastegate.