An optogenetic probe, an optogenetic system, and a method for fabricating an optogenetic probe are provided. The optogenetic probe has a proximal and a distal end, and includes an elongated body made of a body glass material and extending longitudinally between the proximal and distal ends. The opto
An optogenetic probe, an optogenetic system, and a method for fabricating an optogenetic probe are provided. The optogenetic probe has a proximal and a distal end, and includes an elongated body made of a body glass material and extending longitudinally between the proximal and distal ends. The optogenetic probe also includes at least one optical channel, each including an optical channel glass material having a refractive index larger than a refractive index of the body glass material, so as to guide light therealong. The optogenetic probes also includes at least one electrical channel, each including an electrical channel structure having an electrical conductivity larger than the electrical conductivity of the body glass material, so as to conduct electricity therealong. The optogenetic probe further includes at least one fluidic channel, each adapted for transporting fluid therealong. Each optical, electrical and fluidic channel extends longitudinally within the elongated body.
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1. An optogenetic probe having a proximal and a distal end, the optogenetic probe comprising: an elongated body made of a body glass material having a refractive index and an electrical conductivity, the elongated body extending longitudinally between the proximal and distal ends of the optogenetic
1. An optogenetic probe having a proximal and a distal end, the optogenetic probe comprising: an elongated body made of a body glass material having a refractive index and an electrical conductivity, the elongated body extending longitudinally between the proximal and distal ends of the optogenetic probe;at least one optical channel extending longitudinally within the elongated body and comprising an optical channel glass material having a refractive index larger than the refractive index of the body glass material, so as to guide light therealong;at least one electrical channel extending longitudinally within the elongated body and comprising an electrical channel structure having an electrical conductivity larger than the electrical conductivity of the body glass material, so as to conduct electricity therealong; andat least one fluidic channel extending longitudinally within the elongated body and adapted for transporting fluid therealong. 2. The optogenetic probe according to claim 1, wherein the body glass material comprises a glass compound selected from the group consisting of AgPO3—WO3, TeO2, GeO2—PbO, Ga2O3, Sb2O3, SiO2, NaPO3—PbF2, NaPO3—WO3, NaPO3—Nb2O5, and a combination thereof. 3. The optogenetic probe according to claim 1, wherein the optical channel glass material of each optical channel comprises a glass compound selected from the group consisting of: (AgPO3)1-x-y(WO3)xAy, where x≦0.30 and y≦0.70;(TeO2)1-xAx, where x≦0.30;(GeO2)1-x-y(PbO)xAy, where x≦0.60 and y≦0.40;(Ga2O3)1-xAx, where x≦0.25;(Sb2O3)1-xAx, where x≦0.25;(SiO2)1-xAx, where x≦0.40;(NaPO3)1-x-y(PbF2)xAy, where x≦0.30 and y≦0.50;(NaPO3)1-x-y(WO3)xAy, where x≦0.30 and y≦0.50;(NaPO3)1-x-y(Nb2O5)xAy, where x≦0.30 and y≦0.50; anda combination thereof, where A is an additive. 4. The optogenetic probe according to claim 3, wherein A comprises an additive selected from the group consisting of a transition metal oxide, an alkali metal oxide, a pnictogen metal oxide, an oxide of the elements of group 13 of the periodic table, an oxide of the elements of group 14 of the periodic table, a halogen compound, dispersed nanoparticles, and a combination thereof. 5. The optogenetic probe according to claim 4, wherein: the transition metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of ZnO, WO3, Nb2O5, Ti3O5, Zr3O5, Ag2O, AgNO3, V2O5, Cr2O3, Cu2O, and a combination thereof;the alkali metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of Li2O, Na2O, K2O, NaPO3, and a combination thereof;the pnictogen metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of P2O5, Sb2O3, Bi2O3, and a combination thereof;the oxide of the elements of group 13 of the periodic table is selected from the group consisting of In2O3, Ga2O3, and a combination thereof;the oxide of the elements of group 14 of the periodic table is selected from the group consisting of SiO2, GeO2, SnO2, and a combination thereof;the halogen compound is selected from the group consisting of AgI, PbF2, AgCl, and a combination thereof; andthe dispersed nanoparticles comprise carbon nanotubes, metallic nanoparticles, or a combination thereof. 6. The optogenetic probe according to claim 1, wherein the electrical channel structure of each electrical channel comprises one of: an electrical channel glass material of formula (AgPO3)1-u-v(WO3)uMv, where u≦0.30, v≦0.70, and where M is an additive, anda hollow electrical channel coated with a metallic layer. 7. The optogenetic probe according to claim 6, wherein M comprises an additive selected from the group consisting of a transition metal oxide, an alkali metal oxide, a pnictogen metal oxide, an oxide of the elements of group 13 of the periodic table, an oxide of the elements of group 14 of the periodic table, a halogen compound, dispersed nanoparticles, and a combination thereof. 8. The optogenetic probe according to claim 7, wherein: the transition metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of ZnO, WO3, Nb2O5, Ti3O5, Zr3O5, Ag2O, AgNO3, V2O5, Cr2O3, Cu2O, and a combination thereof;the alkali metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of Li2O, Na2O, K2O, NaPO3, and a combination thereof;the pnictogen metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of P2O5, Sb2O3, Bi2O3, and a combination thereof;the oxide of the elements of group 13 of the periodic table is selected from the group consisting of In2O3, Ga2O3, and a combination thereof;the oxide of the elements of group 14 of the periodic table is selected from the group consisting of SiO2, GeO2, SnO2, and a combination thereof;the halogen compound is selected from the group consisting of AgI, PbF2, AgCl, and a combination thereof; andthe dispersed nanoparticles comprise carbon nanotubes, metallic nanoparticles, or a combination thereof. 9. The optogenetic probe according to claim 1, wherein: the body glass material has a formula AgPO3—WO3;the optical channel glass material of each optical channel comprises an optically-transparent glass material of formula (AgPO3)1-x-y(WO3)xAy, where x≦0.30, y≦0.70, and A is an additive; andthe electrical channel structure of each electrical channel comprises one of: an electrically-conductive glass material of formula (AgPO3)1-u-v(WO3)uMv, where u≦0.30, v≦0.50, and M is an additive; and a hollow electrical channel coated with a metallic layer. 10. The optogenetic probe according to claim 1, wherein: the body glass material has a formula NaPO3—Nb2O5;the optical channel glass material of each optical channel comprises an optically-transparent glass material of formula (NaPO3)1-x-y(Nb2O5)xAy, where x≦0.30, y≦0.50, and A is an additive; andthe electrical channel structure of each electrical channel comprises one of: an electrically-conductive glass material of formula (AgPO3)1-u-v(WO3)uMv, where u≦0.30, v≦0.50, and M is an additive; and a hollow electrical channel coated with a metallic layer. 11. The optogenetic probe according to claim 1, wherein: the body glass material has a formula TeO2;the optical channel glass material of each optical channel comprises one of: an optically-transparent glass material of formula (TeO2)1-xAx, where x≦0.30, and A is an additive; an optically-transparent glass material of formula (TeO2)1-x(Na2O)x-y(ZnO)y, where x=0.20 and y=0.10; and an optically-transparent glass material of formula (TeO2)1-x(Bi2O3)x-y(ZnO)y, where x=0.20 and y=0.15; andthe electrical channel structure of each electrical channel comprises a hollow electrical channel coated with a metallic layer. 12. The optogenetic probe according to claim 1, wherein: the body glass material has a formula GeO2—PbO;the optical channel glass material of each optical channel comprises an optically-transparent glass material of formula (GeO2)1-x-y(PbO)xAy, where x≦0.60 and y≦0.40, and A is an additive; andthe electrical channel structure of each electrical channel comprises a hollow electrical channel coated with a metallic layer. 13. The optogenetic probe according to claim 1, wherein: the body glass material has a formula Ga2O3;the optical channel glass material of each optical channel comprises an optically-transparent glass material of formula (Ga2O3)1-xAx, where x≦0.25, and A is an additive; andthe electrical channel structure of each electrical channel comprises a hollow electrical channel coated with a metallic layer. 14. The optogenetic probe according to claim 1, wherein: the body glass material has a formula Sb2O3;the optical channel glass material of each optical channel comprises an optically-transparent glass material of formula (Sb2O3)1-xAx, where x≦0.25, and A is an additive; andthe electrical channel structure of each electrical channel comprises a hollow electrical channel coated with a metallic layer. 15. The optogenetic probe according to claim 1, wherein: the body glass material has a formula SiO2;the optical channel glass material of each optical channel comprises an optically-transparent material of formula (SiO2)1-xAx, where x≦0.25 and A is an additive; andthe electrical channel structure of each electrical channel comprises a hollow electrical channel coated with a metallic layer. 16. The optogenetic probe according to claim 1, comprising an opto-electrical channel simultaneously defining one of the at least one optical channel and one of the at least one electrical channel. 17. The optogenetic probe according to claim 16, wherein the opto-electrical channel comprises an optically-transparent and electrically-conductive glass material of formula (AgPO3)1-x-y(WO3)x(AgI)y, where x=0.05 and y=0.45. 18. The optogenetic probe according to claim 1, further comprising a distal portion tapering toward the distal end of the probe. 19. An optogenetic system comprising: an optogenetic probe having a proximal and a distal end, the optogenetic probe comprising: an elongated body made of a body glass material having a refractive index and an electrical conductivity, the elongated body extending longitudinally between the proximal and distal ends of the optogenetic probe;at least one optical channel extending longitudinally within the elongated body and comprising an optical channel glass material having a refractive index larger than the refractive index of the body glass material, so as to guide light therealong;at least one electrical channel extending longitudinally within the elongated body and comprising an electrical channel structure having an electrical conductivity larger than the electrical conductivity of the body glass material, so as to conduct electricity therealong; andat least one fluidic channel extending longitudinally within the elongated body and adapted for transporting fluid therealong;an optical module optically coupled to each optical channel;an electrical module electrically coupled to each electrical channel; anda fluidic module coupled to each fluidic channel. 20. A method of fabricating an optogenetic probe, the method comprising the steps of: a) fabricating a fiber preform comprising: an elongated body made of a body glass material having a refractive index, an electrical conductivity, a softening temperature and a coefficient of thermal expansion;at least one optical channel comprising an optical channel glass material having a refractive index larger than the refractive index of the body glass material, so as to transmit light therealong, and a glass softening temperature and a coefficient of thermal expansion respectively similar to the glass softening temperature and coefficient of thermal expansion of the body glass material;at least one electrical channel comprising an electrical channel structure having an electrical conductivity larger than the electrical conductivity of the body glass material, so as to conduct electricity therealong; andat least one fluidic channel adapted for transporting fluid therealong; andb) drawing the fiber preform into the optogenetic probe. 21. The method according to claim 20, wherein step a) comprises: i) providing a glass rod extending longitudinally for defining the elongated body;ii) drilling holes longitudinally through the glass rod for defining at least one optical channel cavity, at least one electrical channel cavity and at least one fluidic channel cavity; andiii) inserting an optical sub-rod into each optical channel cavity, thereby forming each optical channel, the optical sub-rod comprising an optical channel glass material having a refractive index larger than the refractive index of the body glass material, so as to transmit light therealong, and a glass softening temperature and a coefficient of thermal expansion respectively similar to the glass softening temperature and coefficient of thermal expansion of the body glass material. 22. The method according to claim 21, wherein step a) further comprises: iv) inserting an electrical sub-rod into each electrical channel cavity, thereby forming each electrical channel, the electrical sub-rod comprising an electrical channel glass material having an electrical conductivity larger than the electrical conductivity of the body glass material, so as to conduct electricity therealong, and a glass softening temperature and a coefficient of thermal expansion similar to the glass softening temperature and coefficient of thermal expansion of the body glass material. 23. The method according to claim 20, wherein step a) comprises: i) combining at least one body sub-rod, at least one optical sub-rod, at least one electrical sub-rod, and at least one fluidic sub-rod, each extending longitudinally; andii) drilling a hole longitudinally through each of the least one fluidic sub-rod for defining the at least one fluidic channel. 24. The method according to claim 20, wherein step a) comprises: i) combining at least one body sub-rod, at least one optical sub-rod, at least one electrical sub-rod, and at least one fluidic sub-rod, each extending longitudinally; andii) drilling a hole longitudinally through each of the at least one electrical and fluidic sub-rods for defining the at least one electrical channel and the at least one fluidic channel, respectively.
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