The invention relates to a modular structural system obtained from the combination, in sliding engagement form, of generically elongated elements A, B, C, D having sections whose perimeter is provided with protrusions and recesses which, in the spatial development of the elements A, B, C, D, form sl
The invention relates to a modular structural system obtained from the combination, in sliding engagement form, of generically elongated elements A, B, C, D having sections whose perimeter is provided with protrusions and recesses which, in the spatial development of the elements A, B, C, D, form sliding channels or tracks for mutual sliding of the elements which form the structural system. The structural system may also be provided with node elements C shaped so as to have two parallel opposite surfaces, one of which is provided with sliding channels or tracks for mutual male/female engagement in corresponding sliding channels or tracks and the other surface of which is provided with a permanent or releasable connection with other elements A, B, C, D at a connection angle of 0a180° with respect to said opposite surfaces. The structural system may also be provided with nodes A″, B″, C″ instead of the node elements C.
대표청구항▼
1. A structural system having a plurality of elongated elements in sliding engagement; said structural system comprising: (a) a first element A having an elongated shape and having a substantially quadrangular section whose perimeter is provided with protrusions and recesses which form sliding chann
1. A structural system having a plurality of elongated elements in sliding engagement; said structural system comprising: (a) a first element A having an elongated shape and having a substantially quadrangular section whose perimeter is provided with protrusions and recesses which form sliding channels or tracks for mutual sliding of additional elongated elements which form the structural system;(b) a second element B or a plurality of elements B, each element B having a section whose perimeter is provided with protrusions and recesses which form sliding channels or tracks for mutual sliding engagement with the elongated element A or additional elongated elements which form the structural system,wherein the external perimeter of said quadrangular element A being surrounded substantially completely by and slidably engaged with perimeter portions of four consecutive and adjacent elements B;the perimeter of each of the four consecutive and adjacent elements B designed to be inserted in portions of the perimeter of said quadrangular element A with mutual male/female engagement on two consecutive sides of said quadrangular element A, other parts of element A are in contact with perimeter portions of two of said four elements B, while the remaining perimeter of element B either defines perimeter portions of the section of the structural element or constitutes an element for insertion into perimeter portions of further third, or third and fourth, elements by means of slidable mutual male/female engagement. 2. The structural system according to claim 1, wherein the quadrangular element A and the element B or elements B have a substantially square or rectangular shape. 3. The structural system according to claim 1, wherein the element A is central and is structurally and slidably connected to four elements B, and the four elements B are cast together to form a monobloc, and optionally the connections between two adjacent elements B are of the dovetail type. 4. The structural system according to claim 1, further comprising at least one node element C′ shaped so that it has two opposite surfaces, substantially parallel to each other, having an extended surface area that is bigger than the surface area of the remaining pairs of opposite surfaces, one of the two extended opposite surfaces being provided with protrusions and sliding channels or tracks for mutual male/female engagement with corresponding sliding channels or tracks of second elements B, and the second parallel opposite surface being provided with a permanent or releasable connection with said first element A and second elements B. 5. The structural system according to claim 1, further comprising at least one node element C′ shaped so that it has two opposite surfaces, substantially parallel to each other, having an extended surface area that is bigger than the surface area of the remaining pairs of opposite surfaces, one of the two extended opposite surfaces being provided with protrusions and sliding channels or tracks for mutual male/female engagement with corresponding sliding channels or tracks of second elements B,and the second parallel opposite surface being provided with a permanent or releasable connection with: said first element A,said second element B,a fourth element D, oradditional elements,that form the structural system at a variable connection angle α in the range 0 <α<180° with respect to said opposite surfaces,and wherein the permanent or releasable connection: comprises fixing means or systems selected from the group consisting of: screws, bolts, glues, welds, pins, clinching, riveting, hemming, sealing, screwing, interlocking engagement or snap-engagement, and magnetic systems; or, is formed integrally between element C′ and the various other elements A, B, C, D,wherein optionally the elements A, B, C, D, C′ are solids generated from a flat figure which moves in space and has a barycenter and which remains orthogonal to the trajectories described by its points, the trajectory of the barycenter of the flat figure being said axial line, while the flat figure forms the section of each element A, B, C, D, C′. 6. The structural system according to claim 1, wherein the elements that form the structural system are: (a) solid or hollow; or(b) hollow with variable thickness. 7. The structural system according to claim 1, wherein the materials from which the single structural elements A, B, C, D, C′ or portions thereof are made are chosen from: cementitious or cement-like materials, glass, polymeric materials, metals and alloys, wood, composite materials, wherein optionally the composite materials comprise metallic and non-metallic laminates, stratified materials, cellular or honeycomb materials with open and/or closed cells, and combinations thereof,wherein optionally the internal shape of the section of elements A, B, C, D, C′ is solid to produce a solid element or is hollow to produce a boxed or a hollow element, and optionally the boxed elements and the hollow elements in the structural elements A, B, C, D, C′ are formed independently of each other,and optionally the boxed elements and/or the hollow element in the structural elements are filled with materials selected from the group consisting of: cementitious or cement-like materials, glass, polymeric materials, metals and alloys, wood, composite materials, metallic laminates, non-metallic laminates, stratified materials, cellular or honeycomb materials with open and closed cells, cellular or honeycomb materials with open or closed cells, and combinations thereof,and optionally the internal volume of boxed elements are filled with liquids or gases, or liquids and gases, or is filled with solid, liquid and gaseous material,and optionally the internal volume of the hollows in the structural elements is filled with liquids or gases, or is filled with liquids and gases, or is filled with combinations of solid, liquid and gaseous materials,and optionally the structural system further comprises nodes selected from the group consisting of: nodes A″, B″ and C″. 8. The structural system according to claim 1, wherein elements A and B are arranged for making linear structures, wherein optionally the linear structures are curved, vertical or horizontal structures, wheren optionally the structures are pillars or beams, or the structures are for making modular games and construction games, or the structures are to be used in different application sectors selected from the group consisting of: construction, mechanical engineering, transportation, furnishing and ornamental objects. 9. A Node A″ comprising a combination of three, four, five or six or more elements A as set forth in claim 1, wherein the elements A are combined or cast together as a monobloc, optionally cast together at their origin, optionally originally cast together. 10. A node B″ comprising a combination of three, four, five or six or more groups of elements B as set forth in claim 1, wherein the groups of elements B comprise single elements or are cast as a monobloc, and optionally the elements A are combined or cast together as a monobloc, optionally cast together at their origin, optionally originally cast together. 11. A node comprising a plurality of node elements C′, wherein each node element C′ comprises two opposite surfaces substantially parallel to each other and having an extended surface area that is bigger than the surface area of the remaining pairs of opposite surfaces, one of the two extended opposite surfaces comprising protrusions and sliding channels or tracks for mutual male/female engagement with corresponding sliding channels or tracks of an element B,and the second parallel opposite surface being provided with a permanent or releasable connection with: (i) element A,(ii) element B, or(iii) element A and B,and optionally also with other elements that form the structural system of claim 1, at a variable connection angle α in the range 0 <α<180° with respect to said opposite surfaces,wherein optionally the node elements C′ are identical to each other,and optionally the structural system comprises up to four nodes. 12. A manufactured object comprising the structural system of claim 1. 13. The structural system of claim 1, further comprising: one element C or a plurality of third elements C; wherein the element C or elements C comprise a section whose perimeter is designed to be inserted in portions of the perimeter of an element B,and where more than one elements C are present, in perimeter portions of other adjacent elements C with mutual male/female engagement,and optionally the remaining perimeter portions of elements C define external perimeter portions of the overall final section of the structural system. 14. The structural system according to claim 13, wherein the quadrangular element A is central and is structurally and slidably connected to four elements B which are in turn are structurally and slidably connected to four elements C, and optionally the four elements C are structurally and slidably connected to four elements D,wherein optionally the four elements C are cast together to form a monobloc. 15. The structural system of claim 1, further comprising: one element C or a plurality of third elements C, and one fourth element D or a plurality of fourth elements D;wherein the element C or elements C comprise a section whose perimeter is designed to be inserted in portions of the perimeter of an element B and in perimeter portions of other adjacent elements C and an additional element D or elements D with mutual male/female engagement,and optionally the remaining perimeter portions of element C define external perimeter portions of the overall final section of the structural system;and perimeter portions of said elements C and elements D surrounding in a substantially complete manner the perimeter portions of the elements B which are not engaged during mutual sliding with the element A. 16. The structural system according to claim 15, wherein the element D or elements D have a section whose perimeter is able to partially slidably engage with perimeter portions of an element C and with mutual male/female engagement, and optionally the remaining perimeter portions of the element D or elements D define external perimeter portions of the overall final section of the structural system. 17. A node comprising a plurality of elements A and B, and at least one node element C′, wherein each at least one node element C′ comprises two opposite surfaces substantially parallel to each other and having an extended surface area that is bigger than the surface area of the remaining pairs of opposite surfaces, wherein one of the two extended opposite surfaces comprises protrusions and sliding channels or tracks for mutual male/female slidable engagement with corresponding sliding channels or tracks of the element B, and the second parallel opposite surface being provided with a permanent or releasable connection with the element A and the element B,and optionally further comprising other elements that form a structural system according to claim 2, at a variable connection angle α in the range 0 <α<180° with respect to said opposite surfaces,wherein optionally the node further comprises at least one element C, and optionally further comprises elements D and C′, and the node is obtained by a sliding combination of the male female type with elements C and optional elements D and node elements C′. 18. A node C″ comprising a combination of three, four, five or six groups or more of elements C as set forth in claim 15, and optionally the elements C are combined or cast together as a monobloc, optionally cast together at their origin, optionally originally merged together. 19. The structural system of claim 1, wherein the sliding channels or tracks are of the square type with surfaces which are parallel or realized rounded with beveled surfaces. 20. The structural system of claim 1, wherein the structural system has an overall section with an external perimeter substantially shaped as a circle, ellipse or a regular polygon, or a square or rectangle. 21. The structural system of claim 1, wherein the structural system has a predefined length which is obtained by assembling elements A and B having lengths different from each other until the predefined length is reached. 22. The structural system of claim 21, wherein the structural system has a predefined length which is obtained by assembling elements A and B and additional structural elements having lengths different from each other until the predefined length is reached. 23. The structural system of claim 1, further comprising: (a) a node selected from the group consisting of nodes A″, B″ and C″, wherein:node A″ comprises a plurality of elements A, and optionally comprising three, four five or six or more elements A, and optionally said elements A being combined together or cast together as a monobloc; ornode B″ comprises a plurality of elements, optionally a combination of four elements B, wherein the elements B are combined in a group, and optionally comprising three, four, five or six or more group elements B, optionally said elements B are combined or cast together as a monobloc; or(b) a node selected from among nodes A″, B″, C″, wherein:node A″ comprises a plurality of elements A, and optionally comprising three, four five or six or more elements A, and optionally said elements A being combined together or cast together as a monobloc;node B″ comprises a plurality of elements, optionally a combination of four elements B, wherein the elements B are combined in a group, and optionally comprising three, four, five or six or more group elements B, optionally said elements B being combined or cast together as a monobloc; ornode C″ comprises a plurality of elements, optionally a combination of four elements C, wherein the elements C are combined in a group, and optionally comprising three, four, five or six or more group elements C, optionally said elements C being combined or cast together as a monobloc. 24. The structural system of claim 1, further comprising: additional elements C at a variable connection angle α in the range 0 <α<180° with respect to said opposite surfaces, wherein optionally the additional elements C are a third element C or a fourth element C. 25. A structural assembly comprising: two or more structural systems according to claim 1,wherein the two or more structural systems are connected to each other by at least one node element C′ shaped so that it has two opposite surfaces, substantially parallel to each other, having an extended surface area that is bigger than the surface area of the remaining pairs of opposite surfaces, one of the two extended opposite surfaces being provided with protrusions and sliding channels or tracks for mutual male/female engagement with corresponding sliding channels or tracks of second elements B, and the second parallel opposite surface being provided with a permanent or releasable connection with: (i) said first element A,(ii) said second element B,(iii) said first element A and second element B, or(iv) any of (i), (ii) or (iii) and additional elements,that form the structural system,wherein the elements have a connection angle α in the range of between about 0 <α<180° with respect to said opposite surfaces;or with a node selected from among the nodes A″, B″, C″, whereinnode A″ comprises a plurality of elements A, and optionally comprising or more three, four five or six or more elements A, and optionally said elements A being combined together or cast together as a monobloc;node B″ comprises a plurality of elements, optionally a combination of four elements B, wherein the elements B are combined in a group, and optionally comprising three, four, five or six or more group elements B, optionally said elements B being combined or cast together as a monobloc. 26. A manufactured object comprising the structural system of claim 25. 27. A structural assembly comprising: two or more structural systems according to claim 1,wherein the at least two or more structural systems are connected to each other by a node element C′ shaped so that it has two opposite surfaces, substantially parallel to each other, having an extended surface area that is bigger than the surface area of the remaining pairs of opposite surfaces, one of the two extended opposite surfaces being provided with protrusions and sliding channels or tracks for mutual maleifemale engagement with corresponding sliding channels or tracks of second elements B, and the second parallel opposite surface being provided with a permanent or releasable connection comprising: (i) said first element A,(ii) said second element B,(iii) said first element A and second element B, or(iv) any of (i), (ii) or (iii) and additional elements,that form the structural system at a variable connection angle α in the range 0 <α<180° with respect to said opposite surfaces;or with a node selected from among the nodes A″, B″, C″, whereinnode A″ comprises a plurality of elements A, and optionally comprising three, four five or six or more elements A, and optionally said elements A being combined together or cast together as a monobloc;node B″ comprises a plurality of elements, optionally a combination of four elements B, wherein the elements B are combined in a group, and optionally comprising three, four, five or six or more group elements B, optionally said elements B being combined or cast together as a monobloc; ornode C″ comprises a plurality of elements, optionally a combination of four elements C, wherein the elements C are combined in a group, and optionally comprising three, four, five or six or more group elements C, optionally said elements C being combined or cast together as a monobloc. 28. A manufactured object comprising the structural system of claim 27. 29. A structural system having a set section obtained from a combination in sliding engagement form of elongated elements; said system comprising: an element A, and an element B and optionally an element C or C′, wherein optionally the structural system comprises: a plurality of elements B, or four elements B; a plurality of elements C, or four elements C; or, a node element C or a plurality of node elements C′,wherein the element A has a substantially square section in which sliding grooves or longitudinal tracks (1) are provided symmetrically, being distributed on the four sides of the section and defining the protruding parts (2) which can slidingly engage inside corresponding complementary grooves in the element B; andthe element B has a substantially square section in which the sliding grooves or longitudinal tracks (3), (4) and (5) are provided on three of the four corners of the section, said grooves or tracks (4) and (5) being mirror-image of each other and different from the groove or track (3), which is shaped so that it can be coupled with and can accommodate the protruding parts (2) of element A;wherein the external perimeter of said element A being surrounded substantially completely by perimeter portions of four consecutive and adjacent elements B;wherein the perimeter of said element B or elements B are inserted in portions of the perimeter of A with mutual slidable male/female engagement on two consecutive sides of said element A, other parts of element A are in contact with perimeter portions of two of said four elements B,and the remaining perimeter of element or elements B either define perimeter portions of the section of the structural element or constitutes an element for slidable insertion into perimeter portions of: (i) one or more elements B;(ii) one or more elements C; or(iii) one or more elements B and C;by means of mutual slidable male/female engagement; andwherein optionally the grooves or tracks (4) and (5) further being shaped so that they can slidingly engage with corresponding complementary protrusions of the element C or the node element C′;wherein the element C is substantially shaped so that it has two opposite extended surfaces (6) and (7) substantially parallel to each other and having a surface area that is bigger than the surface area of the remaining pairs of parallel and opposite surfaces (8), (9) and (10), the pairs of surfaces 10 being identical to each other; the opposite extended surface (7) being provided with a protrusion (11) forming two sliding channels or tracks (12) which are parallel and opposite to each other and a protrusion (13) parallel to the channels or tracks (12) on the side where the lateral surface (9) is located; the lateral surface (8), which is parallel and opposite to the lateral surface (9), having a sliding groove or track (14) parallel to the channels or tracks (12). 30. The structural system according to claim 29, wherein: the node element C′ has the same protrusions and sliding channels or tracks as the element C, and is different from the element C in that on the opposite extended surface (6), which is parallel and opposite to the opposite extended surface (7), and further comprises a permanent or releasable connection with said first element A and second elements B and optional other elements C at a connection angle α in the range 0 <α<180° , or at α=90° , with respect to the opposite extended surface (6). 31. The structural system according to claim 29, wherein: the channels or tracks (12) and the protrusion (11) are able to engage slidingly with corresponding complementary protrusions or tracks of generic elements B; the protrusions (13) and the grooves or tracks (14) are able to slidingly engage with corresponding complementary tracks or protrusions of other elements C, wherein optionally the node element C′ has connected to it elements A, B, C arranged to form a structural assembly.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (8)
Peter Larws CH, Building block system, especially a toy building block system.
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