[미국특허]
Method and system for spatially-resolved 3-dimensional characterization of near-field sprays
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
H04N-013/02
G01N-021/85
B05B-012/08
G06T-007/20
출원번호
US-0070674
(2013-11-04)
등록번호
US-9964495
(2018-05-08)
발명자
/ 주소
Marshall, Andre W.
Ren, Ning
출원인 / 주소
University of Maryland
대리인 / 주소
Rosenberg, Klein & Lee
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
0
초록▼
Near-field spray characteristics are established from local measurements which are acquired by data acquisition sub-system capable of complete scanning of the area (volume) of interest in the spray which uses different laser-based probes (shadowgraphy, PIV, diffraction) to obtain drops related measu
Near-field spray characteristics are established from local measurements which are acquired by data acquisition sub-system capable of complete scanning of the area (volume) of interest in the spray which uses different laser-based probes (shadowgraphy, PIV, diffraction) to obtain drops related measurements. A mechanical patternator measures volume flux distribution of the spray under study. The measurement data are post-processed to obtain spatially-resolved spray characteristics which are mapped in a spherical coordinate system consistent with the kinematics of the spray. A data compression scheme is used to generate compact analytical functions describing the nozzle spray based on the measurement data. These analytical functions may be useful for initiating the nozzle spray in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) based spray dispersion and fire suppression modeling.
대표청구항▼
1. A system for characterization of sprays, comprising: a nozzle producing a spray under study, and an azimuthal displacement mechanism coupled to said nozzle and configured to actuate a controllable azimuthal displacement of said nozzle about a central axis thereof;a data acquisition sub-system pos
1. A system for characterization of sprays, comprising: a nozzle producing a spray under study, and an azimuthal displacement mechanism coupled to said nozzle and configured to actuate a controllable azimuthal displacement of said nozzle about a central axis thereof;a data acquisition sub-system positioned at a predetermined location with regard to said nozzle and operatively coupled to said spray under study and said azimuthal displacement mechanism and configured to obtain measurement data characterizing a near-field region of said spray under study,wherein said data acquisition sub-system includes:(a) a laser-based probing sub-system and a translational traverse sub-system operatively coupled to said laser-based probing system-system, said translational traverse sub-system being configured to displace said laser-based probing sub-system to at least one interrogation position with regard to said spray under study for performing substantially complete scanning of an area of interest in said spray under study at said at least one interrogation position, and(b) patternator sub-system disposed at a predetermined position relative to said nozzle of interest in operative connection with said spray under study;a controller sub-system operatively coupled to said azimuthal displacement mechanism and said translational traverse sub-system and configured to control an azimuthal displacement of said nozzle and actuation and displacement of said translational traverse sub-system with regard to said spray under study in coordination with said azimuthal displacement of said nozzle;a computer sub-system operatively coupled to said controller sub-system of said data acquisition sub-system, said computer sub-system being configured to track said nozzle displacement and said probing sub-system motion and to instruct said controller sub-system on the controllable azimuthal displacement of said nozzle and controllable motion of said probing sub-system displaced by said translational traverse sub-system with regard to said at least one interrogation position in said area of interest in said spray under study in synchronism with said azimuthal displacement of said nozzle;a post-processing sub-system operatively coupled to said computer sub-system and configured to process said measurement data acquired by said data acquisition sub-system and generating spray characterization data based on said measurement data;a data compression processor sub-system operatively coupled to said computer sub-system to receive said spray characterization data therefrom and configured to generate compact basis functions describing said spray under study;coefficients and parameters calculation sub-system operatively coupled to said post-processing sub-system and configured to calculate coefficients needed for generation of said compact basis functions describing said spray under study;a spray modeling processor sub-system operatively coupled to said data compression processor sub-system and configured to characterize the spray under study in terms of said compact basis functions; anda product database for said nozzle coupled to said spray modeling processor sub-system and containing compact physical representation of said spray under study. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein said post processing sub-system is configured to process said near-field spray measurement data to generate the near-field spray characteristics therefrom, and wherein said near-field spray characteristics include drops' size and velocity distribution characteristics obtained from said laser-based probing sub-system's measurements and volume flux distribution characteristics of said near-field spray under study obtained from said patternator sub-system's measurements. 3. The system of claim 2, further comprising a memory unit operatively coupled to said data acquisition unit to save said measurement data. 4. The system of claim 2, further including a mapping processor sub-system operatively coupled to said post-processing sub-system, and configured to map said near-field spray characteristics in a spherical coordinate system based on said spray characterization data and tracking data consistent with said azimuthal displacement of said nozzle of interest. 5. The system of claim 2, wherein said coefficients and parameters calculation sub-system is configured to generate average values and profile shapes for said compact functions when said compact basis functions include Legendre polynomials and Gaussian functions, and further to calculate coefficients determined from the nozzle's geometry when said basis compact functions include Fourier series. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein said computer sub-system is configured to instruct said controller sub-system on said controllable azimuthal displacement of said nozzle and controllable motion of said probing sub-system with regard to a plurality of said interrogation positions at said area of interest in said spray under study. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein said probing sub-system includes at least a shadowgraphy probe sub-system, wherein said shadowgraphy probe sub-system is configured to generate images of drops obtained during the scanning of said area of interest in said spray under study, andwherein said computer sub-system processes said images of drops to generate spatial distribution of drops' size, quantity and velocity in said spray under study. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein said probing sub-system includes at least a diffraction probe sub-system configured to measure size of the drops in said spray under study, and wherein said computer sub-system processes said drops' sizes measurements to produce a spatially resolved map of drops' size distribution. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein said probing sub-system includes at least a Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) probe sub-system configured to obtain images of illuminated said spray under study, and wherein said computer sub-system processes said images to produce spatially resolved characteristic drops' velocities. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein said computer sub-system is configured for coordinating the acquisition of data measurements of said spray under study, scanning of said probing sub-system and said control sub-system operation for tracking of said measurement data sampling. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein said patternator sub-system includes an array of collecting tubes operatively coupled, at one end thereof, to said spray under study to collect water therein, a plurality of containers, each at another end of a respective one of said collecting tubes, anda monitoring unit for monitoring water level change in said containers to measure time rate of said level change,wherein said monitored time rate of level change in said containers is processed by said computer sub-system to obtain volume flux distribution of said spray under study. 12. A method for 3-dimensional (3-D) characterization of a near-field spray produced by a nozzle, comprising the steps of: (a) forming a Spatially-resolved Spray Scanning System (SSSS), said SSSS including:a controller sub-system,a nozzle rotating sub-assembly operatively coupled to a nozzle of interest to rotate said nozzle of interest in accordance with commands issued by said controller sub-system,a patternator sub-system disposed at a predetermined distance relative to said nozzle of interest and operatively coupled to a near-field region of a spray produced by said nozzle of interest to assist in measuring flux distribution at a predetermined radius of the near-field spray under study in a plane orthogonal to the nozzle axis,at least one laser-based probe sub-system of a predetermined configuration operatively coupled to said spray under study, and a translational traverse sub-system operatively coupled to said probe sub-system and configured to displace said probe sub-system, under control of said controller sub-system, with regard to said spray for scanning said spray under study to sample at least one interrogation region of interest thereof, said at least one laser-based probe sub-system being configured to obtain drops related measurements;a laser sub-system operatively coupled to said controller sub-system; anda high speed camera sub-system operatively coupled to said control sub-system;(b) initiating said spray of interest;(c) actuating said nozzle rotating sub-assembly for displacing said nozzle of interest azimuthally in accordance to said controller sub-system's commands;(d) measuring said flux distribution of said near-field spray by said patternator sub-system in coordination with said azimuthal displacement of said nozzle;(e) displacing, under control of said controller sub-system, said laser-based probe sub-system by said translational traverse sub-system to said at least one interrogation region of interest in said spray under study, and measuring drops related parameters through scanning said near-field spray under study with said at least one laser-based probe sub-system at said at least one interrogation region of interest in synchronism with said azimuthal displacement of said nozzle; and actuating said laser and said camera in accordance with said at least one laser-based probe sub-system's scanning operation; andentering said measured flux distribution and drops related parameters of said near-field spray under study and said azimuthal displacement data in a computer sub-system configured to process said measured characteristics in accordance with a measurement analysis algorithm to create spatially resolved spray characteristics;(f) applying compact basis functions compression routine to said spatially resolved spray characteristics obtained in said step (e) to generate a compact representation of the spray based on said measured characteristics; and(g) generating a product database for said nozzle of interest containing compact physics based representation of said near-field spray under study computed in said step (f). 13. The method of claim 12, further comprising the step of: in said step (e),directing said pulsed laser beam onto said spray under study,focusing said high speed camera on said spray under study,synchronizing said pulsed laser and said high speed camera operation to acquire double images of drops in said spray under study separated by a predetermined image separation time interval,applying spatial calibration and image processing to said double images of drops to result in drops' sizes in each said double image, andacquiring drops' velocities through comparison of drops' trajectories obtained from said double images and said image separation time interval. 14. The method of claim 13, further comprising the steps of: in said step (e), traversing said at least one laser-based probe sub-system with regard to said spray under study, and in said step (c), rotating said nozzle to form a spherical interrogation region covering multiple imaging areas, each azimuthally aligned with predetermined interrogation stations. 15. The method of claim 12, further comprising the step of: in said step (e), combining individual images of said multiple imaging areas. 16. The method of claim 12, further comprising the steps of: in said steps (d) and (e), measuring flux distributions, drops' size distributions, and drops' velocity distributions in said spray under study azimuthally correlated with said nozzle rotation, andin said step (f), transforming said spray characteristics into a compact description through the steps of:generating analytical functions describing spatial variation of said drops' density, size, and velocity in correspondence to an elevation angle, wherein said analytical functions include Legendre polynomials, Gaussian functions, and Fourier series, each defined through respective coefficients determined by processing said measured spray characteristics, wherein said respective coefficients provide average values and profile shapes for said measured spray characteristics, for said Legendre polynomials and Gaussian functions, and wherein said respective coefficients are determined from said nozzle geometry for said Fourier series. 17. The method of claim 12, further comprising the steps of: in said step (c), measuring azimuthally variable characteristics of said spray under study, andin said step (f), where said sprinkler deflector has a plurality of tines and spaces, applying Fourier series to said measured azimuthally variable characteristics to calculate a continuous interpolation function between said characteristics measured for adjacent spaces and tines. 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising the steps of: wherein in said step (f), said compact basis functions describe the local characteristic drop size and distribution width parameter, andwherein local drop size distributions are generated from said local characteristic drop size and distribution width parameter by applying a combined Log-Norman-Rosin-Ramnler function. 19. The method of claim 12, further comprising the step of: in said step (e), applying shadowgraphy imaging to said spray under study containing drops ranging in size from 0.1 mm to 10 mm to measure spatial distribution of drops sizes, number and velocity. 20. The method of claim 12, further comprising the step of: in said step (e), applying diffraction imaging to said spray under study containing drops ranging in size from 0.1 μm to 100 μm to measure number and size of said drops. 21. The method of claim 12, further comprising the step of: in said step (e), applying Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) to measure drops velocities in said spray under study, where said drops range in size from 0.1 μm to 100 μm.
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