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Quantitative colorimetric carbon dioxide detection and measurement systems are disclosed. The systems can include a gas conduit, a colorimetric indicator adapted to exhibit a color change in response to exposure to carbon dioxide gas, a temperature controller operatively coupled to the colorimetric

Quantitative colorimetric carbon dioxide detection and measurement systems are disclosed. The systems can include a gas conduit, a colorimetric indicator adapted to exhibit a color change in response to exposure to carbon dioxide gas, a temperature controller operatively coupled to the colorimetric indicator and configured to control the temperature of the colorimetric indicator, an electro-optical sensor assembly including a light source or sources adapted to transmit light to the colorimetric indicator, and a photodiode or photodiodes configured to detect light reflected from the colorimetric indicator and to generate a measurement signal, and a processor in communication with the electro-optical sensor assembly. The processor can be configured to receive the measurement signal generated by the electro-optical sensor assembly and to compute a concentration of carbon dioxide based on the measurement signal. Methods for using the systems are also disclosed including providing a breathing therapy to a patient or user.

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1. A quantitative colorimetric carbon dioxide detection and measurement system comprising: a gas conduit;a colorimetric indicator adapted to exhibit a color change in response to exposure to carbon dioxide gas;a temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of the colorimetric indicator;an

1. A quantitative colorimetric carbon dioxide detection and measurement system comprising: a gas conduit;a colorimetric indicator adapted to exhibit a color change in response to exposure to carbon dioxide gas;a temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of the colorimetric indicator;an electro-optical sensor assembly comprising a light source or sources adapted to transmit light to the colorimetric indicator, and a light detection element configured to detect light reflected from the colorimetric indicator and to generate a measurement signal;a processor in communication with the electro-optical sensor assembly, the processor configured to: receive the measurement signal generated by the electro-optical sensor assembly and the temperature of the colorimetric indicator, andcompute a concentration of carbon dioxide based on the measurement signal and the temperature of the colorimetric indicator; anda device configured to electronically receive the computed carbon dioxide concentration and execute a breathing therapy program comprising a set of tone patterns adapted for guiding a user's breathing technique to modulate the carbon dioxide to a level between about 37 mmHg and 43 mmHg. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the processer is further configured to compute a respiration rate based on the measurement signal, and wherein the device is further configured to electronically receive the computed respiration rate. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the device comprises a display, wherein the processor is configured to transmit the computed concentration of carbon dioxide and Respiration Rate to the display and the display is configured to display the computed concentration of carbon dioxide and Respiration Rate. 4. The system of claim 2, wherein the processor is further configured to apply a temperature correction to the measurement signal based on the temperature of the colorimetric indicator. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is within a housing of the quantitative colorimetric carbon dioxide detection and measurement system. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises a display, wherein the processor is further configured to transmit the measurement signal to the device and the device is configured to compute a concentration of the carbon dioxide and a respiration rate based on the measurement signal. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein the system is configured to display a target respiratory rate and a target carbon dioxide level. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein the system is configured to measure and display a baseline level of the user's respiratory rate and carbon dioxide level before any tone patterns are generated. 9. The system of claim 1, further comprising a pump configured to move a sample of gas in the gas conduit into contact with the colorimetric indicator. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the pump is upstream of the colorimetric indicator. 11. The system of claim 9, wherein the pump is downstream of the colorimetric indicator. 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the gas conduit includes a separate disposable tube containing the colorimetric indicator, the disposable tube configured to removably engage with and couple to the electro-optical sensor assembly. 13. The system of claim 1, further comprising a display in communication with the processor, the display configured to display a user interface for operating the system. 14. The system of claim 1, further comprising a sensor cable coupling the electro-optical sensor assembly to the processor. 15. The system of claim 1, wherein the system is wearable. 16. The system of claim 1, wherein the system is configured to measure a user's exhaled air during breathing. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein the processor is configured to provide a guided breathing maneuver to thereby alter the amount of carbon dioxide measured from a user's exhaled air. 18. The system of claim 16, wherein the processor is configured to provide visual and/or audio cues to guide the user's breathing. 19. The system of claim 16, wherein the processor is configured to provide the user a guided breathing maneuver based on the quantity of carbon dioxide measured from the user's exhaled breath. 20. The system of claim 16, wherein the processor is configured to provide the user a guided breathing maneuver based on a respiration rate measured from the user's exhaled breath. 21. The system of claim 1, further comprising a nasal and/or oral cannula adapted for collecting a sample of a user's exhaled breath for exhaled carbon dioxide measurement, wherein the cannula is configured to be in fluid communication with the gas conduit. 22. The system of claim 1, wherein the gas conduit includes a nasal and/or oral cannula adapted for collecting a sample of a user's exhaled breath for exhaled carbon dioxide measurement. 23. The system of claim 22, wherein the gas conduit includes the colorimetric indicator and nasal and/or oral cannula, wherein the gas conduit, colorimetric indicator, and nasal and/or oral cannula are configured for a single use. 24. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to measure a respiration rate. 25. The system of claim 1, wherein the tone patterns correspond to a total breath time, an inhalation time, an expiration time, a first pause time between inhalation to exhalation, and a second pause time between exhalation and inhalation. 26. The system of claim 25, wherein the tone patterns provide silence for the first and second pause times. 27. The system of claim 1, wherein the device is configured to record the user's information. 28. The system of claim 1, wherein the device is configured to visually display a goal line corresponding to a target end-tidal CO2 level on an end-tidal CO2 graph. 29. The system of claim 1, wherein the device is a mobile device. 30. The system of claim 1, wherein the electro-optical assembly includes one photodiode and two alternating light sources. 31. The system of claim 1, wherein the electro-optical assembly includes two photodiodes and two light sources. 32. The device of claim 1, further comprising a temperature controller operatively coupled to the colorimetric indicator and configured to control the temperature of the colorimetric indicator. 33. The system of claim 32, wherein the processor is configured to control the temperature controller to maintain the colorimetric indicator at a pre-determined temperature. 34. The system of claim 33, wherein the pre-determined temperature is from 20° C. to about 50° C. 35. The system of claim 32, wherein the temperature controller is further configured to control a temperature of the electro-optical sensor. 36. The system of claim 32, wherein the temperature controller includes a heater. 37. The system of claim 1 wherein the light detection element includes a photodiode or photodiodes. 38. The system of claim 1, wherein the device is a mobile display device. 39. The system of claim 1, further comprising a pressure sensor configured to measure a pressure of a gas sample, wherein the processor is configured to receive the pressure measurement and to compute a concentration of carbon dioxide based on the measurement signal and the temperature of the colorimetric indicator and the pressure of the gas sample. 40. A quantitative colorimetric carbon dioxide detection system comprising: a colorimetric indicator adapted to change color in response to exposure to a quantity of carbon dioxide gas;a temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of the colorimetric indicator;an electro-optical sensor assembly coupled to the colorimetric indicator, the electro-optical sensor assembly comprising light sources adapted to transmit a first wavelength and a second wavelength to the colorimetric indicator, wherein the first wavelength is configured to be sensitive to an indicator color change and the second wavelength is configured to not be as sensitive to an indicator color change, and a light detection element configured to detect a first reflected light based on the first wavelength and a second reflected light based on the second wavelength, and to generate a first electrical signal based on the first reflected light and a second electrical signal based on the second reflected light;a processor in communication with the electro-optical sensor assembly and temperature sensor, the processor configured to receive the electrical signals generated by the electro-optical sensor assembly to compute the concentration of carbon dioxide exposed to the indicator; anda device configured to electronically receive the computed carbon dioxide concentration and execute a breathing therapy program comprising a set of tone patterns adapted for guiding a user's breathing technique to modulate the carbon dioxide to a level between about 37 mmHg and 43 mmHg. 41. The system of claim 40, wherein the electro-optical sensor assembly is configured to alternately transmit the first and second wavelengths. 42. The device of claim 40, further comprising a temperature controller coupled to the colorimetric indicator and configured to control a temperature of the colorimetric indicator. 43. A method for quantitatively measuring carbon dioxide, the method comprising: passing a sample gas through a gas conduit;contacting a colorimetric indicator with the sample gas, the colorimetric indicator adapted to exhibit a color change in response to exposure to carbon dioxide gas;measuring a temperature of the colorimetric indicator with a temperature sensor while contacting the colorimetric indicator with the sample gas;transmitting light to the colorimetric indicator with an electro-optical sensor assembly comprising a light source or sources while contacting the colorimetric indicator with the sample gas;detecting light reflected from the colorimetric indicator with a light detection element;generating a measurement signal from the light detection element based on the reflected light;sending the measurement signal to a processor;computing the concentration of carbon dioxide in the sample gas with the processor based on the measurement signal and the temperature of the colorimetric indicator; andexecuting a breathing therapy program comprising a set of tone patterns adapted for guiding a user's breathing technique to modulate the carbon dioxide to a level between about 37 mmHg and 43 mmHg. 44. The method of claim 43, wherein computing the concentration of carbon dioxide with the processor is based on the color change of the colorimetric indicator. 45. The method of claim 43, further comprising moving the sample gas in the gas conduit into contact with the colorimetric indicator using a pump. 46. The method of claim 43, further comprising displaying a user interface for operating the system. 47. The method of claim 43, further comprising continuously measuring a user's exhaled air during breathing. 48. The method of claim 47, further comprising providing a guided breathing maneuver to the user with instructions to alter the amount of carbon dioxide measured from the user's exhaled air. 49. The method of claim 47, further comprising providing visual and/or audio cues to guide the user's breathing. 50. The method of claim 43, further comprising measuring the breathing rate of a user's breathing. 51. The method of claim 43, further comprising electronically sending the computed CO2 concentration to a device and executing a breathing therapy program comprising a set of tone patterns for guiding a user's breathing pattern while monitoring the user's CO2 levels with the device. 52. The method of claim 51, wherein the device is a mobile device with a display. 53. The method of claim 51, wherein the device includes a display. 54. The method of claim 53, further comprising visually displaying on the device a goal line corresponding to a target end-tidal CO2 level on an end-tidal CO2 graph. 55. The method of claim 51, wherein the tone patterns are based on the computed CO2 levels and a respiration rate that is computed from the measurement signal. 56. The method of claim 51, wherein the tone patterns correspond to a total breath time, an inhalation time, an expiration time, a first pause time between inhalation to exhalation, and a second pause time between exhalation and inhalation. 57. The method of claim 56, wherein the tone patterns provide silence for the first and second pause times. 58. The method of claim 51, further comprising recording the user's information with the device. 59. The method of claim 43 further comprising controlling the temperature of the colorimetric indicator with a temperature controller coupled to the colorimetric indicator while contacting the colorimetric indicator with the sample gas. 60. The method of claim 59, further comprising maintaining the colorimetric indicator at a pre-determined temperature with the temperature controller. 61. The method of claim 60, wherein the pre-determined temperature is from about 20° C. to about 50° C. 62. The method of claim 43, further comprising: measuring a pressure of the sample gas;sending the pressure measurement to the processor; andcomputing the concentration of carbon dioxide in the sample gas with the processor based on the measurement signal and the temperature of the colorimetric indicator and the pressure of the sample gas.