[미국특허]
Near zero volt storage tolerant electrochemical cells through reversible ion management
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
H02J-007/00
H01M-010/0525
H01M-010/0568
H01M-010/058
H01M-010/42
H01M-010/48
H01M-010/63
H01M-004/94
H01M-004/525
H01M-004/587
H01M-010/054
H01M-014/00
출원번호
US-0481115
(2017-04-06)
등록번호
US-10193354
(2019-01-29)
발명자
/ 주소
Crompton, Kyle
Landi, Brian
출원인 / 주소
Rochester Institute of Technology
대리인 / 주소
Bond, Schoeneck & King, PLLC
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
45
초록▼
An electrochemical cell having a positive electrode; a negative electrode and an electrolyte, wherein the electrochemical cell contains reversible ions in an amount sufficient to maintain a negative electrode potential verses reference level below a negative electrode damage threshold potential of t
An electrochemical cell having a positive electrode; a negative electrode and an electrolyte, wherein the electrochemical cell contains reversible ions in an amount sufficient to maintain a negative electrode potential verses reference level below a negative electrode damage threshold potential of the cell and a positive electrode potential verses reference level above a positive electrode damage threshold potential of the cell under an applied load at a near zero cell voltage state, such that the cell is capable of recharge from the near zero cell voltage state, and method for its production is disclosed.
대표청구항▼
1. An electrochemical cell, comprising: a positive electrode;a negative electrode; andan electrolyte, wherein the electrochemical cell contains reversible ions in an amount sufficient to maintain a negative electrode potential verses reference level that is less than a damage potential of the negati
1. An electrochemical cell, comprising: a positive electrode;a negative electrode; andan electrolyte, wherein the electrochemical cell contains reversible ions in an amount sufficient to maintain a negative electrode potential verses reference level that is less than a damage potential of the negative electrode and a positive electrode potential verses reference level that is greater than a damage potential of the positive electrode of the cell under an applied load at a near zero cell voltage state, such that the cell is capable of recharge from the near zero cell voltage state. 2. The cell of claim 1, wherein the applied load is fixed or variable or a combination thereof. 3. The cell of claim 1, wherein the reversible ions comprise lithium, sodium, magnesium, aluminum, hydrogen, or a combination thereof. 4. The cell of claim 1, wherein the positive electrode comprises an active material and the negative electrode comprises an active material each electrode configured to allow intercalation/alloying/deposition and de-intercalation/de-alloying/stripping of the reversible ions. 5. The cell of claim 1, wherein the negative electrode comprises a carbon allotrope, Ge, Si, Al, metal oxide, titanate material or Sn as a secondary active material that has an intercalation/alloying and de-intercalation/de-alloying potential that is less than the damage potential of a positive electrode comprising active materials; and optionally ionated. 6. The cell of claim 1, wherein the cell is tolerant to near zero volt storage under an applied load over a range of temperatures from −100° C. to 200° C. 7. The cell of claim 1, further comprising a resistor comprising a suitable fixed or variable load applied to the electrodes based on the capacity of the cell to realize a near zero volt condition during storage. 8. The cell of claim 7, wherein the resistor comprises a safety clip structure that minimizes user risk during storage and handling, wherein the safety clip structure can be fabricated with user controls and readout device, display or transmitted signal which monitors cell voltage for protection and disassembly. 9. A battery comprising multiple electrochemical cells according to claim 1, which battery is capable of a near zero cell voltage state when the multiple electrochemical cells are under an applied load without significant performance degradation upon recharge. 10. A method for providing an electrochemical cell which manages an amount of reversible ions that enables a near zero voltage storage for prolonged periods of time under an applied load capable of recharge without significant degradation of discharge performance, comprising: a) fabricating a first electrochemical cell having a negative electrode, a positive electrode, a third electrode, and an electrolyte;b) measuring the voltage difference between the negative electrode and the third electrode to determine the electrochemical potential of the negative electrode verses reference level and measuring the voltage difference between the positive electrode and the third electrode to determine the electrochemical potential of the positive electrode verses reference level upon application of an applied load that electrically connects the positive electrode and negative electrode to the first electrochemical cell as the voltage difference between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the first electrochemical cell voltage, reaches a near zero volts;c) determining the electrode asymptotic potential from the measured electrochemical potential of the negative electrode verses reference level and the positive electrode verses reference level in the first electrochemical cell;d) adjusting the amount of reversible ions in the first electrochemical cell based upon the determined electrode asymptotic potential from the first electrochemical cell, or fabricating a second electrochemical cell having a negative electrode, a positive electrode, a third electrode, and an electrolyte and adjusting the amount of reversible ions in the second electrochemical cell, based upon the determined electrode asymptotic potential from the first electrochemical cell; ande) repeating steps a), b), c) and d) until an amount of the reversible ions in the cell is identified that achieves the negative electrode potential verses reference level below a negative electrode damage threshold potential of the cell and the positive electrode potential verses reference level above a positive electrode damage threshold potential of the cell under the applied load at a near zero cell voltage state, and optionally removing the third electrode. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein step a) is determined by measuring with a reference electrode the electrochemical potentials of the negative electrode and positive electrode as the electrochemical potentials asymptote towards each other during an applied load condition and asymptote towards an intermediate potential. 12. The method of claim 10, wherein determining the electrode asymptotic potential comprises constructing multiple cells with different amounts of reversible ions added or subtracted, or constructing a single cell wherein reversible ions can be added or subtracted in situ by electrochemical, physical or chemical means after measurement of the electrode potentials during the application of the applied load, the amount of reversible ions in the cell design is added or subtracted to change the electrode potentials during the applied load via feedback from measurements over a range of temperatures that can range from −100° C. to 200° C. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the amount of reversible ions is adjusted in the cell via electrochemical, chemical or physical addition/subtraction of ions to the negative electrode, positive electrode or both. 14. The method of claim 10, wherein the reversible ion is lithium. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein reversible lithium ions are added by electrochemically inserting lithium ions into the negative electrode prior to cell assembly. 16. The method of claim 14, wherein reversible lithium ions are added or subtracted by immersing the electrodes in a bath of electrolyte and the reversible lithium is added or subtracted electrochemically to or from either the positive or negative electrode from the third electrode or a fourth electrode prior to final assembly of the cell. 17. The method of claim 14, wherein the reversible lithium ions are electrochemically added to or subtracted from the cell to either the positive or negative electrode from the third electrode or a fourth electrode that is removed from the cell after addition of the reversible lithium ions. 18. The method of claim 14, wherein the amount of reversible lithium ions is managed by the stoichiometry and charge/discharge performance of the active materials in the cell such that negative electrode potential verses reference level below a negative electrode damage threshold potential of the cell and the positive electrode potential verses reference level above a positive electrode damage threshold potential of the cell under the applied load to a near zero cell voltage state. 19. The method of claim 10, further comprising applying a load to the cell based on the capacity of the cell to realize a near zero volt condition during storage, wherein the load is designed for low current dissipation. 20. The method of claim 10, further comprising applying a load to the cell based on the capacity of the cell to realize a near zero volt condition during storage, wherein the load is designed for high current dissipation and the load is coupled to a heat transfer device.
Chang, Sung Kyun; Hong, Seung Tae; Kim, Hyeong Jin; Ryu, Duk Hyun; Goh, Eun Young; Lee, Ho Chun; Jeong, Jun Yong; Yeon, Jin Hee; Lee, Hyung Keun, Cathode active material for lithium secondary battery.
Chang, Sung Kyun; Hong, Seung Tae; Kim, Hyeong Jin; Ryu, Duk Hyun; Goh, Eun Young; Lee, Ho Chun; Jeong, Jun Yong; Yeon, Jin Hee; Lee, Hyung Keun, Cathode active material for lithium secondary battery.
Chang, Sung Kyun; Hong, Seung Tae; Kim, Hyeong Jin; Ryu, Duk Hyun; Goh, Eun Young; Lee, Ho Chun; Jeong, Jun Yong; Yeon, Jin Hee; Lee, Hyung Keun, Cathode active material for lithium secondary battery.
Meadows, Paul M.; Mann, Carla M.; Tsukamoto, Hisashi; Chen, Joey, Implantable pulse generators using rechargeable zero-volt technology lithium-ion batteries.
Meadows, Paul M.; Mann, Carla M.; Tsukamoto, Hisashi; Chen, Joey, Implantable pulse generators using rechargeable zero-volt technology lithium-ion batteries.
Tsukamoto, Hisashi; Kishiyama, Clay; Nagata, Mikito; Nakahara, Hiroshi; Piao, Tiehua, Method for making a lithium ion battery dischargeable to zero volts.
Yazami Rachid (Saint-Nazaire-Les-Eymes FRX) Moreau Michel (Clichy FRX), Negative electrode based on pre-lithiated carbonaceous material for a rechargeable electrochemical lithium generator.
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.