The invention relates generally to burn rate modifiers and propellants comprising a burn rate modifier. The invention also relates to methods of producing a propellant comprising a burn rate modifier as well as an ammunition cartridge comprising the propellant. The burn rate modifier comprises a com
The invention relates generally to burn rate modifiers and propellants comprising a burn rate modifier. The invention also relates to methods of producing a propellant comprising a burn rate modifier as well as an ammunition cartridge comprising the propellant. The burn rate modifier comprises a compound of formula 1 and the propellant comprises a compound of formula 1 and an energetic material.
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1. A propellant comprising: an energetic material in the form of granules; anda compound of formula 1 wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of H, —OH, —O(C1-4alkyl), —C1-4alkyl, —NHC1-4alkyl, —N(C1-4alkyl)2, —NO2, —NHNH2, —N(C1-4alkyl)NH2, and —CN; R2 is selected from the group consistin
1. A propellant comprising: an energetic material in the form of granules; anda compound of formula 1 wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of H, —OH, —O(C1-4alkyl), —C1-4alkyl, —NHC1-4alkyl, —N(C1-4alkyl)2, —NO2, —NHNH2, —N(C1-4alkyl)NH2, and —CN; R2 is selected from the group consisting of —H, —OH, —O—(C1-4alkyl), —C1-4alkyl, —NHC1-4alkyl, —N(C1-4alkyl)2, —NO2, —NHNH2, —N(C1-4alkyl)NH2, and —CN; R3 is selected from the group consisting of —H and —C1-4alkyl; and R4 is selected from the group consisting of —H, —OH, —O(C1-4alkyl), —C1-4alkyl, —NHC1-4alkyl, —N(C1-4alkyl)2, —NO2, —NHNH2, —N(C1-4alkyl)NH2, and —CN; and wherein at least one of R1, R2 and R4 is OH. 2. The propellant according to claim 1, wherein the granules comprise a perforation. 3. The propellant according to claim 1, wherein the energetic material is selected from the group consisting of black powder, ammonium perchlorate, hexogen, butanetrioltrinitrate, ethyleneglycol dintrate, diethyleneglycol dinitrate, erithritol tetranitrate, octogen, hexanitroisowurtzitane, metriol trinitrate, N-Methylnitramine, pentaerythritol tetranitrate, tetranitrobenzolamine, trinitrotoluene, nitroglcerine, nitrocellulose, mannitol hexanitrate, triethylene glycol dinitrate, guanidine, nitroguanidine, 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one, ammonium nitrate, propanediol dinitrate, hexamine, 5-aminotetrazole, methyltetrazole, phenyltetrazole, polyglycidylnitrate, polyglycidylazide, poly[3-nitratomethyl-3-methyloxitane], poly[3-azidomethyl-3-methyloxitane], poly[3,3-bis(azidomethyl)oxitane], nitrated cyclodextrin polymers, poly glycidylnitrate, and combinations thereof. 4. The propellant according to claim 1, wherein the energetic material is nitrocellulose. 5. The propellant according to claim 1, wherein the compound of formula 1 is in the form of a coating on the surface of the granules. 6. The propellant according to claim 1, further comprising a graphite layer. 7. An ammunition cartridge comprising a propellant according to claim 1. 8. The ammunition cartridge according to claim 7, comprising a casing, a primer and a projectile. 9. The propellant according to claim 1, wherein the compound of formula 1 is 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)butan-2-one. 10. The propellant according to claim 1, wherein the energetic material is selected from the group consisting of carbon black powder, ammonium perchlorate, hexogen, butanetrioltrinitrate, ethyleneglycol dintrate, diethyleneglycol dinitrate, erithritol tetranitrate, octogen, hexanitroisowurtzitane, metriol trinitrate, N-Methylnitramine, pentaerythritol tetranitrate, tetranitrobenzolamine, trinitrotoluene, nitroglcerine, nitrocellulose, mannitol hexanitrate, triethylene glycol dinitrate, guanidine, nitroguanidine, 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one, ammonium nitrate, propanediol dinitrate, hexamine, 5-aminotetrazole, methyltetrazole, phenyltetrazole, polyglycidylnitrate, polyglycidylazide, poly[3-nitratomethyl-3-methyloxitane], poly[3-azidomethyl-3-methyloxitane], poly[3,3-bis(azidomethyl)oxitane], nitrated cyclodextrin polymers, poly glycidylnitrate, and combinations thereof. 11. A method of preparing a propellant, comprising coating granules of an energetic material with a compound of formula 1 or dispersing a compound of formula 1 throughout granules of energetic material, wherein the compound of formula 1 is: wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of H, —OH, —O(C1-4alkyl), —C1-4alkyl, —NHC1-4alkyl, —N(C1-4alkyl)2, —NO2, —NHNH2, —N(C1-4alkyl)NH2, and —CN;R2 is selected from the group consisting of —H, —OH, —O—(C1-4alkyl), —C1-4alkyl, —NHC1-4alkyl, —N(C1-4alkyl)2, —NO2, —NHNH2, —N(C1-4alkyl)NH2, and —CN;R3 is selected from the group consisting of —H and —C1-4alkyl; andR4 is selected from the group consisting of —H, —OH, —O(C1-4alkyl), —C1-4alkyl, —NHC1-4alkyl, —N(C1-4alkyl)2, —NO2, —NHNH2, —N(C1-4alkyl)NH2, and —CN; and wherein at least one of R1, R2 and R4 is OH. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the granules of energetic material are formed by extruding a slurry or dough of the energetic material to form an extrudate cord and cutting the extrudate cord. 13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the energetic material is extruded with a perforation. 14. The method according to claim 11, wherein the compound of formula 1 is diffused into the granules of energetic material. 15. The method according to claim 11, wherein the compound of formula 1 is dispersed evenly throughout the granules of energetic material. 16. The method according to claim 11, wherein the compound of formula 1 is 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)butan-2-one. 17. The method according to claim 11, wherein the energetic material is selected from the group consisting of carbon black powder, ammonium perchlorate, hexogen, butanetrioltrinitrate, ethyleneglycol dintrate, diethyleneglycol dinitrate, erithritol tetranitrate, octogen, hexanitroisowurtzitane, metriol trinitrate, N-Methylnitramine, pentaerythritol tetranitrate, tetranitrobenzolamine, trinitrotoluene, nitroglcerine, nitrocellulose, mannitol hexanitrate, triethylene glycol dinitrate, guanidine, nitroguanidine, 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one, ammonium nitrate, propanediol dinitrate, hexamine, 5-aminotetrazole, methyltetrazole, phenyltetrazole, polyglycidylnitrate, polyglycidylazide, poly[3-nitratomethyl-3-methyloxitane], poly[3-azidomethyl-3-methyloxitane], poly[3,3-bis(azidomethyl)oxitane], nitrated cyclodextrin polymers, poly glycidylnitrate, and combinations thereof. 18. A propellant comprising: an energetic material;a graphite layer; anda compound of formula 1 wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of H, —OH, —O(C1-4alkyl), —C1-4alkyl, —NHC1-4alkyl, —N(C1-4alkyl)2, —NO2, —NHNH2, —N(C1-4alkyl)NH2, and —CN; R2 is selected from the group consisting of —H, —OH, —O—(C1-4alkyl), —C1-4alkyl, —NHC1-4alkyl, —N(C1-4alkyl)2, —NO2, —NHNH2, —N(C1-4alkyl)NH2, and —CN; R3 is selected from the group consisting of —H and —C1-4alkyl; and R4 is selected from the group consisting of —H, —OH, —O(C1-4alkyl), —C1-4alkyl, —NHC1-4alkyl, —N(C1-4alkyl)2, —NO2, —NHNH2, —N(C1-4alkyl)NH2, and —CN; and wherein at least one of R1, R2 and R4 is OH. 19. An ammunition cartridge comprising a propellant, a casing, a primer and a projectile, wherein the propellant comprises: an energetic material; anda compound of formula 1 wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of H, —OH, —O(C1-4alkyl), —C1-4alkyl, —NHC1-4alkyl, —N(C1-4alkyl)2, —NO2, —NHNH2, —N(C1-4alkyl)NH2, and —CN; R2 is selected from the group consisting of —H, —OH, —O—(C1-4alkyl), —C1-4alkyl, —NHC1-4alkyl, —N(C1-4alkyl)2, —NO2, —NHNH2, —N(C1-4alkyl)NH2, and —CN; R3 is selected from the group consisting of —H and —C1-4alkyl; and R4 is selected from the group consisting of —H, —OH, —O(C1-4alkyl), —C1-4alkyl, —NHC1-4alkyl, —N(C1-4alkyl)2, —NO2, —NHNH2, —N(C1-4alkyl)NH2, and —CN; and wherein at least one of R1, R2 and R4 is OH.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (12)
Kabbe Hans-Joachim (Leverkusen DEX) Widdig Arno (Odenthal DEX) Niewhner Ulrich (Wermelskirchen DEX) Knorr Andreas (Wuppertal DEX) Garthoff Bernward (Hilden DEX) Kazda Stanislav (Wuppertal DEX), Circulation active novel substituted 4-hydroxy-benzopyrans.
Martins, Laura J.; Cragun, Richard B.; Lund, Gary K.; Wells, Michael V.; Mancini, Vincent E., Method of making multi-base propellants from pelletized nitrocellulose.
O\Meara William L. (Leon FL) Murray Terry A. (Gadsden FL), Method of producing a nitrocellulose propellant containing a cellulosic burn rate modifier infiltrated therein.
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