Corneal intraocular pressure sensor and a surgical method using the same
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
A61B-003/16
A61F-009/008
A61M-019/00
A61N-005/02
A61N-005/06
A61B-005/07
A61F-002/14
출원번호
US-0653053
(2017-07-18)
등록번호
US-10206569
(2019-02-19)
발명자
/ 주소
Peyman, Gholam A.
출원인 / 주소
Peyman, Gholam A.
대리인 / 주소
The Law Office of Patrick F. O'Reilly III, LLC
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
24
초록▼
A method of implanting a corneal intraocular pressure sensor in an eye of a patient is disclosed herein. The method includes forming a pocket in the cornea of the eye so as to gain access to tissue surrounding the pocket; applying a photosensitizer so that the photosensitizer permeates at least a po
A method of implanting a corneal intraocular pressure sensor in an eye of a patient is disclosed herein. The method includes forming a pocket in the cornea of the eye so as to gain access to tissue surrounding the pocket; applying a photosensitizer so that the photosensitizer permeates at least a portion of the tissue surrounding the pocket, the photosensitizer facilitating cross-linking of the tissue surrounding the pocket; irradiating the cornea so as to activate cross-linkers in the portion of the tissue surrounding the pocket, and thereby stiffen a wall of the pocket and kill cells in the portion of the tissue surrounding the pocket; and inserting an intracorneal implant comprising a pressure sensor into the pocket, the pressure sensor of the intracorneal implant configured to measure the intraocular pressure of the eye of the patient. A corneal intraocular pressure sensor is also disclosed herein.
대표청구항▼
1. A method of implanting a corneal intraocular pressure sensor in an eye of a patient, said method comprising: forming a pocket in the cornea of the eye so as to gain access to tissue surrounding the pocket;after the pocket in the cornea has been formed, applying a photosensitizer so that the photo
1. A method of implanting a corneal intraocular pressure sensor in an eye of a patient, said method comprising: forming a pocket in the cornea of the eye so as to gain access to tissue surrounding the pocket;after the pocket in the cornea has been formed, applying a photosensitizer so that the photosensitizer permeates at least a portion of the tissue surrounding the pocket, the photosensitizer facilitating cross-linking of the tissue surrounding the pocket;irradiating the cornea so as to activate cross-linkers in the portion of the tissue surrounding the pocket, and thereby stiffen a wall of the pocket and kill cells in the portion of the tissue surrounding the pocket; andbefore or after the portion of the tissue surrounding the pocket has been stiffened and is devoid of cellular elements by the activation of the cross-linkers, inserting an intracorneal implant comprising a pressure sensor into the pocket, the pressure sensor of the intracorneal implant configured to measure the intraocular pressure of the eye of the patient. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of forming a pocket in the cornea of the eye further comprises: cutting out a three-dimensional portion of stromal tissue from the cornea of the eye using a femtosecond laser; andremoving the three-dimensional cut portion of the cornea using forceps so as to create a three-dimensional pocket for receiving the intracorneal implant so that the intracorneal implant does not exert any pressure on the stromal tissue of the cornea, the three-dimensional pocket being formed in a peripheral portion of the cornea between the cornea and the anterior sclera of the eye. 3. The method according to claim 2, further comprising the step of: prior to forming the pocket in the cornea of the eye, bleaching out any peripheral conjunctival capillaries that are present with a low dose of a vasoconstrictive medication and/or a low dose of hyaluronic acid in a fluid in order to make the corneal limbus area transparent prior to applying the femtosecond laser. 4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the three-dimensional pocket formed in the peripheral portion of the cornea extends between 1 degree and 360 degrees around the corneal periphery, and the three-dimensional pocket is located at predetermined distance from the Bowman's membrane of the cornea of the eye, and the three-dimensional pocket has a width between approximately 1 millimeters and approximately 4 millimeters, inclusive. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of forming a pocket in the cornea of the eye further comprises: forming one or two incisions in the stromal tissue of the cornea of the eye using a femtosecond laser; andusing a curved probe to separate a remaining corneal adhesion between walls of the incisions so as to create a three-dimensional pocket for the application of the photosensitizer. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the step of applying the photosensitizer comprises injecting the photosensitizer inside the three-dimensional pocket using a needle such that the photosensitizer penetrates at least 20 microns beyond a wall of the three-dimensional pocket in the stromal tissue of the cornea, the photosensitizer comprising riboflavin. 7. The method according to claim 6, further comprising the step of: injecting 0.01 milliliters to 0.1 milliliters of a 0.02 to 2% lidocaine or bupivacaine solution alone or together with the photosensitizer so as to anesthetize the cornea for between 10 to 15 hours, thereby eliminating a pain sensation or discomfort during the surgical procedure. 8. The method according to claim 5, wherein the step of applying the photosensitizer comprises applying the photosensitizer in drop form to the epithelium or denuded epithelium of the cornea, the photosensitizer comprising riboflavin at a concentration of 1-2% in a physiological solution that additionally includes dextran, hyaluronic acid, or chondroitin sulfate; wherein the step of irradiating the cornea so as to activate cross-linkers in the portion of the tissue surrounding the pocket comprises irradiating the cornea with ultraviolet light from outside the cornea; andwherein the method further comprises the step of waiting for a period of 3 to 4 weeks prior to inserting the intracorneal implant comprising the pressure sensor into the pocket. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of creating a pocket in the cornea of the eye further comprises forming a circular-shaped pocket, a semi-circular-shaped pocket, a C-shaped pocket, a doughnut-shaped pocket, or a rectangular-shaped pocket in the cornea of the eye, and removing the tissue inside the circular-shaped pocket, the semi-circular-shaped pocket, the C-shaped pocket, the doughnut-shaped pocket, or the rectangular-shaped pocket. 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of irradiating the cornea so as to activate cross-linkers in the portion of the tissue surrounding the pocket comprises irradiating the cornea with ultraviolet light, another wavelength of light, microwaves, or combinations thereof. 11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of irradiating the cornea so as to activate cross-linkers in the portion of the tissue surrounding the pocket comprises inserting a fiber optic into the pocket and irradiating the cornea with light emitted from the fiber optic so as to activate the cross-linkers in the portion of the tissue surrounding the pocket. 12. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of irradiating the cornea so as to activate cross-linkers in the portion of the tissue surrounding the pocket comprises irradiating the cornea from outside the eye. 13. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of: prior to the insertion of the intracorneal implant into the pocket, injecting a predetermined amount of hyaluronic acid or a viscous biocompatible material into the pocket so as to simplify the insertion of the intracorneal implant in the pocket. 14. The method according to claim 1, wherein the intracorneal implant further comprises a needle and the pressure sensor of the intracorneal implant comprises a capacitor; and wherein the method further comprises the step of: penetrating a posterior portion of the cornea using the needle, an open end of the needle opening into the anterior chamber of the eye so as to measure the intraocular pressure of the eye without obstructing vision through the central cornea of the eye. 15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the needle of the intracorneal implant is a 23-34 gauge needle with the pressure sensor disposed inside the needle; and wherein the needle is disposed generally perpendicularly with respect to a body portion of the intracorneal implant and the needle has a length that is less than 500 microns and a diameter that is less than 200 microns. 16. The method according to claim 1, wherein the intracorneal implant further comprises an antenna; and wherein the method further comprises the step of: transmitting intraocular pressure data acquired by the pressure sensor wirelessly to a remote receiver located outside of the eye. 17. The method according to claim 16, wherein the remote receiver is located on an eyeglass frame of the patient; and wherein the method further comprises the step of: continuously receiving the intraocular pressure data transmitted by the antenna of the intracorneal implant at the remote receiver during a period of time selected from the group consisting of weeks, months, and years. 18. The method according to claim 16, further comprising the step of: after receiving the intraocular pressure data at the remote receiver, further transmitting the intraocular pressure data to a remote computing device for processing and analyzing the intraocular pressure data. 19. The method according to claim 1, further comprising, prior to inserting the intracorneal implant with the pressure sensor into the pocket, the steps of: coating an outer surface of the intracorneal implant with an organic polymer configured to absorb the photosensitizer;immersing the intracorneal implant in a biocompatible solution comprising the photosensitizer so that the photosensitizer is able to diffuse out of the organic polymer coating of the intracorneal implant after the intracorneal implant is inserted into the pocket; andafter the intracorneal implant is inserted into the pocket, irradiating the cornea so as to activate cross-linkers in the portion of the tissue surrounding the pocket, and thereby stiffen a wall of the pocket and kill cells in the portion of the tissue surrounding the pocket. 20. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of: after the implantation of the intracorneal implant, applying the photosensitizer one or more additional times inside the space between the intracorneal implant and the surrounding corneal tissue by injecting the photosensitizer inside the space between the intracorneal implant and the surrounding corneal tissue using a 33 gauge needle, and irradiating the cornea one or more additional times with ultraviolet radiation to cross-link the tissue surrounding the intracorneal implant so as to prevent encapsulation of the intracorneal implant and cellular migration towards the intracorneal implant. 21. The method according to claim 20, wherein the intracorneal implant further comprises an antenna, a radio frequency generator, and a needle containing the pressure sensor; and wherein the step of inserting the intracorneal implant into the pocket further comprises:placing the antenna of the intracorneal implant into the cross-linked pocket;placing the radio frequency generator and the pressure sensor into the cross-linked pocket;connecting the radio frequency generator and the pressure sensor to the antenna; andpushing the needle with the pressure sensor into the anterior chamber of the eye so that the pressure sensor is capable of measuring the intraocular pressure directly in a continuous manner. 22. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: taking a first measurement of the intraocular pressure of the eye of the patient using the pressure sensor of the intracorneal implant disposed in the cross-linked pocket at a periphery of the cornea;taking a second measurement of the intraocular pressure of the eye using a Goldmann applanation tonometer placed on a central portion of the outer cornea surface; andcomparing the first measurement of the intraocular pressure determined using the pressure sensor of the intracorneal implant to the second measurement of the intraocular pressure determined using the Goldmann applanation tonometer in order to validate the accuracy of the pressure sensor of the intracorneal implant.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (24)
Peyman,Gholam A., Adjustable inlay with multizone polymerization.
Hammer Mark E. ; Charles Steven T. ; Lang John C. ; Lochhead Robert Y. ; Mathias Lon J., In vivo polymerizable ophthalmic compositions and methods of using.
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