초록 ▼

An apparatus and method for specialized shaped charges that perforate similar sized diameter holes regardless of the fluid gaps between the shaped charge and the casing wall. Shaped charges having three conical or frusto-conical liner sections are disclosed, where the apex liner section has a larger

An apparatus and method for specialized shaped charges that perforate similar sized diameter holes regardless of the fluid gaps between the shaped charge and the casing wall. Shaped charges having three conical or frusto-conical liner sections are disclosed, where the apex liner section has a larger conical angle than the outer liner section are disclosed.

대표청구항 ▼

1. A shaped charge liner comprising: an axis;a first section having a substantially conical shape, a first inner surface, a lowermost apex, and a first cortical angle respective to the first inner surface;a second section having a substantially frusto-conical shape, a second inner surface, and a sec

1. A shaped charge liner comprising: an axis;a first section having a substantially conical shape, a first inner surface, a lowermost apex, and a first cortical angle respective to the first inner surface;a second section having a substantially frusto-conical shape, a second inner surface, and a second conical angle respective to the second inner surface;a third section having a substantially frusto-conical shape, a third inner surface, a top surface perpendicular to the axis, and a third conical angle respective to the third inner surface;wherein the first section, second section and third section are axially aligned about the axis, the second conical angle is larger than the first conical angle, the second conical angle is larger than the third conical angle, and the first conical angle is larger than or equal to the third conical angle;a total height, wherein the total height is measured from the apex of the first section along the axis to a plane perpendicular to the top surface. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first conical angle is between 44 and 52 degrees. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second conical angle is between 56 and 58 degrees. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the third conical angle is between 44 and 54 degrees. 5. The apparatus of claim 1, having a first angle break where the first section and second section intersect and having a second angle break where the second section and the third section intersect. 6. The apparatus of claim 5, having a first height measured along the axis from the lowermost apex to a plane perpendicular to the first angle break and having a second height measured along the axis from the lowermost apex to a plane perpendicular to the second angle break. 7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the first height is between 26 and 34 percent of the total height. 8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the second height is between 70 and 73 percent of the total height. 9. A shaped charge comprising: a case;explosive material;a liner further comprising:an axis;a first section having a substantially conical shape, a first inner surface, a lowermost apex, and a first conical angle respective to the first inner surface;a second section having a substantially frusto-conical shape, a second inner surface, and a second conical angle respective to the second inner surface;a third section having a substantially frusto-conical shape, a third inner surface, a top surface perpendicular to the axis, and a third conical angle respective to the third inner surface;wherein the first section, second section and third section are axially aligned about the axis, the second conical angle is larger than the first conical angle, the second conical angle is larger than the third conical angle, and the first conical angle is larger than or equal to the third conical angle;a total height, wherein the total height is measured from the lowermost apex of the first section along the axis to a plane perpendicular to the top surface. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the first conical angle is between 44 and 52 degrees. 11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the second conical angle is between 56 and 58 degrees. 12. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the third conical angle is between 44 and 54 degrees. 13. The apparatus of claim 9, having a first angle break where the first section and second section intersect, and having a second angle break where the second section and the third section intersect. 14. The apparatus of claim 13, having a first height measured along the axis from the lowermost apex to a plane perpendicular to the first angle break, and having a second height measured along the axis from the lowermost apex to a plane perpendicular to the second angle break. 15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the first height is between 26 and 34 percent of the total height. 16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the second height is between 70 and 73 percent of the total height.