보고서 정보
주관연구기관 |
한국원자력연구소 Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute |
연구책임자 |
이창우
|
참여연구자 |
조영현
,
이명호
,
최근식
,
정근호
,
이완로
,
임광욱
,
박효국
,
박두원
,
홍광희
,
김미경
,
이행필
|
보고서유형 | 최종보고서 |
발행국가 | 대한민국 |
언어 |
한국어
|
발행년월 | 2003-03 |
과제시작연도 |
2002 |
주관부처 |
과학기술부 |
사업 관리 기관 |
한국과학재단 Korea Science and Engineering Foundtion |
등록번호 |
TRKO200900073340 |
과제고유번호 |
1350003747 |
사업명 |
원자력연구개발중장기계획사업(기금포함) |
DB 구축일자 |
2013-04-18
|
초록
▼
환경방사능 분석.감시 기술자립 및 환경방사능 거동해석 평가기술 수립을 위해 수행한 연구내용은 다음과 같다.
1.난분석 방사성핵종 분석기술 개발
가.환경방사능 화학적 동시분리기술 개발
(1)환경시료 중 난분석핵종 동시분리기술 현황
(2)환경시료 중 난분석 핵종 동시분리기술 수립
(3)난분석핵종 동시분리 기술 수립 결과
나.동시분리 분석기술의 환경시료 적용체계 수립
(1)토양시료에 동시분리 분석기술 적용
(가)환경시료 난분석핵종 동시분리 절차 확립
(나)기
환경방사능 분석.감시 기술자립 및 환경방사능 거동해석 평가기술 수립을 위해 수행한 연구내용은 다음과 같다.
1.난분석 방사성핵종 분석기술 개발
가.환경방사능 화학적 동시분리기술 개발
(1)환경시료 중 난분석핵종 동시분리기술 현황
(2)환경시료 중 난분석 핵종 동시분리기술 수립
(3)난분석핵종 동시분리 기술 수립 결과
나.동시분리 분석기술의 환경시료 적용체계 수립
(1)토양시료에 동시분리 분석기술 적용
(가)환경시료 난분석핵종 동시분리 절차 확립
(나)기준시료을 이용한 동시분리 분석기술 검증
(다)동시분리 분석기술의 환경시료에 적용
(2)알파 등 베타 방출핵종 계측효율 결정
(가)알파스펙트로메트리 계측효율 결정
(나)액체섬광계수법과 기체비례계수법에 대한 Sr-90 측정
2.현장부석용 분석시스템 개발
가.휴대용 베타방사능 분석모듈 제작
(1)Coincidence 계측 및 Data처리 기술 개발
(2)정전압공급장치 및 ADC 제작
(3)신호변동 최소화 최적모듈 제작
나.휴대용분석기 현장적용기술 개발
(1)방사성 검축기 제작
(2)모의 시료를 이용한 성능 검토
(3)소형시스템 제작
3.방사성핵종 질량부석기술 개발
가.고분해능질량분석기를 이용한 Tc-99 분석 기술 개발
(1)전처리 기술 및 분석조건 최적화
(2)환경 중 백그라운드 준위 측정
(3)토양시료에 대한 Tc-99 질량 분석
나.질량분석기를 이용한 I-129 분석기술 수립
(1)생체 시료 분석을 위한 전처리 장치 제작 (123)
(2)생체 시료 중의 Iodine 분석을 위한 전처리 절차 (123)
(3)생체 시료 중의 Iodine 분석 (123)
4.환경중 핵종거동 특성 규명
가.토양 휴밀물질의 추출 및 정제 기술 개발
(1)휴믹.풀빅산 추출 및 정제 기술 최적화
(2)휴믹.풀빅산 추출 및 정제 절차 수립
Abstract
▼
The research area deals with the reliable determination of the hard-to-measure radionuc1 ides (RNs) in environmental samples, and an improved understanding of the role of humic substances for the radionuclides transport in the geosphere. The research subjects are as follow:
1 . Development of de
The research area deals with the reliable determination of the hard-to-measure radionuc1 ides (RNs) in environmental samples, and an improved understanding of the role of humic substances for the radionuclides transport in the geosphere. The research subjects are as follow:
1 . Development of determination method of the hard-to-measure radionuclides
The determination of low levels of fallout hard-to-measure radionuclides such as $^{90}$Sr, $^{241}$Am and Pu isotopes requires lengthy and tedious chemical processes, which include techniques such as ion exchange, liquid-liquid extraction, and precipitation for separating and preconcentrating the nuclides. In some cases, the sample material available for analysis is not infinite in number so that a radiochemical method is necessary by which Sr, Pu, Am, Th and U can be separated from one sample and determined in sequence. Also, in an emergency situation a rapid and reliable analytical method of radionuclides is desirable. In order to reduce the analysis cost and turnaround time in conventional methods, a simultaneous method to determine $^{90}$Sr, $^{241}$Am and Pu nuclides in environmental samples have become increasingly important. In this study, an extraction chromatography method using anion exchange resin and Sr Spec resin was developed for rapidly and reliably determining low levels of $^{90}$Sr, $^{241}$Am and Pu isotopes in environmental samples. The developed analytical method for $^{90}$Sr, $^{241}$Am and Pu isotopes was validated by application to IAEA- Reference soils and successfully applied to the soil samples.
2. Development of portable scintillation computer system for the field measurement
The portable scintillation counter system was developed for the analysis of bata-emitting uncliders such as Sr-90 in the field. This system consists of ion chromatography part, coincidence system. ADV converter, data treatment part and stable power supply. The performance test of this system was conducted using the artificially prepared samples which composed of alkali-earth metals including of Sr-90 spiked source. The test results showed that Sr-90 was clearly separated and measured in the optimized conditions using thid portable system.
3. Development of analysis techniques of radionuclides using ICP-MS
The determination of $^{99}$Tc in environmental samples is rather difficult due to its very low concentration as well as the relatively low energy of the particle (E$_{max}$ = 292 keV) and its long half-life (2.12 x 10$^5$ years). Therefore, to detect $^{99}$Tc it is essential to separate $^{99}$Tc free from the foreign radionuclides and matrix elements. Many different analytical methods for the determination of $^{99}$Tc are described in the literature. The conventional methods for the determination of $^{99}$Tc need chemical separation and purification of $^{99}$Tc from a large volume of sample, and a long-time measurement using a low-background gas flow proportional counter or a liquid scintillation counting, However, at very low levels of $^{99}$Tc in environmental samples and in presence of much higher concentrations of interfering radionuclides, for example, soil samples, it is very difficult to determine $^{99}$Tc by conventional methods with reliablity
Recently, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has been applied to the determination of $^{99}$Tc in environmental samples. However, in soil samples, for determination of $^{99}$Tc by ICP-MS the chemical separation and purification of Tc from Ru is very important, because Ru has an isotopic abundance of 12.7 % at mass 99 which interferes with Tc counting by ICP-MS, though stable Ru does not disturb measurements of $^{99}$Tc with radiation counting methods. In this study, the improved analysis techniques of $^{99}$Tc by ICP-MS was develop to be able to complete separation of $^{99}$Tc from Ru isotopes and other elements
4. The understanding of the role of humic substances on the transport of radionuclides
The humic substances may play an important role in the transport of radionuclides through the geosphere because of their ability to form complexes, to particpate in redox reactions and to sorb onto solid surfaces. For the assesment of the migration behavior of the radionuclides in the natural systems, knowledge of the nature of humic subtances and their complexation behavior are required. Therefore, the characterization of humic substances from different origins have been carried out regarding their elemental composition, proton exchange capacty, size distribution, spectroscopicproperties ( IR, UV- Vis. , C- 13 NMR, Fluorescence) . Humic and fulvic acds were extracted, based on the IHSS procedure, from the soils sampled in the around nuclear power plant and the volcanic soils.
The complexation of Eu (III) and UO$_2$(II) with a soil fulvic acid(FA) has been studied by different experimental methods, i.e. synchronous fluorescence (SyF) spectroscopy and time-resolved laser fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS). The series of SyF quenching spectra of FA solutions were obtained by increasing Eu (III) concentration and keeping the FA concentration constant. The emission spectra of Eu (III) bound to FA were also measured by TRLFS system using the same solution right after measurements of the SyF spectra. The SyF spectral data were firstly analyzed by means of the self-modeling mixture analysis techniques, to obtain information about the number of discrete binding sites in the Eu (III)-fulvate equilibrium system. By the analysis of the intensity profiles of the SyF spectra using a non-linear least-squares method, the concentration of binding sites of FA accessible for Eu (IIl) and the corresponding conditional stability constants were estimated.
The data base was constructed for the characteristic properties of site specific humic substances and its complexation properties for Eu (III) and UO$_2$(II) ions. Information could be useful in modeling europium (actinides) transport in nuclear waste repositories.
목차 Contents
- 제1장 연구개발과제의 개요...24
- 제1절 연구개발의 목적 및 필요성...24
- 제2절 연구개발의 내용 및 범위...27
- 제2장 국내.외 기술개발 현황...29
- 제1절 난분석 방사성핵종 분석기술 개발...29
- 제2절 환경중 핵종거동 특성 규명...36
- 제3장 연구개발 수행내용 및 결과...41
- 제1절 난분석 방사성핵종 분석기술 개발...41
- 제2절 현장분석용 분석시스템 개발...63
- 제3절 방사성핵종 질량분석기술 개발...83
- 제4절 환경중 핵종거동 특성 규명...100
- 제4장 연구개발 목표 달성도 및 대외 기여도...175
- 제5장 연구개발 결과의 활용계획...177
- 제6장 참고문헌...179
- 부록...185
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.