초록 ▼

1. 덩굴식물류를 이용한 오염지 복원 및 적용
식물의 생리적 특성 및 엽 구조 분석
덩굴식물류의 활력도와 정화능력 분석
환경오염지역 산림의 식물조사와 생육환경 및 토양 환경 분석
수목의 피해 수준 분석을 통해 내성 수준에 따른 수목 선정 및 증식
항산화 반응 분석을 통한 내성 평가
2. 환경오염 내성식물의 생리.생태적 특성 구명
항산화 반응 분석을 통한 내성 평가
내성 수준에 따른 수목을 선정하고 증식하여 수목의 피해 수준 분석
오염지 자생식물의 생리.생태적 특성 분석하고 대조구와 비

1. 덩굴식물류를 이용한 오염지 복원 및 적용
식물의 생리적 특성 및 엽 구조 분석
덩굴식물류의 활력도와 정화능력 분석
환경오염지역 산림의 식물조사와 생육환경 및 토양 환경 분석
수목의 피해 수준 분석을 통해 내성 수준에 따른 수목 선정 및 증식
항산화 반응 분석을 통한 내성 평가
2. 환경오염 내성식물의 생리.생태적 특성 구명
항산화 반응 분석을 통한 내성 평가
내성 수준에 따른 수목을 선정하고 증식하여 수목의 피해 수준 분석
오염지 자생식물의 생리.생태적 특성 분석하고 대조구와 비교하여 생육상황 및 생장량 조사
수목의 스트레스 내성 고정 효과를 분석하고 스트레스에 따른 물질 배분 패턴 분석하여 스트레스 내성 표지자를 선정
3. 항산화계를 이용한 스트레스 내성 및 지표 수목의 육성
덩굴식물류를 대기오염 피해지에 식재하여 장기적인 모니터링을 통한 정화효과를 구명하고 훼손지를 복원하는데 이용
주요 환경오염 내성식물의 생리.생태적 특성을 분석하여 입지, 토양, 기상인자를 동시에 고려하는 내성식물의 생육범위 파악
스트레스의 이월효과를 분석하고 내성 표지자의 민감성을 평가
오염지내 내성 및 지표 수종의 탐색 및 육성

Abstract ▼

This studies were carried out to select an environment stress tolerance species for the vegetation restoration of the environment pollution area.
1. Restoration and application with Liana at polluted area
This study was carried out to analyze the growth environment of vines which grow naturall

This studies were carried out to select an environment stress tolerance species for the vegetation restoration of the environment pollution area.
1. Restoration and application with Liana at polluted area
This study was carried out to analyze the growth environment of vines which grow naturally in polluted areas and to conduct a research on their tolerance to heavy metals. It was implemented laboratorial experiments at greenhouse of the scientific forest in Gyeongsang National University, Korea: the plant species investigated were Parthenocissus tricuspidata, Lonicera japonica and Trachelospermum asiaticum. Heavy metals of As, Cd, Pb were treated in 10kg soil and EDTA was treated to 5, 10, 20 groups and controls. The their growth were examined 4 times from May to October, and the heavy metal absorption capabilities, soil chemical properties and heavy metal remaining of soils were investigated dividing into the beginning and the end of experiments. The another experiments were to analyze soil and vines growing at the vicinity of Onsan Industrial Complex in Ulsan city, Korea which is now thought as one of serious air pollution areas.
Chemical properties of the soil treated by each heavy metal were shown to positive correlation in the treated group, comparing with EDTA control. In heavy metals in soil, Cd and Pb were decreased after the end of experiment, while As was increased in soil. Those results can be considered that Cd and Pb are absorbed into plants by combining with EDTA as positive ions, while As as a negative ion. And pH is also an important factor from the point of heavy metal absorption, and the higher pH value is, the fewer heavy metal remaining soil includes. The heavy metal accumulation capability for As and Cd was shown to be the highest in Lonicera japonica, followed by Parthenocissus tricuspidata and Trachelospermum asiaticum, and it was observed to have the similar accumulation capability for Pb on three species. In each part of the plants, the heavy metal accumulation capability was examined to be high in the order of root>leaf>stem.
As results of analyses on the soil and plants in polluted areas, the soil where Lonicera japonica growing had the fewest heavy metal remaining, the overall heavy metal accumulation capability for As, Cd, and Pb was observed to be high in the order of Lonicera japonica>Ampelopsis brevipedunculata>Cocculus trilobus, and it showed a greater accumulation capability in leaves and roots. The application of vines is considered to have a significant effect for restoring polluted areas. The content of Chlorophyll was also observed to be high in Lonicera japonica and to be low in Ampelopsis brevipedunculata. Consequently, Lonicera japonica is expected to grow well even in polluted areas and this can be used as a plant to restore the vegetation of polluted areas.
2. Analysis on the physiological and ecological characteristics of environmental pollution tolerant plant
Vegetation structure of some forest in Onsan industrial region and abandoned coal mine lands region were investigated to provide basic information on vegetation rehabilitation. At, Onsan industrial regions, 9, 24 and 36 species appeared in upper, middle and lower layer, respectively. Importance value of Pinus thunbergii was the highest in upper layer and them of Rhus trichocarpa, Styrax japonica, and Quercus serrata were higher in middle layer. In lower layer, lians spp. showed higher importance value. Number of species, species diversity, maximum species diversity, evenness and dominance of woody plants at upper and middle layer were higher in forest regions than industrial regions, but those of lower layer highly showed at industrial region and the ration of liana spp. in upper layer were high. At abandoned coal mine lands, the middle and lower layer consisted of 3 and 10 species for Samchang, 2 and 5 species for Bongmyeong, 7 and 11 species for Kabjeong, 9 and 12 species for Danbong coal mine, respectivelyImportance value of Lespedeza crytobotrya in lower layer was the highest for Samchang, and that of Rubus crataegifolius in other abandoned coal mine lands was the highest. Importance value in herbaceous layer was the highest for Arundinella hirta in Samchang, for Corchoropsis tomentosa in Bongmyeong, for Miscanthus sinensis in Kabjeong, for Carex lanceolata and Artemisia princeps var. orientalis in Danbong cola mines, and Calamagrostis arundinacea in control site was the highest. Species diversity of middle and lower layer for four coal mine lands ranged from 0.201 to 0.666 and 0.612 to 0.895, respectively.
Heavy metal content(As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn) of forest soil and of Lonicera japonica and to understand the correlation in contents of heavy metal between forest soil and L. japonica near the Onsan industrial region were researched. The contents pf As. Cd. Cr. Cu. Pb and Zn were higher in industrial region than in forest regions, but Fe, Mn and NI content wes higher in forest regions than in the industrial region. Among, heavy metals, the content od Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in leaf, stem and root of L. japonica growing near industrial regions was significantly higher than in forest regions. The content of As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in L. japonica tissues showed a positive and negative correlation with those in forest soils. It was concluded that L. japonica could be used in heavy metal(Cd. Cu. Pb. Zn) decontamination of forest soils of industrial regions, Chemical properties and heavy metal concentration of forest soil of four abandoned coal mine lands were investigated. Soil pH in abandoned coal mine lands ranged from 5.30 to 6.76 and contents of organic matter and total N in abandoned coal mine lands were 4.46~7.19% and 0.07~0.15%, respectively. Available P contents were 6.54mg/kg, for Samchang, 6.52mg/kg for Bongmyeong, 3.94 for Kabjeong, 5.45mg/kg for Danbong, which has a positive correlation with soil pH. Heavy metals such as Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn of forest soil in abandoned coal mine lands have a larger content than those of the control site. Al. Mn, and Pb contents were especially high in abandoned coal mine lands.
3. Development of tolerance and indicator tree species using antioxidant system
To develop the tolerance and indicator tree species for environmental stresses using antioxidative system, we tried to select an excellent restoration materials through identifying the physiological characteristics and evaluating the phytoremediation ability on the pioneer tree species in abandoned mine land.
At first, to identify physiological characteristics on pioneer tree species in the abandoned mine land, chlorophyll a fluorescence, chlorophyll and carotenoid content and antioxidant enzyme activity in leaves of Alnus firma Sieb. et Zucc, which was the pioneer tree species, were investigated at different vitality and leaf development stage of A. firma under tailing condition. The lowest maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) in leaves of high- and low-vitality plants were observed at 12:00 pm and 2:00 pm, respectively, and the decrease of Fv/Fm in leaves of all plants were almost completely restored at 6:00 pm. Fv/Fm of full-expansion leaves was higher than that of emergence leaves at all measurement time. Chlorophyll, $\beta$-carotene and xanthophyll content in leaves of high-vitality plants and in full-expansion leaves were higher when compared to those of low-vitality plants and emergence leaves. Especially xanthophyll contents in both stage leaves of high-vitality plants were higher than 8.7 times and 18.8 times those of low-vitality plants. Only SOD activity was seen significant difference between leaf stage in leaves of high-vitality plants.
In addition, to elucidate the relation of leaf development stage and antioxidative function in leaves of Aluns firma Sieb. et Zucc. growing at polluted area, we investigated seasonal changes of pigment content and antioxidant enzyme activities from January to June. In abandoned mine and industrial complex area, antioxidant function against stress of trees was changed with leaf expansion and antioxidant activity in leaves was highest in June. Among antioxidants, carotenoid, SOD and CAT were correlated with seasonal change. Carotenoid and SOD represented positive correlation but CAT negative correlation with leaf development. APX and CAT, which remove $H_2O_2$, had complementary function in antioxidant system. The lowest antioxidant activity was observed in April, and the damage level in leaves, shown as MDA content, was also lowest in April.
Finally, to use pioneer tree species for restoration and revegetation of forest soil contaminated by heavy metals, we investigated phytoremediation ability on six tree species i.e. Salix purpurea var. japonica, S. koreensis, S. pseudo-lasiogyne, Chosenia bracteosa and S. hulteni, and Populus $\times$tomentoglandulosa as a control. Cuttings of six species were treated with 1mM $CdSO_4$ solution and 4mM $ZnSO_4$ solution for 4 months. At the end of treatment, Cd and Zn content were analyzed in leaf, stem and root of six species, and to assess the physiological characteristics, transpiration rate and thiol content were measured or analyzed in the leaves. Salix hulteni, which was pioneer species on the abandoned mine land, showed highest Cd accumulation in leaf (140mg $kg^{-1}$), stem (102mg $kg^{-1}$) and root (656mg $kg^{-1}$) in comparison with other tree species, and their Zn accumulation was also highest in leaf (1337mg $kg^{-1}$), stem (667mg $kg^{-1}$) and root (1977mg $kg^{-1}$) when compared to other tree species. Transpiration rates of S. hulteni were 2.5 mmol $H_2O$ $m^{-2}s^{-1}$ and 1.5 mmol $H_2O$ $m^{-2}s^{-1}$ under Cd and Zn treatment, which was higher level when compared to that of other species. In addition, thiol content in the leaves of S. hulteni increased up to 69.2% and 50.6% of control under Cd and Zn treatment, respectively. In conclusion, high Cd and Zn accumulation of S. hulteni might be associated with the higher transpiration rate and thiol content in the leaves, and S. hulteni was considered as a feasible material for restoration and revegetation of the abandoned mine land.

목차 Contents

• 표지...1
• 제출문...3
• 요약문...5
• SUMMARY...9
• 목차...21
• 제 1장. 연구개발과제의 개요...27
• 제 1절. 연구개발의 목적...27
• 제 2절. 연구개발의 필요성...27
• 1. 기술적 측면...27
• 2. 경제.산업적 측면...27
• 3. 사회.문화적 측면...28
• 제 3절. 연구개발의 범위...28
• 1. 덩굴식물류를 이용한 오염지 복원 및 적용...28
• 2. 환경오염 내성식물의 생리.생태적 특성 구명...28
• 3. 항산화계를 이용한 스트레스 내성 및 지표 수목의 육성...29
• 제 2장. 국내외 기술개발 현황...30
• 제 1절. 우리나라의 기술개발 현황 및 개발수준...30
• 제 2절. 외국의 기술개발 현황 및 개발수준...30
• 제 3절. 앞으로의 전망...30
• 제 3장. 연구개발 수행 내용 및 결과...32
• 제 1절. 덩굴식물류를 이용한 오염지 복원 및 적용...32
• 1. 덩굴식물의 생육환경 분석...32
• 가. 연구수행 방법...32
• 1) 토양환경 분석...32
• 2) 토양의 중금속 함량 분석...32
• 3) 식물체 내 중금속 함량분석...32
• 나. 연구수행 결과...33
• 1) 시험조사 지역...33
• 2) 토양분석...34
• 3) 식물체 분석...37
• 4) 덩굴식물의 중금속 축적능력...43
• 5) 중금속간의 상관분석...45
• 2. 오염지 덩굴식물류의 생장 특성 구명...46
• 가. 연구수행 방법...46
• 1) 토양환경 분석...46
• 2) 토양의 중금속 함량 분석...46
• 3) 식물체 내 중금속 함량 분석...46
• 나. 연구수행 결과...47
• 1) 시험조사 지역...47
• 2) 토양분석...47
• 3) 식물체 분석...49
• 4) 덩굴식물의 중금속 축적능력...52
• 5) 식물체의 오존 반응 분석...54
• 3. 덩굴식물류의 내성수종 탐색...60
• 가. 연구수행 방법...60
• 1) 실내시험...60
• 2) 오염지역...62
• 3) 토양환경 분석...62
• 4) 토양의 중금속 함량 분석...62
• 5) 식물체 내 중금속 함량 분석...62
• 나. 연구수행 결과...63
• 1) 시험조사 지역...63
• 2) 실내 시험지의 토양 분석...62
• 3) 실내 시험지의 식물체 분석...70
• 4) 오염지역의 토양 분석...91
• 4. 적 요...96
• 제 2절. 환경오염 내성식물의 생리.생태적 특성 구명...97
• 1. 환경오염지역 산림의 실태...97
• 가. 연구수행 방법...97
• 1) 환경오염지역 산림의 식생구조 조사...97
• 2) 환경오염지역 산림의 생육환경 분석...97
• 3) 환경오염지역 산림의 토양환경 분석...97
• 나. 연구수행 결과...98
• 1) 환경오염지역 산림의 식생구조...98
• 2) 환경오염지역 산림의 생육환경...114
• 3) 환경오염지역 산림의 토양환경...114
• 2. 환경오염지 내 자생식물의 생리.생태적 특성 구명...119
• 가. 연구수행 방법...119
• 1) 환경오염지 자생식물의 생리.생태적 특성...119
• 2) 오염지 자생식물의 생육상황 및 생장량 조사...119
• 나. 연구수행 결과...120
• 1) 공단지역...120
• 2) 폐탄광지역...127
• 3) 환경오염지 자생식물의 생육상황 및 생장량...129
• 3. 입지조건에 따른 환경오염 내성식물의 생리.생태적 특성 분석...132
• 가. 연구수행 방법...132
• 1) 환경오염 내성식물의 생리.생태적 특성 분석...132
• 2) 입지, 토양. 기상인자를 동시에 고려하는 내성식물의 생육범위 파악...132
• 나. 연구수행 결과...132
• 1) 환경오염 내성식물의 생리.생태적 특성...132
• 2) 입지, 토양. 기상인자를 동시에 고려하는 내성식물의 생육범위 파악...136
• 4. 적요...137
• 제 3절. 항산화계를 이용한 스트레스 내성 및 지표 수목의 육성...139
• 1. 오염지내 수목의 내성 판정 및 수종 선정...139
• 가. 연구 수행 방법...139
• 1) 수목의 피해 수준 분석...139
• 2) 항산화 반응 분석을 통한 내성 평가...140
• 나. 연구 수행 결과...141
• 1) 수목의 피해 수준 분석...141
• 2) 항산화 반응 분석을 통한 내성 평가...145
• 2. 스트레스 내성 표지자 개발...149
• 가. 연구 수행 방법...149
• 1) 수목의 스트레스 내성 고정 효과 분석...149
• 2) 스트레스에 따른 물질 배분 패턴 분석...149
• 3) 분석용 스트레스 내성 표지자의 선정...150
• 나. 연구 수행 결과...153
• 1) 수목의 스트레스 내성 고정 효과 분석...153
• 2) 스트레스에 따른 물질 배분 패턴 분석...156
• 3) 분석용 스트레스 내성 표지자의 선정...159
• 3. 스트레스 내성 표지자를 이용한 수종 개발...165
• 가. 연구 수행 방법...165
• 1) 스트레스의 이월 효과 분석...165
• 2) 스트레스 내성 표지자의 민감성 평가...165
• 3) 오염지내 내성 및 지표 수종의 탐색 및 육성...166
• 나. 연구 수행 결과...169
• 1) 스트레스의 이월 효과 분석...169
• 2) 스트레스 내성 표지자의 민감성 평가...170
• 3) 오염지내 내성 및 지표 수종의 탐색 및 육성...174
• 4. 적요...180
• 제 4장. 목표 달성도 및 관련분야에의 기여도...182
• 제 1절. 덩굴식물류를 이용한 오염지 복원 및 적용...182
• 1. 덩굴식물의 생육환경 분석...182
• 2. 오염지 덩굴식물류의 생장 특성 구명...182
• 3. 오염지 복원을 위한 덩굴식물류의 현지시험...182
• 제 2절. 환경오염 내성식물의 생리.생태적 특성 구명...183
• 1. 환경오염지역 산림의 실태...183
• 2. 환경오염지 내 자생식물의 생리.생태적 특성 구명...183
• 3. 입지조건에 따른 환경오염 내성식물의 생리.생태적 특성 분석...183
• 제 3절. 항산화계를 이용한 스트레스 내성 및 지표 수목의 육성...184
• 1. 오염지내 수목의 내성 판정 및 수종 선정...184
• 2. 스트레스 내성 표지자 개발...184
• 3. 스트레스 내성 표지자를 이용한 수종 개발...184
• 제 5장. 연구개발결과의 활용계획...186
• 제 1절. 기술적 측면...186
• 제 2절. 경제, 산업적 측면...186
• 제 3절. 기대효과...186
• 제 6장. 참고문헌...187