[보고서]지진감시기술 지원 및 활용 연구(II)

전영수

보고서 정보

주관연구기관

국립기상연구소

연구책임자

전영수

참여연구자

류상범 , 조천호 , 박순천 , 이영균 , 강혜선 , 공민경 , 윤원영 , 박은희

보고서유형

최종보고서

발행국가

대한민국

언어

한국어

발행년월

2010-12

과제시작연도

2010

주관부처

기상청

사업 관리 기관

기상청
Korea Meteorological Administration

등록번호

TRKO201100006121

과제고유번호

1365000999

사업명

지진감시기술지원및활용연구

DB 구축일자

2013-04-18

표 Fig. 2.1.1. Geometry of propagation of plane wave.
표 Fig. 2.1.2. Scheme of Beam for array data with time delay.
표 Fig. 2.1.3. Seismic observation environment of JJU broad-band station.
표 Fig. 2.1.4. H/V spectral ratio of microtremor records at JJU station.
표 Fig. 2.1.5. Horizontal perturbation of H/V spectral ratio at JJU station.
표 Fig. 2.1.6. Spectral amplitude of 3 component microtremors at JJU station(EW, NS and UD).
표 Fig. 2.1.7. Seismic observation environment of KOHB broad-band station.
표 Fig. 2.1.8. H/V spectral ratio of microtremor records at KOHB station.
표 Fig. 2.1.9. Horizontal perturbation of H/V spectral ratio at KOHB station.
표 Fig. 2.1.10. Spectral amplitude of 3 component microtremors at KOHB station.
표 Fig. 2.1.11. Seismic observation environment of MAS short-period station.
표 Fig. 2.1.12. H/V spectral ratio of microtremor records at MAS station.
표 Fig. 2.1.14. Spectral amplitude of 3 component microtremors at MAS station.
표 Fig. 2.1.13. Horizontal perturbation of H/V spectral ratio at MAS station.
표 Fig. 2.1.15. Seismic observation environment of TOY short-period station.
표 Fig. 2.1.16. H/V spectral ratio of microtremor records at TOY station.
표 Fig. 2.1.17. Horizontal perturbation of H/V spectral ratio at TOY station.
표 Fig. 2.1.18. Spectral amplitude of 3 component microtremors at TOY station.
표 Fig. 2.1.19. Spatial distribution of the thickness of sedimentary layer.
표 Fig. 2.1.20. Seismic observation environment of KCH accelerometer station.
표 Fig. 2.1.21. H/V spectral ratio of microtremor records at KCH station.
표 Fig. 2.1.22. Horizontal perturbation of H/V spectral ratio at KCH station.
표 Fig. 2.1.23. Spectral amplitude of 3 component microtremors at KCH station.
표 Fig. 2.1.24. Seismic observation environment of MAN accelerometer station.
표 Fig. 2.1.25. H/V spectral ratio of microtremor records at MAN station.
표 Fig. 2.1.26. Horizontal perturbation of H/V spectral ratio at MAN station.
표 Fig. 2.1.27. Spectral amplitude of 3 component microtremors at MAN station.
표 Fig. 2.1.28. Seismic observation environment of JAS accelerometer station.
표 Fig. 2.1.29. H/V spectral ratio of microtremor records at JAS station.
표 Fig. 2.1.30. Horizontal perturbation of H/V spectral ratio at JAS station.
표 Fig. 2.1.31. Spectral amplitude of 3 component microtremors at JAS station.
표 Fig. 2.1.32. Seismic observation environment of HAD accelerometer station.
표 Fig. 2.1.33. H/V spectral ratio of microtremor records at HAD station.
표 Fig. 2.1.34. Horizontal perturbation of H/V spectral ratio at HAD station.
표 Fig. 2.1.35. Spectral amplitude of 3 component microtremors at HAD station.
표 Fig. 2.1.36. Seismic observation environment of KMS accelerometer station.
표 Fig. 2.1.37. Geometry of triangle arrays for measurement of microtremor near KMS station.
표 Fig. 2.1.38. Array transfer function for 15 m array.
표 Fig. 2.1.39. Microtremor data measured by 15 m triangle array.
표 Fig. 2.1.40. Dispersion curve for 15 m triangle array.
표 Fig. 2.1.41. S wave velocity model and calculated dispersion curves.
표 Fig. 2.1.42. H/V spectral ratio of microtremor recorded at KMS station.
표 Fig. 2.1.43. Horizontal perturbation of H/V spectral ratio at KMS station.
표 Fig. 2.1.44. Spectral amplitude of 3 component microtremors at KMS station.
표 Fig. 2.2.1. Gosan Weather Station and the location where portable seismograph was installed.
표 Fig. 2.2.2. Portable seismograph installed at Gosan Weather Station.
표 Fig. 2.2.3. Relative locations of Gosan Weather Station and Gosan Climate Change Observatory.
표 Fig. 2.2.5. Portable seismograph installed at Gosan Climate Change Observatory.
표 Fig. 2.2.4. Gosan Climate Change Observatory and the location where portable seismograph was installed.
표 Fig. 2.2.6. Standard background noise model for KMA seismic stations in islands.
표 Fig. 2.2.7. Horizontal/Vertical component(H/V) ratio.
표 Fig. 2.2.8. Comparison of background noise at the two sites(6000 sec of duration).
표 Fig. 2.2.9. Comparison of noise level at high frequency bands(red boxes).
표 Fig. 2.2.10. Comparison of noise level of microseism(blue boxes).
표 Fig. 2.2.11. Spectra of background noise at Gosan Weather Station.
표 Fig. 2.2.12. Spectra of background noise at Gosan Climate Change Observatory.
표 Fig. 2.2.13. H/V ratio of the two sites. Resonance frequency is about 0.35Hz at both sites.
표 Fig. 2.3.1. Probability Density Function(PDF) of various sources of background noise (McNamara and Buland, 2004).
표 Fig. 2.3.2. Example of background noise analysis result.
표 Fig. 2.3.3. Example of Diurnal variation of PDF.
표 Fig. 2.3.4. Standard background noise model constructed from the mode and minimum of PDF of broad-band station.
표 Fig. 2.3.5. Characteristics of background noise at each frequency band.
표 Fig. 2.3.6. Change of period of double frequency peak as the change of distance from the coast.
표 Fig. 2.3.7. Characteristics of microseism observed at KMA stations.
표 Fig. 2.3.8. Microseism observed at CHC station.
표 Fig. 2.3.9. Double frequency peaks at BAR(Top) and BUS(Bottom) appear at shorter period compare to that of the standard model.
표 Fig. 2.3.10. Double frequency peak at JJU(Top), ULL(Middle) and ULLB(Bottom) show higher noise level compare to the standard model.
표 Fig. 2.3.11. Seasonal change of noise level at long period band(>20).
표 Fig. 2.3.12. Effect of protective case on noise level at long period band.
표 Fig. 2.3.13. Comparison of cultural noise level between surface(top) and borehole(bottom) stations at Ganghwa(a), Yeoncheon(b) and Seohwa(c).
표 Fig. 2.3.14. Differences of noise level at daytime(A) and at night(B).
표 Fig. 2.3.15. Background noise analysis results(top) and the diurnal variation(bottom) at CHC(a) and DAG(b) stations show clear differences in cultual noise level between daytime and night.
표 Fig. 2.3.16. Typical pattern of noise level change generated by car(at around 0.1Hz).
표 Fig. 2.3.17. Example of noise level change at MUS(top) and WAN(bottom) stations(at < 0.1 Hz).
표 Fig. 2.3.18. Change of curtural noise level depends on the distance from road and traffic condition.
표 Fig. 2.3.19. Cultural noise level variation generated by cars.
표 Fig. 2.4.1. Waveforms and spectra of the 2010 Siheung earthquake at SEO station.
표 Fig. 2.4.2. Waveforms of the 2010 Solomon Islands earthquake recorded at BUS station.
표 Fig. 2.4.3. Waveforms of the 2010 Haiti earthquake recorded at SEO station.
표 Fig. 2.4.4. Three component waveforms at SEO station on Feb. 9, 2010.
표 Fig. 2.4.5. Background noise analysis results using 3 component continuous data recorded by old(STS2) and new(CMG3T) seismographs at SEO station.
표 Fig. 2.4.6. Background noise analysis results using 3 component continuous data recorded by old(STS2) and new(CMG3T) seismographs at BUS station.
표 Fig. 2.4.7. Diurnal variations of background noise of 3 component continuous data recorded by old(STS2) and new(CMG3T) seismographs at SEO station.
표 Fig. 2.4.8. Diurnal variations of background noise of 3 component continuous data recorded by old (STS2) and new(CMG3T) seismographs at BUS station.
표 Fig. 2.4.9. Waveform comparisons between old(STS2) and new(CMG3T) seismographs at different period bands.
표 Fig. 2.4.10. Signal to noise(S/N) ratio changes depend on period.
표 Fig. 3.1.1. Epicentral map of 2003 earthquakes.
표 Fig. 3.1.2. Epicentral map of 2004 earthquakes.
표 Fig. 3.1.3. Epicentral map of earthquakes occurred from 2003 to 2008 determined using HYPOELLIPSE.
표 Fig. 3.1.4. Epicentral map of earthquakes in 'eqs1'.
표 Fig. 3.1.5. Magnitude distribution of 'eqs1' as a function of time.
표 Fig. 3.1.7. Magnitude distribution of 'eqs2' as a function of time.
표 Fig. 3.1.6. Epicentral map of earthquakes in 'eqs2'.
표 Fig. 3.1.8. Epicentral map of earthquakes in 'eqs3'.
표 Fig. 3.1.9. Magnitude distribution of 'eqs3' as a function of time.
표 Fig. 3.2.1. Distribution map of stations used for hypocenter relocation. Star indicates the epicenter.
표 Fig. 3.2.3. Focal mechanism solution(left) of the Siheung earthquake and the first P waves at 5 stations located in different azimuth(right).
표 Fig. 3.2.2. Vertical component waveforms of the 2010 Siheung earthquake recorded at broadband stations including borehole.
표 Fig. 3.2.4. Three component waveforms of Siheung earthquake(left) and the aftershock(right).
표 Fig. 3.2.5. First P polarities of Siheung event(left) and the aftershock(right).
표 Fig. 3.2.6 Source time function(yellow area) and rise time(blue bar) of the Siheung earthquake resulted by deconvolution using empirical Green function method.
표 Fig. 3.3.1. Locations of broadband stations(triangle), North Korea nuclear explosions(red star), and earthquake(blue star) used in this study.
표 Fig. 3.3.2. Comparisons of spectral amplitude ratios between the 2006 nuclear explosion(green line), 2009 nuclear explosion(red line), and an earthquake(blue line).
표 Fig. 3.3.3. Comparisons of spectral amplitude ratios between 2006 nuclear explosion(green line), 2009 nuclear explosion(red line), and an earthquake(blue line).
표 Fig. 3.3.4. Body wave magnitudes, and , as a function of frequency for the nuclear explosions and the earthquake occurred near the epicenter of explosion.
표 Fig. 3.3.5. mb(Pn)/mb(Lg) ratio discriminations between explosions and earthquake at 0.6 Hz to 2.2 Hz.
표 Fig. 3.3.6. mb(Lg) estimations for two explosions classified by ray paths from continental, marginal, and oceanic ray path type.
표 Fig. 3.3.7. Map shows the locations of broadband(closed square) and short-period(open square) stations.
표 Fig. 3.3.8. P/S ratios of Ganghwa explosion(red) and nearby earthquake(blue) of MUS, SEO, and SWO stations.
표 Fig. 3.3.9. P/S ratios of Yeoju explosion(red) and nearby earthquake(blue) at ICN, WJU, and CHJ stations.
표 Fig. 3.3.11. P/S ratios of Yeongdeuk explosion(red) and nearby earthquake(blue) at PHA, ADO, and ULJ stations.
표 Fig. 3.3.10. P/S ratios of Danyang explosion(red) and nearby earthquake(blue) at MGY, CHJ, and YOW stations.
표 Fig. 3.3.12. Locations of chemical blast event(red star), an earthquake(blue star), and velocity seismic stations at KMA(squares).
표 Fig. 3.3.13. Vertical component seismogrmas of the chemical blast event(a) and earthquake(b) in Chungju region.
표 Fig. 3.3.14. The polarity analysis results of chemical blast(left) and earthquake(right).
표 Fig. 3.3.15. Attenuation spectra shown energy distribution depend on epicentral distance of chemical blast(left) and earthquake(right).
표 Fig. 3.3.16. Spectrograms for chemical blast waveform in Chungju region.
표 Fig. 3.3.17. Earthquake spectrograms in Chungju region.
표 Fig. 3.3.18. P/S ratio comparisons between chemical blast(red line) and earthquake(blue line) in Chungju region.
표 Fig. 3.3.19. Locations of chemical blast event(red star) and an earthquake(blue star) occurred in Yeongju region.
표 Fig. 3.3.20. Vertical seismograms of the chemical blast event(a) and earthquake(b) recorded in Yeongju region.
표 Fig. 3.3.21. Polarity analysis results of chemical blast (left) and earthquake (right).
표 Fig. 3.3.22. Comparisons of P/S ratios between chemical blast(red line) and earthquake(blue line) in Yeongju region.
표 Fig. 3.3.23. Comparisons of P/S ratios between chemical blast(red line) and earthquake(blue line) at a certain frequency band.
표 Fig. 4.1.1. Location of the 2009 Andaman earthquake(green star) and used stations of IRIS(red circle).
표 Fig. 4.1.2. Example of waveform analysis result for the 2009 Andaman event(INCN station).
표 Fig. 4.1.3. Location of the 2009 Honshu earthquake(green star) and used stations of IRIS(red circle).
표 Fig. 4.1.4. Example of waveform analysis for the 2009 Honshu event(CAN station).
표 Fig. 4.1.5. Location of the 2009 Java earthquake(green star) and used stations of IRIS(red circle).
표 Fig. 4.1.6. Example of waveform analysis for the 2009 Java event(ENH station).
표 Fig. 4.1.7. Location of the 2009 Samoa earthquake(green star) and used stations of IRIS(red circle).
표 Fig. 4.1.8. Example of waveform analysis for the 2009 Samoa event(PPTF station).
표 Fig. 4.1.9. Location of the 2009 Vanuatu earthquake(green star) and used stations of IRIS(red circle).
표 Fig. 4.1.10. Example of waveform analysis for the 2009 Vanuatu event(NWAO station).
표 Fig. 4.1.11. Location of the 2010 Haiti earthquake(green star) and used stations of IRIS(red circle).
표 Fig. 4.1.12. Example of waveform analysis for the 2010 Haiti event(HDC station).
표 Fig. 4.1.13. Location of the 2010 Russia earthquake(green star) and used stations of IRIS(red circle).
표 Fig. 4.1.14. Example of waveform analysis for the 2010 Russia event(TATO station).
표 Fig. 4.1.15. Location of the 2010 Chile earthquake(green star) and used stations of IRIS(red circle).
표 Fig. 4.1.16. Example of waveform analysis for the 2010 Chile event(UNM station).
표 Fig. 4.1.17. Location of the 2010 Sumatra earthquake(green star) and used stations of IRIS(red circle).
표 Fig. 4.1.18. Example of waveform analysis for the 2010 Sumatra event (CHTO station).
표 Fig. 4.1.19. Location of the 2010 Philippine earthquake(green star) and used stations of IRIS(red circle).
표 Fig. 4.1.20. Example of waveform analysis for the 2010 Philippine event(TLY station).
표 Fig. 4.2.1. Moment tensor solution and representing fault motion.
표 Fig. 4.2.2. Locations of earthquakes studied around Japan(red star), F-net stations of NIED(blue triangle) and broadband stations of KMA(green triangle).
표 Fig. 4.2.3. Moment tensor solutions of the September 5, 2004 earthquake.
표 Fig. 4.2.4. Moment tensor solutions of the March 20, 2005 earthquake.
표 Fig. 4.2.5. Moment tensor solutions of the March 25, 2007 earthquake.
표 Fig. 4.2.6. Moment tensor solutions of the July 16, 2007 earthquake.
표 Fig. 4.2.7. Moment tensor solutions of the July 19, 2008 earthquake.
표 Fig. 4.2.8. Moment tensor solutions of the March 25, 2007 determined by NIED.
표 Fig. 4.2.9. Locations of the March 25, 2007(red star) and F-net stations(blue triangle) used for the tests.
표 Fig. 4.2.10. Moment tensor solutions using different station distribution (a)～(f) correspond to case numbers 1～6 in Table 4.2.2.
표 Fig. 4.2.11. Moment tensor solutions using different filtering band.
표 Fig. 4.2.12. Moment tensor solutions of the March 20, 2005 event using (a) F-net station only, (b) KMA station only, and (c) F-net and KMA stations.
표 Fig. 4.2.13. Moment tensor solutions of the March 20, 2005 earthquake.
표 Fig. 5.1.1. Kakioka Automatic Standard Magnetometer(KASMMER).
표 Fig. 5.1.2. Station distribution of JMA.
표 Fig. 5.1.3. Facilities of Kakioka Observatory.
표 Fig. 5.1.4. Magnetic instruments at Kakioka Observatory.
표 Fig. 5.1.5. Instrument history of Kakioka Observatory.
표 Fig. 5.1.6. Data corrections at Kakioka Observatory. Absolute measurement is carried out once a week.
표 Fig. 5.1.7. Instruments of atmospheric electricity.
표 Fig. 5.1.8. GIN(Geomagnetic Information Node).
표 Fig. 5.1.9. K index measured manually at Kakioka Observatory.
표 Fig. 5.1.10. Continuous observation station of earth electricity of GSI.
표 Fig. 5.1.11. Continuous measurement instrument of earth electricity.
표 Fig. 5.1.12. Magnetic control points of GSI.
표 Fig. 5.1.13. Nobeyama station.
표 Fig. 5.1.14. Arrival time of space environment disturbances at the earth.
표 Fig. 5.1.15. Regional Warning Center(RWC) of International Space Environment Service.
표 Fig. 5.1.16. Ionospheric Observation Network of NICT.
표 Fig. 5.2.1. Daily magnetic observation data. Three component and total field observed data are plotted.
표 Fig. 5.2.2. Several days magnetic observation data.
표 Fig. 5.2.3. Monthly magnetic observation data.
표 Fig. 5.2.4. Magnetic data in a certain period.
표 Fig. 5.2.6. Total field graph at Cheong-Yang Observatory during 2010.8.1～5 showing raw data graph(above) and daily variation removed one(below).
표 Fig. 5.2.5. Total field graph at Cheong-Yang Observatory during 2010.4.3～10 shows raw data graph(above) and daily variation removed one(below).
표 Fig. 5.2.7. Various examples of curve fitting data at Cheong-Yang Observatory, KMA.
표 Fig. 5.2.7. Various examples of curve fitting data at Cheong-Yang Observatory, KMA.
표 Fig. 5.2.7. Various examples of curve fitting data at Cheong-Yang Observatory, KMA.
표 Fig. 5.2.7. Various examples of curve fitting data at Cheong-Yang Observatory, KMA.
표 Fig. 5.2.7. Various examples of curve fitting data at Cheong-Yang Observatory, KMA.
표 Fig. 5.2.8. K index plotted by Hand-Scaling method during 2010.4.3～10 at Cheong-Yang Geomagnetic Observatory, KMA.
표 Fig. 5.2.9. K index plotted by Hand-Scaling method during 2010.8.1～5 at Cheong-Yang Geomagnetic Observatory, KMA.
표 Fig. 5.2.10. K index during 2010.8.1～5 at Cheong-Yang Geomagnetic Observatory, KMA.
표 Fig. 5.2.11. K index during 2010.8.1～17 at Kakioka Geomagnetic Observatory.
표 Fig. 5.2.12. K index plotted during 2010.8.1～5 at Cheong-Yang and Kakioka Geomagnetic Observatory.
표 Fig. 5.2.13. K index plotted during 2010.8.1～17 at Cheong-Yang and Kakioka Geomagnetic Observatory.

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지진감시기술 지원 및 활용 연구(II)
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