초록 ▼

본 연구는 농업환경자원정보 인벤토리구축과 농업환경지도작성이 연구개발의 주된 내용이다. 각각의 연구분야별로 연구의 범위를 살펴보면 다음과 같다. 농업기후는 공간기후모형 정립으로 기온 및 강수량 등 정밀 농업기후도작성, 농업용수는 농업용 지표수 및 지하수 DB구축으로 수질의 변화분석이다. 또한, 식생생태는 식생 및 수서생물 DB 구축으로 분포도 작성 및 다양성 분석, 토양화학는 토양화학성 DB구축과 토양비옥도 및 적정범위별 과부족지도 작성이다. 작물 재배적지는 주요 작물별 재배적지를 구분하여 제공하는 것이며, 토양조사는 위성영상을 활용

본 연구는 농업환경자원정보 인벤토리구축과 농업환경지도작성이 연구개발의 주된 내용이다. 각각의 연구분야별로 연구의 범위를 살펴보면 다음과 같다. 농업기후는 공간기후모형 정립으로 기온 및 강수량 등 정밀 농업기후도작성, 농업용수는 농업용 지표수 및 지하수 DB구축으로 수질의 변화분석이다. 또한, 식생생태는 식생 및 수서생물 DB 구축으로 분포도 작성 및 다양성 분석, 토양화학는 토양화학성 DB구축과 토양비옥도 및 적정범위별 과부족지도 작성이다. 작물 재배적지는 주요 작물별 재배적지를 구분하여 제공하는 것이며, 토양조사는 위성영상을 활용한 토지이용분류 및 변화특성 분석이다. 그리고, 북한토양도작성은 북한의 토양분류시스템 분석을 통한 토양분포 특성예측이며, 농업환경이용체계연구는 지도매뉴얼 작성 및 관리체계 정립이 연구의 범위라고 할 수 있다.

Abstract ▼

The objective of this study is to set up the spatially climatic model suitable for the complicated terrain where topology, vegetation, and land use are not uniform, and to estimate the digital map of monthly normals of daily temperature, precipitation, and solar radiation using the spatial interpola

The objective of this study is to set up the spatially climatic model suitable for the complicated terrain where topology, vegetation, and land use are not uniform, and to estimate the digital map of monthly normals of daily temperature, precipitation, and solar radiation using the spatial interpolation model. Contents of this study are as follows : (1) Development and modification of the spatially climatic model suitable for the complicated terrain, (2) Installation and management of meteorological observation equipment for the validation of the model, (3) Collection of meteorological data, (4) Selection of area for the validation of the model, (5) Validation of the model, and (6) Digital mapping of monthly normals of meteorological elements. Scope of this study is to produce a digital map with high spatial resolution on nationwide scale by spatially climatic model applied with weather data at 58 weather stations of Korean meteorological administration.
The objective of this study was to drawing of distribution map for the agricultural water. Distribution map of agricultural water was carried out 18 water parameters including DO, BOD, and NO3-N. For prediction the water quality, the change in time series were analyzed. Monthly monitoring of water samples showed that the mean concentrations of EC, Cl-, and SO4 2- were ranked the highest in October followed by April and July. Contrary to this, the mean concentrations of NO3-N, T-N, and T-P causing the eutrophication problem in a stream were highest in July because heavy rainfall events increased an amount of non-point source pollutants in a stream. Forecasted values of NH4-N, PO4-P, and T-P using the time series analysis had a good agreement with the monitored ones (the fitness = 65.9%).
Biological diversity issues in rice paddies are of critical importance because rice paddies cover over 60% in the Korean agro-ecosystem. The paddy ecosystem is largely made up of freshwater invertebrates, above ground insects and plants. Especially, freshwater invertebrates are is the major important fauna to sustain the paddy ecosystem as predators of the lower trophic level and prey for birds in food-web dynamics as well. During the last decade we surveyed the biodiversity of fauna and flora in paddy fields and based on this survey we created the invertebrate and vegetation database. To be shown on the map for the public, we identified 196 species of 72 families at 260 spots throughout the country. This study will provide useful information about invertebrate and vegetation biodiversity around paddy fields in Korea. Some species were identified as dominant species in the paddy field.
The objective of this study was to drawing up of the crop suitability map with 21 crops. The study was conducted to categorized as most suitable, suitable, possible and unsuitable for soil-factors. It used to digital soil map(1:5,000), weather data, DEM for frame of crop suitability maps. crop suitability maps considered for the suitability classes of land were the morphological and physical properties of soils and climatic conditions like optimum and minimum temperatures for the different crops. Soil information system(http://asis.rda.go.kr) provides suitability crop maps information.
Existing soil information has differed from present situation because of rapid decrease of arable land and increase of urbanized and intensifying developing area. Therefore it should be changed based on the present soil information. The use of satellite image is an easy and quick way to revise existing soil information. The results from image analysis were as follows. Goyang, Cheonan and Wonju city had very abruptly changes in soil information because of increase in urbanized areas. We also examined soil areas of these cities. We made the land use map (ex.: paddy, upland, orchard and green house) in Goyang city. Current agricultural areas are calculated from statistics data, such as agricultural & forestry statistical yearbook (2010). This statistical yearbook did not measure the whole area, but took representative samples to estimate the whole area. Another data is the middle classification of agricultural land map which calculated from satellite image operated by Ministry of Environment. Considering these differences, this study used satellite images to calculate agricultural areas and compared to other statistics data that explained above. The result showed that there was difference in calculated areas. Therefore, it is hard to replace current methods which the ministry of environment and the ministry of agricultural & forestry are using. In near future, after statistical algorithm and analyses are improved, agricultural map will be calculated from satellite images. Soil survey was conducted again on Goyang, Cheonan and Wonju city from 2009 to 2011. The numbers of soil phase in Cheonan decreased from 83 to 55. In addition the numbers of soil phase in Wonju decreased from 76 to 57. The drainage classes changed by changes of agricultural land and arable land have into factory, house and road etc. The arable land area (ex.: paddy, upland, orchard etc.) in Goyang, Cheonan and Wonju city decreased further compared to the ones from super detailed soil survey of upland. Moreover, the drainage classes of soil have been deteriorated because the flows of water were intercepted by road construction and other disturbance to water flows. All three counties have huge reduction in the area of agricultural land. The decrease in the good agricultural land is a potential problem. The deterioration of farmland cannot be irreversible. Therefore, the good farm land should be conserved.
This study was conducted to develop a database on soil chemical properties monitored by the national wide monitoring project on agricultural environment and to map soil fertility of agricultural land. A database on chemical properties of plastic film house soils in 2008, upland soils in 2009, and orchard soils in 2010 was statistically analyzed and used for soil fertility mapping with ArcGIS software. Plastic film house and upland soils showed very high content of available (Avail.) phosphate and exchangeable (Exch.) cations. There was no average one below optimum range of soil chemical properties in plastic film house soil. All chemical properties of upland soil except exchangeable K were increased compared to those in 2005. Total area of acidic upland which required lime application decreased in 2009. Avail. P2O5 and Exch. K percentages over optimum range were 78% and 65% respectively, and organic matter, Exch. Mg and Exch. Ca percentages below optimum range were 45%, 43% and 41% respectively in orchard soils. The map of soil chemical concentration range was useful for figuring out spatial distribution of soil fertility. The database and soil fertility map could be an effective and powerful decision-making tool for researchers and policy makers to protect and maintain the agricultural lands.
This study aims to investigate the spatial distribution of major soil types in Korea, and to assess the ability to predict soil distribution using environmental variables. A classification tree method was used to assess soil predictability. While the great soil groups can give more intuitive understandings on their spatial distributions, its predictability using environmental factors is much lower than that of the great groups. The most important factor to determine the spatial distribution of major soil types is geomorphological characteristic that show distinctive morphological difference between mountains and plains. Spatial distribution of climatic variables and catenary soil sequence along slopes play additional roles in determining the distribution of soil types, The classification tree models resulted in 35~75% of prediction accuracy, depends on the combination of different environmental variables brought in the models. While geomorphological variables are the best predictors for the great groups, climatic variables perform better for the great soil groups.
Soil information is of great importance for the use and conservation of soil resources that are essential for human welfare and ecosystem sustainability. This paper introduces soil and environment resources information service which are being provided in and outside the country and suggests its application including soil map update, land use change analysis, digital mapping of soil properties for further advance of soil and environment information system. Various scales of soil maps and soil testing data were established through a series of intensive National Soil Survey Projects and Soil Testing Projects conducted by Rural Development Administration (RDA) since early 1960s. An internet-based information system for soil and environment (http://soil.rda.go.kr) was developed on the basis of ‘National Soil Survey Projects’ and ‘Agro-environmental Change Monitoring Project’, which monitors spatial and temporal changes of agricultural environment. Cropland use maps of Goyang city, Namyangju city, and Yongin city were delineated based on airborne or satellite data with less than 1 m of spatial resolution and used for update land use maps. Land use change using matrix analysis investigated revealed that paddy field areas decreased the most and paddy fields were changed mainly to residence, plastic film houses, and upland fields, in general. Soils data has a great potential of further application in estimation of soil carbon storage, water capacity, and soil loss. Digital mapping of soil and environment using state-of-the-art and emerging technologies with a pedometrics concept will lead to future direction.

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1
• 제출문 ... 2
• 요약문 ... 3
• SUMMARY ... 5
• 제 1 장 서 론 ... 9
• 1 절 연구개발의 목적 ... 9
• 제 2 장 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 16
• 제 3 장 연구개발수행 내용 및 결과 ... 22
• 제 1 절 정밀농업기후도 작성 연구 ... 22
• 제 2 절 농업용수수질 DB구축과 분포도 작성연구 ... 33
• 제 3 절 농업생태계 수서생물 종다양성 분포도 작성연구 ... 48
• 제 4 절 농작물재배적지지도 작성 연구 ... 64
• 제 5 절 위성영상을 이용한 토지이용변화지역 토양조사연구 ... 98
• 제 6 절 농경지 토양화학성 DB구축 및 분포지도 작성 ... 111
• 제 7 절 북한의 토양예측과 토양도 작성연구 ... 127
• 제 8 절 GIS를 이용한 농업환경자원정보 이용체계 연구 ... 136
• 제 4 장 연구개발목표 달성도 및 대외기여도 ... 148
• 제 1 절 목표대비 대외달성도 ... 148
• 제 2 절 정량적 성과 ... 148
• 제 5 장 연구개발결과의 활용계획 ... 156
• 제 6 장 중요 변동사항 ... 159
• 제 7 장 참고문헌 ... 160
• 주요연구성과 ... 166
• 주요 결과 요약서 ... 167