초록

Abstract ▼

1.1 Project Background and Objectives
1.1.1 Background
Transport is essential to economic development particularly in developing countries, where substantial investments have been made in the transport sector to initiate economic growth through the efficient, safe, and convenient movement of p

1.1 Project Background and Objectives
1.1.1 Background
Transport is essential to economic development particularly in developing countries, where substantial investments have been made in the transport sector to initiate economic growth through the efficient, safe, and convenient movement of people and goods. The transport sector is receiving increasing attention of late with regard to the need to reduce the emissions of anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG), which is regarded as a major cause of the global climate change. The transport sector accounts for about 13% of the anthropogenic GHG emissions globally.1 Despite this, however, it may be difficult to construct a reliable transport database (DB) for the evaluation of transport systems, transport projects, and the GHG emissions from the transport sector, particularly in developing countries. International organizations like Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), United Nations (UN), European Union (EU), and International Transport Workers’ Federation (ITF) manage transport-related DBs, whi h feature limited statistics of developing countries possibly due to the limited data available in such countries. The estimated average GDP growth rate of non-OECD countries is 4.8%2, however, which is more than twice as high as that of OECD countries. Therefore, transport investments and GHG emissions are likely to grow faster in non-OECD countries, suggesting the importance of a transport facility and activity DB for developing countries.
The necessity of obtaining reliable transport data for the evaluation of GHG emissions from the transport sector has become evident as climate change has become a key issue in the global community. To understand and compare the GHG emissions of countries in terms of transport systems and policies, a reliable transport DB is needed, and such DB must be standardized to guarantee consistency in data reliability and comparability. The data collection and management process also need to be of a routine to acquire the reliability.

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1
• Contents ... 4
• Tables ... 8
• Figures ... 13
• Chapter 1. Introduction ... 16
• 1.1 Project Background and Objectives ... 16
• 1.1.1 Background ... 16
• 1.1.2 Objectives ... 17
• 1.2 Scope and Approach ... 17
• 1.2.1 Scope ... 17
• 1.2.2 Approach ... 18
• 1.3 Concept, Roles, and Benefits of Transport Data ... 18
• 1.3.1 Concept ... 18
• 1.3.2 Roles and Benefits ... 19
• Chapter 2. KTDB Experience and Lessons ... 20
• 2.1 Problems in before-KTDB era ... 20
• 2.1.1 Unorganized Transport Survey ... 20
• 2.1.2 Inefficient Evaluation of SOC Investment Projects ... 21
• 2.1.3 Lack of DB for Supporting Transport Policy and Plan ... 25
• 2.2 Legal Support and Organization for KTDB ... 26
• 2.2.1 Legal Support ... 26
• 2.2.2 Institutional Support – National Transport Survey Plan ... 32
• 2.2.3 DB building and Managing Organization – KTDB Center in KOTI ... 37
• 2.3 Included Data ... 43
• 2.3.1 Survey Data ... 43
• 2.4 Lessons ... 46
• 2.4.1 Application of KTDB ... 46
• 2.4.2 Evaluation of Individual Transport Facility Investment ... 48
• 2.4.3 Other Utilization ... 50
• 2.4.4 Major enefits through KTDB ... 52
• Chapter 3. Requirement Analysis of Global Transport DB ... 54
• 3.1 Current Status of Transport Data in Developing Countries ... 54
• 3.1.1 Review of Previous Studies on Transport Data in Developing Countries ... 54
• 3.1.2 Lesson Learned from Previous Studies ... 59
• 3.2 International Transport Database in Practice ... 60
• 3.2.1 Transport Statistics of Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) ... 60
• 3.2.2 Transport Statistics of WB ... 61
• 3.2.3 Transport tatistics of United Nations ... 63
• 3.2.4 Eurostat ... 63
• 3.2.5 North American Transportation Statistics (NATS) ... 68
• 3.2.6 International Transport Forum ... 72
• 3.2.7 Association of Southeast Asian Nations ... 74
• 3.2.8 German Society for International Cooperation (GIZ) ... 74
• 3.2.9 International Energy Agency (IEA) ... 75
• 3.2.10 Others ... 76
• 3.2.11 Implications of the International Transport DB Case Study ... 78
• Chapter 4. National Transport DB Model for Developing Countries ... 80
• 4.1 Role of Transport Data in Developing Countries ... 80
• 4.2 National Transport DB Model (NTDB model) ... 80
• 4.2.1 What is NTDB? ... 80
• 4.2.2 Goal of NTDB ... 81
• 4.2.3 NTDB Model Configuration ... 81
• 4.2.4 Legal Support for NTDB ... 83
• 4.2.5 Coordination/cooperation Among Agencies ... 85
• 4.2.6 NTDB Center ... 86
• 4.2.7 Implementation of Model ... 89
• 4.3 Data Collection and Management ... 90
• 4.3.1 Data Collection Procedure ... 90
• 4.3.2 Road Traffic Counting ... 102
• 4.3.3 Passenger Survey ... 105
• 4.3.4 Trip Generation Rate Survey ... 112
• 4.3.5 Freight Travel Survey ... 113
• 4.3.6 Transport Network Survey ... 116
• 4.3.7 Establishment of Origin-Destination (OD) Database ... 117
• 4.3.8 Construction of Transportation Model Network ... 128
• 4.3.9 from Existing Sources ... 136
• 4.4 Suggested Important DB Items ... 139
• 4.4.1 Principle of Statistical-Item Selection ... 139
• 4.4.2 Selection Process and Method ... 140
• 4.4.3 Establishment of Statistical-Item Candidate Groups ... 140
• 4.4.4 First Selection ... 145
• 4.4.5 Second Selection ... 151
• 4.5 Standardization by Statistical Item ... 158
• 4.5.1 Statistical items for Standardization ... 158
• 4.5.2 Standardization of Metadata ... 160
• 4.6 Standardization of Metadata by Category ... 174
• 4.6.1 Socioeconomic Indices ... 175
• 4.6.2 Roads ... 183
• 4.6.3 Railways ... 206
• 4.6.4 Maritime Transport ... 221
• 4.6.5 Air Transport ... 234
• 4.6.6 Energy ... 247
• 4.6.7 Summary ... 252
• Chapter 5. Future Global Transport DB (GTDB) Implementation Direction ... 254
• 5.1 Pilot Study of NTDB and GTDB concept ... 254
• 5.2 Building of Data-sharing Systems ... 255
• 5.3 Composition and Operation of the Global Transport DB (GTDB) Consultative Council ... 255
• 5.4 GTDB Phased-in Implementation Plan ... 257
• 5.5 Financing Measures ... 257
• References ... 260
• Appendix ... 262