초록 ▼

□ 과제명 : 고품질 국내산 밀 재배기술 및 시범단지 조성
▶ 연구목적 :
○ 수발아 회피 적정 수확기 설정 및 적정 질소시비량 설정
○ 밀 품질향상을 위한 적정 유기질비료 시용량 설정
○ 볏짚 환원시 밀 재배 및 품질 향상을 위한 파종방법 및 적정 파종량 설정
○ 밀 생산비 절감을 위한 생력기계화 작업체계 확립 및 파종량 설정
○ 밀 대규모재배 적정 작업체계 및 대규모 재배기술 매뉴얼 작성
○ 용도별(면용, 빵용) 밀 브랜드 단지 확대 및 지역특화
○ 간척지에서 밀 안정생산을 위한 적합

□ 과제명 : 고품질 국내산 밀 재배기술 및 시범단지 조성
▶ 연구목적 :
○ 수발아 회피 적정 수확기 설정 및 적정 질소시비량 설정
○ 밀 품질향상을 위한 적정 유기질비료 시용량 설정
○ 볏짚 환원시 밀 재배 및 품질 향상을 위한 파종방법 및 적정 파종량 설정
○ 밀 생산비 절감을 위한 생력기계화 작업체계 확립 및 파종량 설정
○ 밀 대규모재배 적정 작업체계 및 대규모 재배기술 매뉴얼 작성
○ 용도별(면용, 빵용) 밀 브랜드 단지 확대 및 지역특화
○ 간척지에서 밀 안정생산을 위한 적합 품종 선정 및 재배기술 확립
▶ 주요연구내용 :
○ 1세부과제명 : 고품질 밀 생산을 위한 수발아 방지 재배법 연구
- 밀 수발아 방지를 위한 수확기 설정 및 질소 웃거름시비량처리
- 밀 종실의 수량, 조단백질 함량 및 침전가 등 최적 품질을 보인 수확 시기는 생리적 성숙기(출수 후 40〜42일)이후 9∼12일로서, 밀 출수 후 49∼52일 이었음
○ 1세부과제명 : 고품질 밀 생산을 위한 수발아 방지 재배법 연구
- 밀 수발아 방지를 위한 수확기 설정 및 질소 웃거름시비량처리
- 밀 종실의 수량, 조단백질 함량 및 침전가 등 최적 품질을 보인 수확 시기는 생리적 성숙기(출수 후 40〜42일)이후 9∼12일로서, 밀 출수 후 49∼52일 이었음
- 질수수준 증가에 따라 간장, 수장, 경수 및 영화수가 증가했으나, 임실율은 100% 증비에서 가장 높았으며, 종실 수량은 질소 수준이 증가함에 따라 계속 증가하여 50% 증비에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 밀종자의 수발아 관련 형질간 비교에서는 질수수준이 증가함에 따라 발아율, Germination index 및 ABA sensitivity가 점차 감소했는데, 이는 종자의 수발아율을 낮추는 결과를 가져왔다.
○ 2세부과제명 : 이모작 밀 재배시 유기질비료 시용 효과 구명
- 화학비료 절감을 위한 유기질비료 및 미생물퇴비 적정 사용량 설정
- 밀재배 밑거름용 친환경자재인 적정 시용 기준량은 ㏊당 유기질비료 800㎏, 미생물퇴비 2,000～2,500㎏이었음
- 수량성은 관행(복합비료 4.09톤/㏊)대비 유기질비료 4.04톤, 미생물퇴비
3.94톤으로 각각 1%, 4%가 약간 낮지만 농가소득은 4~18% 증가됨
○ 3세부과제명 : 볏짚 환원시 밀 재배 및 품질 향상 연구
- 볏짚 환원 논 밀 입모율 향상을 위한 파종방법 및 적정 파종량 설정
- 볏짚환원 논 밀 파종작업 방법은 벼 수확 동시 볏짚 자르기(3～5㎝) → 밀 종자 파종 및 비료살포 → 로터리(10㎝ 이내) → 골 파기(배토) 순이었으며, 적정 파종량은 200㎏/㏊이었음
○ 4세부과제명 : 밀 생산비 절감을 위한 기계화일괄 작업체계 연구
- 밀 재배 기계화 작업체계 확립 및 동시작업기 적정 파종량 설정
- 밀 기계화 일관작업체계는 관행(인력 117시간/㏊) 대비 개별 작업(파종, 시비, 제초, 웃거름시용, 중기제초, 수확작업 별도수행)은 26시간/㏊, 동시 작업(시비, 파종, 배수골 형성 동시 작업)은 17.8시간/㏊으로 소요노력의 77.7～84.8% 절감되었음
- 동시작업기 활용 밀 적정 파종량은 180～200㎏/㏊로 관행(휴립광산파, 150㎏/㏊) 보다 수량은 5～22% 증수됨
- 밀 기계화작업 손익분기점은 동시작업기만 사용시는 0.4㏊, 개별작업체계는 3.7㏊, 동시작업체계는 4.2㏊임
○ 5세부과제명 : 벼 규모화 사업 연계 밀 이모작 재배 단지조성
- 밀 대규모재배 기계화작업 소요기계 산정 및 농가소득 효과 분석
- 밀 대규모재배단지 작업단계별 적정 소요기계 설정
- 단지조성에 의한 조직화 • 규모화 추진으로 생산비 절감은 680천원/㏊, 농기계비용 절감은 169,280원/㏊이었음
- 농가 소득은 벼 단작 재배시 ㏊당 4,986,950원이나 벼+밀 이모작 재배시 6,999,660원으로 40%(2,012,710원/㏊)가 증가되었음
○ 6세부과제명 : 면용 밀 브랜드 재배단지 조성
- 밀 브랜드단지 확대 및 품질 향상 재배기술 개선
- 면용 브랜드단지로 영광 1개소, 100㏊를 영광과 장성에 2, 200㏊ 확대
- 시비처방에 의한 균형시비, 파종량 조절 및 적기 수확으로 회분함량 낮고 침전가는 증가되었음
○ 7세부과제명 : 빵용 밀 브랜드 재배단지 조성
- 밀 브랜드단지 확대 및 품질 향상 재배기술 개선
- 빵용 브랜드단지로 합천 1개소, 100㏊를 합천 2, 200㏊ 확대
- 시비처방에 의한 균형시비, 파종량 조절 및 적기 수확, 산물수매로 회분함량이 낮아져 품질이 향상되고 농가소득 향상되었음
○ 8세부과제명 : 간척지 적응 밀 최적 재배기술 개발
- 간척지 재배 적품종 선발 및 시비량 조절 등 재배기술 확립
- 염농도 0.1%의 간척지에서 금강밀과 연백밀은 입모율은 60%로 양호하였으며, 출수기와 성숙기가 지연되고 수량은 일반논 재배 대비 금강밀은 34%, 연백밀은 23% 수준이었음
- 간척지(염농도 0.1%이하)에 밀을 재배할 경우 일반답에 비해 밀의 생육이 지연되고 생산량이 감소되지만, 파종량과 질소시비량을 20% 증가하였을 때는 생육지연 폭이 좁고 생산량이 증가하였음

Abstract ▼

This study was conducted to prevent pre-harvest sprouting in wheat. The growth and seed characteristics of wheat were investigated at three day intervals after wheat harvesting time. There were no significant differences in the protein content, sedimentation, gluten, and ash content when wheat harve

This study was conducted to prevent pre-harvest sprouting in wheat. The growth and seed characteristics of wheat were investigated at three day intervals after wheat harvesting time. There were no significant differences in the protein content, sedimentation, gluten, and ash content when wheat harvested after physiological maturity. When wheat was harvested with combine machine at physiological maturity (40∼42 days after heading), some grains were crushed because of high water content (above 40%) of seed. The optimum harvesting time for high quality was 49∼52 days after heading (9-10 days after physiological maturity). Seed protein content was gradually increased until 52-54 days after heading and decreased thereafter. There were no differences in the milling characteristics and milling rate after physiological maturity at varying harvest times. Preharvest sprouting seriously reduces milling and baking quality of hard winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain. Nitrogen fertilization is used to increase grain yield and protein content, but its effect on preharvest sprouting is unclear. Fertility rate showed the highest treated with 100% increase of nitrogen fertilizer. Germination rate, germination index and ABA sensitivity were gradually reduced by increasing of nitrogen application level.
This study was carried out to establish optimum organic fertilization and microbial compost on wheat cultivation in order to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and improve the quality of wheat. Test resulted that yield of organic fertilization is lower 4~5% than yield of standard 4.16Ton/^㏊ and more than yield of microbial compost. But, The recession was not statistically significant. The yield of organic fertilizer 800㎏/^㏊ trial and microbial compost 2,000㎏/^㏊ trial resulted 96% yield of standard trial. In quality, The quality of flour in the manure 50% less trial is not good. In protein content and SDS-sedimentation volume, standard trial are the most highest yield in test trial(standard > microbial compost > organic fertilization). But, Ash content was not statistically significant. Therefore, Cultivation of environment-friendly production including the microbial fertilizer usage level from 100 to 125% compost could be improved 13% yield more than yield of standard trial, and organic fertilizer usage 100% level could be improved 6% yield more than yield of standard trial.
These days, organic nutrient of soil decreased from 2.7%('90) to 2.3%('00) in Korea. Because feed of rice straw increased the amount of silage used. This study was carried out planting the wheat in order to establish reliable method for optimum planting and seeding rate. As a result of experiment, planting method established that rotary(10cm), seeding and fertilizer application after harvested rice and rice straw(3~5^㎝). And cover up seed with soil. As a result of optimum seeding rate experiment, wheat cultivated in soil without rotary after restoration of rice straw because of low rate of seeding stand.
This study was carried out to set up the wheat cultivation system for cost savings the mechanization of wheat production work. As a result of experiment, Use of multiple machine(function with fertilization, seeding, covering up seed, control weed) and combine machine(working systemⅠ) with tractor was worked 26 hours/㏊ lower than practices and harvest operations(118 hours/㏊). And Use of multiple machine and combine machine(working systemⅡ) with tractor was worked 18 hours/㏊ lower than practices and harvest operations(118 hours/㏊).
We studied application of multiple machine for low costs of wheat production when farmer cultivated wheat. As a result, seedling establishment between seeding method and seeding rate showed no difference that was not statistically significant. but, seeding stand rate was low(71.5%) because of drought condition in seeding date. Height of wheat in drill seeding shorter than height of wheat broad ridge seeding. But, agricultural characteristics was good in drill seeding. Yield of wheat in drill seeding and broad ridge seeding were 4.18ton/㏊ and 4.31ton/㏊. These yields were 4.51tons and 4.63tons more than yield of standard seeding(increased 7%, 9% yield). In addition, multiple machine was efficient about labor time(saving 19 hour), because of working the same time.
Large-scale mechanized wheat cultivated from 20 October to 2 November(for 13 days) and harvested from June 10 to June 19(for 9 days). Daily average working time was 8 hours and 30 minutes. And moving time was completed in 1 hour and 30 minutes. Fertilization and seeding times by 45 hp tractor in 10ha were each 6 hours. When worked covering up seed by tractor at one-day(9 hours 30 minutes), 90 hp tractor worked 8 ha area and 110 hp tractor worked 9 ha area and 120 hp tractor worked 9 ha area. If one farmer(working time is 510 minutes at one-day) cultivate wheat by 45 hp trator, he could works 5 ha area. According to effective time management, harvesting time increased 10 hours at one-day. Combine working area was 4.8 ha at 6-row and 3.6 ha at 5-row and 2.8 ha at 4-row. If two farmer cultivate wheat in 50 ha at 10 day, they could works 100 ha area. Therefore, efficient cultivated system was use by machine that 45 hp trator (fertilization and seeding), 120 hp trator(covering up seed), controller car(herbicide spraying) and two 6-row combine(harvesting). ncome of 183,741 won per 10a of wheat, rice was 516,225 won, a total Income was 699,966won per year. Double cropping of rice and wheat than rice grown in single cropping culture farm income has increased 201thousand won per year.
In "Youngkwang" area of Korea, Wheat cultivated “Keumkang” variety to improve the quality with optimum fertilization, harvesting and technical systems in the brand complex area. According to cultivated “Keumkang” variety for noodle-use, "Chamdeullak" product developed to high quality flour by "Keumkang" variety. We hand out "Chamdeullak" cultivated manual to farmer for stable regional variation of the quality. As a results, the yield and yield components were not different between brand complex area and common cultivated area. So, yield of year-to-year variation showed low rate. Protein contents of Quality factor in brand complex area lower than common cultivatited area. But, ash content was low, and SDS-sedimentation volume was high. So, wheat quality in brand complex area was good and stable quality.
In "Hapcheon" area of Korea, Wheat cultivated “Jokyung” variety to improve the quality with optimum fertilization, harvesting and technical systems in the brand complex area. We hand out "Chamdeullak" cultivated manual to farmer for stable regional variation of the quality. Wheat quality Investigated by standard method that contrast between brand complex trial and common cultivated trial.
As a results, In brand complex area, heading date and maturing date were faster than date of common cultivated area. In yield factor, number of spikle, tiller and 1000-kernel in brand complex area more than in common cultivated trial(increased yield : 375kg/10a, about 11% more than common area). Protein contents and SDS-sedimentation volume of quality factors in the brand complex area were higher than quality of other common area(each 12.5%, 0.9% and 042㎖). Therefore, quality was improved and uniformity was increased.
Wheat is the world's major cereal crop, the world's major wheat exporting countries decreased production by the extreme weather. So, the international wheat grain prices rise, the difference was 1.5 fold decrease. Recently, "Saemangeum reclaimed land-use planning" has been finalized to enhance value-added crops, there is a need to develop an environmentally friendly. Korean wheat cultivation area was expanded to improve self-sufficiency for stable production and performing such studies is needed. So, This study was carried out to investigate the agronomic and flour characteristics of Korean wheat cultivars in Saemangum reclaimed land. The Saemangum reclaimed land had pH = 8.0(7.79∼10.97) and salinity = 0.65%(0.03∼1.98%). In agronomic traits of cultured Korean wheat cultvars in Saemangum reclaimed land, Culm length, Spike length, Number of kernels per spike and Number of spike per m2 was lower than those of the non-saline field. Also, Heading date and Maturing date was later than those of the non-saline field. Test weight, 1,000 grain weight and Harvest index in Saemangum reclaimed land was lower than non-saline field. Korean wheat cultivar "Younbaekmil" showed highest grain yield and harvest index among Korean wheat cultivars. In flour characterist, Ash and protein content was increased, and SDS-sedimentation value was decreased when cultured "Saemangum" reclaimed land. In properties of white salted noodles, Lightness of dough sheet was decrease, and adhesiveness and springiness value were decreased of cultured at "Saemangum" reclaimed land.

목차 Contents

• 제출문 ... 1
• 요약문 ... 2
• SUMMARY ... 7
• 제1장 서 론 ... 10
• 제2장 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 13
• 제3장 연구개발수행 내용 및 결과 ... 16
• 제1절 고품질 밀 생산을 위한 수발아 방지 재배법 연구 ... 16
• 제2절 이모작 밀 재배시 유기질비료 시용 효과 구명 ... 27
• 제3절 볏짚 환원시 밀 재배 및 품질 향상 연구 ... 30
• 제4절 밀 생산비 절감을 위한 기계화일괄 작업체계 연구 ... 33
• 제5절 벼 규모화사업 연계 밀 이모작 재배 단지 조성 ... 38
• 제6절 용도별 밀 브랜드 재배단지 조성 ... 45
• 제7절 간척지 적응 밀 최적 재배기술 개발 ... 48
• 제4장 연구개발목표 달성도 및 대외기여도 ... 61
• 제1절 목표대비 달성도 ... 61
• 제2절 정량적 성과 ... 62
• 제5장 연구개발결과의 활용계획 ... 65
• 제6장 중요 변동사항 ... 66
• 제7장 참고문헌 ... 67
• <참고 1> 연차평가 지적사항 및 조치결과 ... 71
• <참고 2> 주요연구 성과 ... 72
• 주요 결과 요약서 ... 79