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Kafe 바로가기주관연구기관 | 국립원예특작과학원 |
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연구책임자 | 김영국 |
참여연구자 | 한신희 , 이수환 , 안영섭 , 박충범 |
보고서유형 | 최종보고서 |
발행국가 | 대한민국 |
언어 | 한국어 |
발행년월 | 2012-02 |
과제시작연도 | 2011 |
주관부처 | 농촌진흥청 |
사업 관리 기관 | 농촌진흥청 Rural Development Administration |
등록번호 | TRKO201400000589 |
과제고유번호 | 1395022085 |
DB 구축일자 | 2014-05-07 |
□ 과제명 : 지역특산 약용작물 명품화 기술 개발
▶ 연구목적
○ 작물별 고품질 생산 환경 분석
○ 한국 북부지역 주요 식약 공용 약용작물(당귀, 황기, 오가피, 천궁 등)효능 연구
○ 남부 산간부 특산 약용작목 개발 및 제품화, 고품질 청정 식품원료 공급
○ 주요 약용작물 유통실태 파악, 생산량 조사 시스템 및 생산 통계 구축
▶ 주요연구내용
○ 1세부과제명 : 주요 약용작물 생산환경 분석 및 고품질화 연구
- 주요 재배 약용작물 지역특화를 위한 적지 분석 및 적지 설정
• 재배 약
□ 과제명 : 지역특산 약용작물 명품화 기술 개발
▶ 연구목적
○ 작물별 고품질 생산 환경 분석
○ 한국 북부지역 주요 식약 공용 약용작물(당귀, 황기, 오가피, 천궁 등)효능 연구
○ 남부 산간부 특산 약용작목 개발 및 제품화, 고품질 청정 식품원료 공급
○ 주요 약용작물 유통실태 파악, 생산량 조사 시스템 및 생산 통계 구축
▶ 주요연구내용
○ 1세부과제명 : 주요 약용작물 생산환경 분석 및 고품질화 연구
- 주요 재배 약용작물 지역특화를 위한 적지 분석 및 적지 설정
• 재배 약용작물 10작목, 주산지 대상 재배 환경 분석, 적지 설정
- 지역 명품화 기반 조성을 위한 우수 약용작물 생산관리 기준설정
• GAP 약용작물 재배 지침서 작성 및 재배농가 확대
- 명품화 소재 탐색 및 명품화를 위한 제도, 규제 등 환경 개선
• 약용작물 생산, 유통관련 제도 및 규제개선, 및 관련 산업체와 협의 등
○ 2협동과제명 : 북부지역 주요 약용작물 품질 표준화 및 명품화연구
- 주산지 주요 약용작물 수확 후 관리공정 개선연구
• 황기, 당귀의 재배지조사, 생약재 실태조사, 세척, 건조, 저장, 유통방법연구
- 약용작물 품질 차별화를 위한 주요 효능 탐색
• 황기, 당귀, 오갈피속 식물의 효능탐색 및 지표성분 분석
- 기능성 연계 고부가가치 상품 개발 및 주산지 특산품 명품화 연구
• 황기, 당귀 활용 상품개발(생황기 레토르트, 당귀 순채소, 당귀초임계 추출)
○ 3협동과제명 : 남부지역 주요 약용작물 지역특산 명품화 연구
- 산간지 소득향상을 위한 약용작목개발
• 오미자, 하수오, 꾸지뽕나무 소득작목개발
- 오미자 꾸지뽕나무 문제 병해충 방제체계 확립
• 오미자, 꾸지뽕나무 병해충의 경감기술 확립
- 기상변동에 따른 약용작물 피해경감연구
• 오미자 서리피해 실태조사 및 방제대책 수립
- 약용작물 기능성 소재를 활용한 신수요 창출
• 하수오, 오미자, 천마의 생리활성 탐색과 상품화 여부
○ 4협동과제명 : 약용작물 산업발전을 위한 산유통시스템 구축 및 육성방안 연구
- 주요 약용작물 가격 및 거래실태 파악
• 15개 주요 품목에 대한 가격 및 거래실태 파악
- 유통경로 및 비용구조 파악
• 15개 주요 품목에 대한 유통비용 구조 파악
- 주요 약용작물 생산·유통 및 산업 정책 수립
• 주요 약용작물 생산·유통 및 산업 정책 수립
○ Study on high quality and cultivation environment analysis of medicinal crops
To determine the feasibility of establishing priority strategies for locally-grown medicinal crops, the current status of the local medicinal crop production system was assessed.
Various limiting factors that infl
○ Study on high quality and cultivation environment analysis of medicinal crops
To determine the feasibility of establishing priority strategies for locally-grown medicinal crops, the current status of the local medicinal crop production system was assessed.
Various limiting factors that influence productivity throughout the whole production process, from seeding or planting to post-harvest, were examined. The study included the review of the current status of integrated pest management (IPM) system and the current statistics on crop protectants registered in the Korean Pesticide Manual.
In relation to post-harvest strategies, processing phases making use of various parts of harvested medicinal crops were classified into seven to ten. Based on the morphological characteristics used as herbal medicines, these are primary root, rootlet, bark, root tuber, bulb, rhizodermis and whole plants, and post-harvest practices such as harvesting, cleaning, sanitizing and packaging. Moreover, a group of mechanized apparatus to clean, sanitize, dry and cut various parts were deployed in the post-harvest process, whereas before, barrel cleanser and automated cleanser are mainly used.
Several policy recommendations were crafted to improve and deregulate the system.
These include the maximum residue level of pesticide in the GAP for medicinal crops, the improvement of origin regulation and distribution channel of imported herbal medicines, and the request to turn unused lands in national forests into cultivation areas for medicinal crops. The GAP certification system for medicinal crops was surveyed on a year to year basis. To vigorously promote GAP programs for medicinal crops, some requests, insights and opinions forwarded by producers and users were considered and reviewed thoroughly.
The GAP guideline for Artemisia annua Linne. was written to establish the priority strategies for locally-grown medicinal crops.
The cultivation environment for 51 medicinal crops was chosen to assess the cropping system and cultivation environment in relation to seed production. In addition, a forum, wherein extension experts were invited, was held to discuss pending issues associated with priority strategies for locally-grown medicinal crops.
A field evaluation session for Cudrania tricuspidata was conducted to determine the priority material in Sunchang county, North Jeolla province. Since the whole supply of Red sage (Salvia miltiorrhizae Bunge.) in Korea is dependent on importation, a field performance session was also done to promote the crop to be one of the locally-grown medicinal crops.
○ Study for region speciality of major medicinal crops in the northern area
We researched for development of postharvest technology of major medicinal crops in the northern area. We screened anti-diabetic and hypoglycemic effect of Eleutherococcus spp., biological activities of extracts from flowers of Angelica gigas Nakai, effects of ethanol extract from the leaf of Eleutherococcus senticosu on Hyperlipidemia in rat, comparison of antioxidative activity and nitric oxide production of ethanol extracts from Astragali membranaceus Bunge and A. membranaceus Bunge var mongholicus Hisiao. We developed retorted fresh Astragalus membranaceous and retorted Whanggyetang.
○ Study for region speciality of medicinal crops in region for south area
Purpose of this experiment was to improve of environment stalk attraction and the stabilization of supply with material in rhizome propagation for P. multiflorus. By 30 days after cutting, the emergence rate of Arch type(4.5×2.5m)cultivation were 90%. Diameter and length of stem in Arch type(4.5×2.5m)cultivation was good compared with in Control(Non stalking cultivation). Dry rhizome yield of P. multiflorus with 2 years old Arch type(4.5×2.5m)cultivation was 445kg/10a which means an increase 80% compared with in Control(Non stalking cultivation). This experiment was carried out to make full use rate of arable land utilization for to slope land suguential cropping with ginsing and alpine cultivation for culture type S. chinensis culture The results were as follows.
Female flowering rate was increased at shelf type with 2.5m width and 2.0m height.
Especially, yield was high in espalier type with 2.5m width and 2.0m height. The dry fruit weight yield of 3years old S. chinensis B. by in shelf type with 2.5m width and 2.0m height was 309kg/10a which was increased by 63% compared with that of espalier type with 2.5m width and 2.0m height. Southern mountainous areas of income for improving medicinal crops through the development of local specialties luxury production and continuous production technology development, and Schisandra chinensis and Cudrania problem pest research and eco-friendly control methods by improving production costs and the main problem pest for timely and by establishing proper quality control system to produce safe agricultural products and increase consumer satisfaction, is aimed at.
Schisandra chinensis findings include the major pest problem in summer in Schisandra chinensis pathogenesis powdery mildew, leaf spot, anthracnose, respectively Scale Insects and pest weevil occurred in her black points. Schisandra chinensis of these stem targets include the Major pests Scale Insects, ash weevil, black point, grape moth glass. Cudrania pests that occur most frequently on the leaves, followed by a lot of negligence occurred, Major pests include silver cord party moths, Tetranychus urticae, we reviewed 12 species, etc. occurred.
And Cudrania luxury in order to make gardening part of value-added functionality and pharmacological components utilizing a variety of healthy food sand to develop products in conjunction with public health and agri-food industrialization of rural areas to activate the green growth of research need to focus on will. This research was carried out to investigate frost damage of schisandra chinensis according to occurrence on blooming peoriod in Jinan and Jangsu. The first frost damage to deep by young tree(2yr) and over450m in altitude position in Schisandra chinensis . Second frost damage to fog stagnation area in jangsu by10.2%. These result in blooming period according to altitude in Schisandra chinensis. These result were that daily mean temperature during 8day May and 11date~13date May in 2010 were lower than those in 2009 by 4.3℃ and 4.5℃. The provent frost damage effect to air heating machine by higher 51.5% ware 4yr , 45.3% ware 2yr and 43.8% ware 3yr in schisandra chinensis. In order to product dry goods of Gastrodiae Rhizoma with high quality, tubers were treated with various dry methods such as cutting, drying methods and steaming. In cutting than no cutting, they were shown shorter drying hours and lower drying yield. Drying hours in freeze drying was shorter than those of hot air and far-infrared ray. Total polyphenol content was higher in cutting than no cutting.
According to steaming, it was increased in freeze drying but decreased rapidly in the other dry methods. Among all treatments, hot air dry treatment with cutting and no steaming had the highest total polyphenol content. Gastrodin and 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol contents generally were similar or higher in cutting than no cutting. By steaming, gastrodin content in freeze drying was decreased but 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol content was increased. But hot-air and infrared ray dry, they were shown opposite results. Gastrodin and 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol contents showed opposite reaction to each other and were shown various response by dry methods. We investigated antioxidant activity and lignan components contents by harvesting times to expand use of Schizandra chinensis B.. Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of seed was higher than those of flesh but there is not much difference in harvesting times. As RC50 value, that was, the concentration of sample required for 50% reduction of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical, was 13.7~24.2 ㎍/㎖ in seed thus it showed a high antioxidant activity. Among lignan components, schizandrin content was the highest and followed by gomisin N and gomisin A in all of flesh and seed. Also these components in seed were 4~9 times more contained than those of flesh. All of them were decreased by harvesting times in flesh. But contents of schizandrin and gomisin N were high in August 3rd and September 15th in seed, respectively. As the results, seed of S. chinensis had high antioxidant activity and lignan components contents so it could be potentially developed as a resource.
○ Improving Production and Distribution System in Medicinal Plants Industry
The study is to review overall the statistic and collection method of present productions and a mount of marketing of medicinal plants. Also, the study aims not only to improve the survey system of both productions and distributions of medical plants through investigating channels in the distribution and actual trade states of major medicinal plants, but to propose the promotion scheme of industry related to principal medicinal plants to be blue ocean for the future agriculture and rural community. The important results of study are following:
1) The annual average increasing rate of productions and cultivation area of medicinal plants during the recent five years was found to be 5% and 3% respectively. The analysis results for the selection of five major medicinal plants were black raspberry, codonopsis lanceolata, bellflower root, dioscorea ja-ponica, and maximowiczia chinensis in the order of examination criteria. The 58.8% of imports of medicinal plants (money base in 2009) found to be the use for food. The names of medicinal plants switching from food to medicines with a high possibility was found to be cinnamomum Cassia blume, Poria cocos, Atractylodes macrocephala, Amomum villosum, and Rhemannia glutinosa respectively.
2) The study found several problems such as insufficient survey contents of medicinal
plants in AFF Census, dual responsible institutions of survey for the productions of medicinal plants, and the use of uncommon names of medicinal plants. Thus, in order to correct such problems we proposed the integration of dual surveys between MFAFF(Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries) and KFS(Korea Forest Service), the distribution of an illustrated book for medicinal plants to the local survey agencies and the education of officials in charge of survey, and the inclusion of independent survey contents in AFF Census.
3) The result of analysis consumers preference about processed medicinal plants found that higher age, female rather than male, and higher interest of health they showed the strong recognition of medicinal plants. The estimation result of willingness to pay (WTP) for Processed medicinal plants product made from GAP(Good Agriculture Practices) using Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) indicates that consumers are willing to pay a price premium for oriental medicine and health foods using GAP medicinal plants, with range from 36 to 44 percent and with range from 33 to 49 percent respectively.
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