보고서 정보
주관연구기관 |
대구대학교 DaeGu University |
보고서유형 | 최종보고서 |
발행국가 | 대한민국 |
언어 |
한국어
|
발행년월 | 2013-12 |
과제시작연도 |
2013 |
주관부처 |
환경부 Ministry of Environment |
과제관리전문기관 |
국립생물자원관 National Institute of Biological Resources |
등록번호 |
TRKO201400003240 |
과제고유번호 |
1485011687 |
사업명 |
생물자원발굴및분류연구 |
DB 구축일자 |
2014-08-28
|
초록
▼
5. 연구 결과
가. 멸종위기종의 유전다양성 분석:
(1) 한라송이풀
- 핵 xdh 유전자 염기서열 분석 결과 한라송이풀 및 이삭송이풀이 구분되지 않았으며, 구름송이풀 및 다른 송이풀속 식물과는 뚜렷이 구분되었음
- 엽록체 trnL intron/trnL-F IGS 구간 염기변이 분석 결과, 지역에 따라 특이적인 염기변이가 나타나나, 한라송이풀 및 이삭송이풀은 구분되지 않았으며, 구름송이풀 및 다른 송이풀속 식물과는 뚜렷이 구분됨
- 4개의 microsatellite marker를 분석한 결과 대부분의 유전
5. 연구 결과
가. 멸종위기종의 유전다양성 분석:
(1) 한라송이풀
- 핵 xdh 유전자 염기서열 분석 결과 한라송이풀 및 이삭송이풀이 구분되지 않았으며, 구름송이풀 및 다른 송이풀속 식물과는 뚜렷이 구분되었음
- 엽록체 trnL intron/trnL-F IGS 구간 염기변이 분석 결과, 지역에 따라 특이적인 염기변이가 나타나나, 한라송이풀 및 이삭송이풀은 구분되지 않았으며, 구름송이풀 및 다른 송이풀속 식물과는 뚜렷이 구분됨
- 4개의 microsatellite marker를 분석한 결과 대부분의 유전적 변이는 집단내 변이에 기인하며(81%), 한라산 집단과 다른 지역 집단과의 지역적 분화정도는 극히 작은 것(3%)로 나타남
- 설악산, 방태산, 한라산의 한라송이풀/이삭송이풀 개체군이 최근 극도도 감소하고 있음
(2) 대흥란
- 엽록체 변이구간 분석 결과 집단간/개체간 변이가 나타나지 않음
- 기존 유사 분류군에 대해 개발된 microsatellite 5개 marker를 적용하여 분석한 결과, 제주도 2개 집단은 모두 동일한 유전자형을 갖는 것으로 나타난 반면, 남해 금산 집단은 3가지 유전자형을 갖는 것으로 나타나 유전적 다양성이 높은 것으로 나타남
(3) 갯봄맞이
- 핵 xdh 유전자 및 nrITS 구간, 엽록체 matK 유전자 구간 염기서열을 분석하였으나 집단간 변이가 나타나지 않음. 러시아 집단의 경우 핵 nrITS에서 한국/일본 집단과 일부 변이가 나타남
- AFLP 분석 결과, 러시아-강원도-일본 Akita 집단, 경상도 집단(포항+울산), 일본1 집단(아오모리, 홋카이도), 일본2 집단(미야기) 등 4개 지역 집단으로 구획됨 한국 집단은 강원도 집단과 경상도 집단으로 구분되며, 강원도 집단은 석호에 분포하나, 경상도 집단은 해안 암초의 해수웅덩이로 서식지 환경에 차이가 나타남
나. 멸종위기종의 유전다양성 분석 시료 확보 및 계통분석:
(1) 제비붓꽃
- 엽록체 matK 유전자 분석 결과 한국/중국 집단과 일본 집단이 1 bp 변이에 의해 구분되며, trnL intron/trnL-F IGS 구간은 동일한 것으로 나타남
- 핵 nrITS 구간 염기변이 분석 결과, 중국 집단과 일본 집단은 16개 base에서 변이가 나타나며, 한국 집단은 중국과 일본의 잡종일 것으로 추정됨
(2) 큰바늘꽃
- 엽록체 nrITS 구간, 엽록체 matK 유전자, rps16 intron 구간에서 집단간 염기변이가 나타나지 않으며 모두 동일한 것으로 나타남
Abstract
▼
This research was done to provide information on genetic diversity of endangered plant species of Korea, such as Pedicularis hallaisanensis Hurusawa and P. spicata (Orobanchaceae), Cymbidium macrorrhizum Lindl.
(Orchidaceae), Glaux maritima L. var. obtusifolia Fernald (Primulaceae), Iris laevigat
This research was done to provide information on genetic diversity of endangered plant species of Korea, such as Pedicularis hallaisanensis Hurusawa and P. spicata (Orobanchaceae), Cymbidium macrorrhizum Lindl.
(Orchidaceae), Glaux maritima L. var. obtusifolia Fernald (Primulaceae), Iris laevigata Fisch. ex Turcz. (Iridaceae), and Epilobium hirsutum L. (Onagraceae), so that we can help suggest conservation, restoration and management strategy for those endangered species. Especially for P. hallaisanensis and P. spicata, taxonomic research is required to clarify their taxonomic status. For the former three groups, we have applied microsatellite marker and AFLP analyses to investigate genetic diversity among/within populations. Variable regions of chloroplast and nuclear genome were analysed to reveal their sequence variation, to figure out phylogeographic relationships among the populations. In case of the latter two species - I. laevigata and E. hirsutum, only population sampling and sequence analyses were done for this year.
For P. hallaisanensis and P. spicata, we obtained samples from 75 individuals of 5 populations from Korea and China, and microsatellite marker analysis was done. Nu xdh gene and cp trnL intron/trnL-F IGS regions were amplified and sequenced. Results indicate that 81% of the genetic variation resides within population, while 19% among population.
The regional grouping (Jeju population vs. inland populations) represents 3% of the total variance. No sequence variation was detected from the nu xdh gene region, while cp trnL intron/trnL-F IGS presented population-specific sequence variation pattern. Although, no distinct genetic and sequence variation were detected between the two species.
These results indicate that two species need to be merged into a conspecific taxon and P. spicata has the priority. The recent reduction in population size and habitat of P. spicata strongly requires plans to save and restore the habitat in Korea.
For C. macrorrhizum, we obtained 41 individuals from 3 populations and microsatellite marker analysis was done. No sequence variation was detected from cp trnN-rpl32, ccsA-ψpsaC, rps15-ndhA exon 2, and ycf1-rps15 region. From five microsatellite markers selected from previously developed for Cymbidium species, we detected 4 distinct genotypes. All the individuals of two Jeju populations had a same genotype, while 3 genotypes were detected from Keumsan Namhae population. These results suggest that Keumsan Namhae population has priority in conservation and should be considered as a source material for future restoration and proliferation project. Due to heavy drought during the early summer of this year, unfortunately, we failed to obtain samples from other habitats under National Parks' monitoring. Future work with expanded samples using the selected microsatellite markers for C. macrorrhizum will help enhance our understanding of its geographic distribution pattern of genetic variation.
For Glaux maritima var. obtusifolia, we obtained samples from 236 individuals of 12 populations from Korea, Japan and Russia. Genetic diversity analysis was done by AFLP and nu xdh gene and nrITS region, and cp matK gene regions were amplified and sequenced. No sequence variation was detected from the nuclear and chloroplast regions, except that the Russian samples have distinct sequence type from Korea and Japan samples. AFLP results distinguished 12 populations into 4 groups - Russia, Gangwon, and Akita (Japan) populations in one group, Gyungsang populations group, Aomori and Nemuro (Japan) group, and Miyagi (Japan) group. Gangwon populations occur in lagoon with sandy soil, while Gyungsang populations in tidepools in rocky coastal area. The Gangwon populations are fairly well protected by local government and have larger area, but the three populations in Gyungsang area are vulnerable to human activity and under strong human interference, and have limited distribution area. Thus, we need to provide protection plan to conserve those Gyungsang populations and take measures to reduce human interference.
For I. laevigata, we have collected 150 individuals of 8 populations from Korea, China, and Japan. Nu nrITS region and cp trnK 5'-matK-trnK 3' and trnL intron/trnL-F IGS regions were amplified and sequenced to investigate the phylogeographic pattern. Although no sequence variation was detected from the cp trnL intron/trnL-F IGS region, cp trnK 5'-matK-trnK 3' region distinguished the Japan populations from Korea and China populations with 1 base pair distinction in matK gene.
Interestingly, nu nrITS region sequence presented distinct 16 base pair diffrences between the Japan and China populations. The two Korean populations presented overlapping pattern of Japan and China populations, strongly suggesting hybrid origin. Further sampling and genetic variation analysis will help understand the origin and phylogeographic pattern of genetic variation in I. laevigata, in the succeeding year. The two populations in Korea need further protection due to the limited size of habitat.
For E. hirsutum, we have obtained samples from 140 individuals of 7 populations from Korea and Japan. Nu nrITS region and cp matK gene and rps16 intron regions were amplified and sequenced to investigate the phylogeographic pattern. No sequence variation was detected from the sequenced marker regions. Considering the seeds with hairs and perennial habit of E. hirsutum by underground stems, the species seems to colonize wet areas along the stream quickly and rapidly. However, further survey and protection plans are needed, since these habitats are under severe human interference and vulnerable to development.
The results obtained from the project will help conserve the endangered plant species in Korea, and further facilitate the conservation plans of the local and central governments of Korea. All the obtained genetic information will be stored in Wildlife Genetic Information System (WIGIS) of the National Institute of Biological Resources, Ministry of Environment, and voucher speciemens are deposited in KB herbarium (NIBR) and databased.
목차 Contents
- 표지 ... 1
- 제 출 문 ... 3
- 요 약 문 ... 4
- Abstract ... 9
- 목 차 ... 12
- 표 목 차 ... 13
- 그 림 목 차 ... 15
- I. 연구 개요 ... 18
- 1. 연구 목적 및 배경 ... 18
- 2. 연구 제안 범위 ... 22
- 3. 주요 연구 내용 ... 26
- II. 연구 수행 조직 및 계획 ... 32
- 1. 수행 조직 및 업무 분장 ... 32
- 2. 수행 실적 관리 계획 ... 35
- 3. 추진 전략 및 계획 ... 36
- III. 연구 수행 결과 및 고찰 ... 40
- 1. 한라송이풀 (Pedicularis hallaisanensis Hurus., 열당과)의 분류학적 실체 규명 및 유전다양성 분석 ... 40
- 2. 대흥란 (Cymbidium macrorrhizum Lindl., 난초과)의 유전다양성 분석 ... 58
- 3. 갯봄맞이 (Glaux maritima L. var. obtusifolia Fernald, 앵초)의 유전다양성 분석 ... 80
- 4. 제비붓꽃 (Iris laevigata Fisch. ex Turcz., 붓꽃과)의 시료 확보 및 계통분석 ... 101
- 5. 큰바늘꽃 (Epilobium hirsutum L., 바늘꽃과)의 시료 확보 및 계통분석 ... 113
- 6. 주요 유전자원 관리방안 ... 122
- IV. 활용 방안 ... 123
- V. 참 고 문 헌 ... 125
- 끝페이지 ... 130
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