보고서 정보
주관연구기관 |
국립원예특작과학원 National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science |
보고서유형 | 최종보고서 |
발행국가 | 대한민국 |
언어 |
한국어
|
발행년월 | 2014-02 |
과제시작연도 |
2013 |
주관부처 |
농촌진흥청 Rural Development Administration(RDA) |
등록번호 |
TRKO201400011167 |
과제고유번호 |
1395031198 |
사업명 |
강소농수익모델현장접목연구 |
DB 구축일자 |
2014-07-26
|
DOI |
https://doi.org/10.23000/TRKO201400011167 |
초록
▼
Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
○ 다겹보온커튼 및 기능성 필름에 의한 보온력 향상 및 에너지 절감 효과 구명
- 다겹보온커튼 이용으로 수막보온과 무설치 대비 각각 48.8%, 70.4% 난방비 절감
- 고투광성 필름 이용으로 PE필름 대비 난방비 3.6% 절감
○ 탄산가스 시용에 의한 품질향상 및 생산성 증대 효과 구명
- CO2 시용으로 무처리 대비 약 12.6% 증수 및 상품률 10.5% 향상
○ 딸기 선도유지 저비용 CO2 처리기술 개발 및 냉동딸기 가공기술 매뉴얼 작
Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
○ 다겹보온커튼 및 기능성 필름에 의한 보온력 향상 및 에너지 절감 효과 구명
- 다겹보온커튼 이용으로 수막보온과 무설치 대비 각각 48.8%, 70.4% 난방비 절감
- 고투광성 필름 이용으로 PE필름 대비 난방비 3.6% 절감
○ 탄산가스 시용에 의한 품질향상 및 생산성 증대 효과 구명
- CO2 시용으로 무처리 대비 약 12.6% 증수 및 상품률 10.5% 향상
○ 딸기 선도유지 저비용 CO2 처리기술 개발 및 냉동딸기 가공기술 매뉴얼 작성
- 수출용 딸기 CO2 처리로 경도 증가 : 설향 0.44 → 0.50, 매향 0.68 → 0.96 Kg
- 수출용 딸기 저 비용 CO2처리 필름 챔버(chamber) 사용 조건 구명
→ 100㎛ PE 필름(240×180cm) 챔버에서 3시간 CO2 농도 유지
○ 시설딸기 해충의 생물적 방제효과 구명
- 칠레이리응애 6~7회 방사(2만마리/33㎡)로 알은 31.1%, 약·성충은 82.5%의 방제효과
- 작은뿌리파리 천적(아큐레이퍼응애) 처리로 딸기 피해주율 평균 0.1%로 살충제 처리구의 피해주율 10.5% 대비 매우 낮게 나타남
○ 딸기 고설식 수경재배를 이용한 생력재배 효과 구명
- 생력형 수경재배기술(배양액 관리, 배지 선택과 소독, 기형과 경감, 봄철 고온회피 및 육묘시설 개선 등) 종합 투입으로 노동시간 및 노동강도를 20% 이상 줄였으며, 단위면적당 생산량은 38.1% 증가, 조수익은 87.6% 증대하였음
○ 딸기 준고랭지 생산을 위한 정식기 조절 및 품질향상 기술 개발
- 준고랭지에서 8월 하순 정식으로 9월 정식 대비 초기수량(11~2월) 13.5%, 총 상품수량은 5% 증수
- 착과수 5~7개(화방당) 조절 및 액아제거(3회) 실시로 방임구 대비 23% 증수
- 봄철(4~5월) 준고랭지 생산 딸기는 평지 대비 당도 5~10%, 경도 12~20% 향상
Abstract
▼
1. Integrated application of energy saving and sustainable production technology on the protected strawberry
The greenhouse area of strawberry cultivating in winter season is about 6,290ha, which takes up to 97.7% of total strawberry cultivating area in Korea. And most of greenhouse farmers are u
1. Integrated application of energy saving and sustainable production technology on the protected strawberry
The greenhouse area of strawberry cultivating in winter season is about 6,290ha, which takes up to 97.7% of total strawberry cultivating area in Korea. And most of greenhouse farmers are using water-curtain by keep warming of strawberry greenhouses. Recently, rapid increase of global oil price imposed heavy burden on farm household. This study was conducted focused on energy saving using by multi layer curtain and PO film.
Heating costs of greenhouse with multi layer curtain system was lower 48.8% and 70.4% than two layer plastic film greenhouse with water-curtain or without ones individually. Also, oil consumption amount for heating greenhouse was lower 3.6% under covering of PO film than PE film. As a result of CO2 suppling before ventilation of greenhouse in the morning, the yield was higher 12.6% and the percentage of marketable fruit was higher 10.5% than untreatment of CO2.
2. Integrated application of post-harvest management technology on strawberry.
Strawberry is perishable because the flesh firmness softens rapidly during the storage and distribution. This study was conducted to determine CO2 treatment condition to extend shelf-life of ‘Seolhyang' strawberry. Unripe strawberries (70% coloration) harvested in February were transported to Suwon City and stored at 4℃ for 1 and 3 days. The samples were placed in gas-tight chamber with 0, 5, 15, or 30% CO2 concentration for 3 hours at 3℃. Samples were then packaged in PET tray immediately and stored at 4℃. Carbon dioxide treatment was effective in maintaining quality of ' Seolhyang' strawberries treated with CO2 gas after 1 day from harvest. The samples had higher firmness, lower redness, softening index, and decay rate compared to samples treated with CO2 gas after 3 days from harvest. Both 15 and 30% of CO2 concentration induced increase of firmness of ' Seolhyang' strawberry after 3 hour treatment. Samples treated with 15 and 30% CO2 after 1 day from harvest maintained quality for 12 days. However, samples treated with CO2 after 3 days from harvest lost marketability at 10 days of storage, 13 days from harvest. Atmosphere containing 30% CO2 was most effective in reducing decay rate and softening among different CO2 concentrations for strawberries treated after 1 day from harvest. Carbon dioxide treatment technology using plastic film chamber was designed and adopted in strawberry industry. The practical technology also showed the effectiveness that strawberry treated with 30% CO2 concentration for 3 hours had better quality with higher sensorial score compared to samples without CO2 treatment. Thus, 30% CO2 treatment can be a practical postharvest technology to extend shelf-life of ' Seolhyang' strawberry. Practical technology of CO2 treatment using plastic film and airtight acrylic chamber was developed to transfer the technology to strawberry industry.
3. Integrated application of biological control technology on Insect of strawberry
Tetranychus urticae, Aphis gossypii, Chaetosiphon miner, Frankliniella intonsa, Bradysia difformis, and Spodoptera exigua were the important pest species in an elevated production system for strawberry greenhouses. Phytoseiulus persimilis was released 6∼7 times at a rate of 20,000 nymphs and adults per 330㎡ during September to next June in 2012 and 2013, respectively. Control effect for T. urticae was 31.1% in eggs and 82.5% in nymphs and adults, respectively, compared to non-treatment. In raising seedlings of strawberries, biocontrol efficacy was successfully maintained 0.1 eggs, nymphs and adults of T. urticae per leaf until June to August when Phytoseiulus persimilis was released 3∼4 times at a rate of 20,000 nymphs and adults per 330㎡ in 2012 and 2013. Hypoaspis aculeifer effectively controlled the fungus gnats, Bradysia difformis on strawberry greenhouses. The counting numbers on the traps for B. difformis adults and damage rate of strawberry plants were each 65.9 and 0.1% in H. aculeifer released and 217.3 and 10.5% in insecticide treated, respectively.
4. Integrated application of labor saving technology using by hydroponics on strawberry
The purpose of this study is to develop the earning model for the soilless strawberry growers through the application and reviewing of the cultivation technologies already produced by many research and development activities, on the whole process from the seedling to the harvest of strawberries. The related technologies on improved seedling facilities, shading agent spray in high temperature season, disinfection treatment before reusing the soilless substrates, changing the substrates from peatmoss to cocopeat, and advices about the supply management of nutrient solution were applied to the soilless strawberry grower placed in the Hapcheon county of Gyeongnam province, Korea (Lee, Yong Tae, strawberry growing area 0.5ha).
The labor force for the soilless strawberry culture varied little before and after the application of the above technologies. However the labor intensity and labor hours for the soilless strawberry culture in 2013 were decreased more than 20%, comparing those of the soil culture in 2011. The yield of strawberries per unit area before the application of the above technologies marked 3,000kg/10a in 2011, and it was increased up to 4,143kg/10a in 2013 (38.1%↑) after the application of the technologies. It was assumed that the increase in the strawberry productivity was achieved by the successful application and stabilization of the technologies for improved seedling facilities, control of the planting time, shading agent spray in high temperature season, disinfection treatment of reusing substrates, changing to the renewable soilless substrates, and supply management of nutrient solution. The effects of the application of these technologies can be recognized in rather short period of time, and it was also considered that the strawberry productivity could be increased further if the grower understand and make use of the technologies comprehensively. Produced strawberries are all sold to exporting or domestic distribution companies thus the increase in the productivity justly bring the increase in the sales amount. The gross margin before the application of above technologies in 2011 was 15 million won/10a, and it was increased up to 21.4 million won/10a in 2013 (87.6%↑) due to the increase in strawberry yield and quality. Of this grower, the strawberry greenhouse facilities were usually flooded in the summer before, but the elevated soilless facilities were able to escape from the flooding, and thus improved the productivity and quality of strawberries. The unit price of the strawberry was 5,000/kg in 2011 and 5,164/kg in 2013 (3.3%↑), but the increase in the yield marked 38.1%, which was considered to be the major factor for the sales increase. The total production cost increased to 10.5%, because of the increase in labor and fuel cost.
5. Integrated application of strawberry production technology on semi-alpine area.
This study was conducted to evaluate possibility of semi-alpine area as new production region of strawberry by the application of various techniques, such as adjustment of planting period, strengthening of covering materials and management of plant growth.
The harvest starting date of ‘Seolhyang’ and ‘Daewang’ cultivar planted in late August were 6 and 9 days, respectively, earlier than that of early September. Total yield of strawberry planted in late August increased by 5~7% as compared to that of early September. Air and rhizosphere temperature of the plot treated with multifold thermal covering (MTC) and polyolefin (PO) film between early September and late February were 0.9℃ and 0.7℃, respectively, higher than those of the plot treated with polyethylene (PE) film under keeping the greenhouse temperature at 5℃ or higher. And the yield of strawberry in plot treated with MTC and PO film was increased 22% as compared to that of plot treated with PE film. Under the controlling 5~7 fruits per flower cluster with the removal of axillary bud in both ‘Seolhyang’ and ‘Daewang’ cultivar, fruit weight was heavier and marketable yield was higher than those of the plot without controlling. The average daily temperature of sub-alpine region between April 1 and May 30 was 1.8℃ lower than those of plain region. And the strawberry produced in sub-alpine region during the period had relatively high soluble solids content, low acidity, and high firmness. Also, producing period of strawberry in sub-alpine region was 24 days longer than that in plain region.
These results indicated that strawberry of good quality could be produced in semi-alpine region with minimal heating under greenhouse strengthened heat-conservation materials through adjustment of planting time and plant vigor.
목차 Contents
- 표 지 ... 1
- 제 출 문 ... 2
- 요 약 문 ... 4
- S U M M A R Y ... 6
- 목 차 ... 9
- 제 1 장 서 론 ... 10
- 제 2 장 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 14
- 제 3 장 연구개발 수행 내용 및 결과 ... 19
- <제1세부과제 : 딸기 에너지절감 및 안정생산 기술 종합 투입> ... 19
- <제2세부과제 : 딸기 수확후 관리기술종합 투입> ... 23
- <제3세부과제 : 딸기 해충의 생물적 방제기술 종합 투입> ... 37
- <제4세부과제 : 딸기 수경재배를 이용한 생력재배기술 종합 투입> ... 47
- <제5세부과제 : 딸기 준고랭지 생산기술 종합 투입> ... 64
- 제 4 장 연구개발 목표 달성도 및 대외 기여도 ... 72
- 1. 연구목표 대비 대외 달성도 ... 72
- 2. 정량적 성과 ... 72
- 제 5 장 연구개발결과의 활용계획 ... 73
- 제 6 장 참고문헌 ... 74
- 끝페이지 ... 80
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.