초록 ▼

Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
단감원 화학비료 절감을 위한 관비 재배 시 적정 추비 기준량은 관행의 50% 일 때 100%보다 당도가 0.9∼1.7°Bx 향상되었으며, 평균과중은 25% 보다 41g 증가하여 과실품질이 향상되었다. 따라서 관해의 50% 수준으로 관비하면 과실품질의 향상과 화학비료 절감 효과도 있을 것으로
기대된다. 시비 시기는 발아기 물이 오르기 시작하는 3월부터 수확 1개월 전인 10월까지 시비하고, 시비 간격은 기상상황에 따라 10∼15일 주기로 하였으며, 총 11회 시비한다.
예취횟수에 따른 토양화학성은 연

Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
단감원 화학비료 절감을 위한 관비 재배 시 적정 추비 기준량은 관행의 50% 일 때 100%보다 당도가 0.9∼1.7°Bx 향상되었으며, 평균과중은 25% 보다 41g 증가하여 과실품질이 향상되었다. 따라서 관해의 50% 수준으로 관비하면 과실품질의 향상과 화학비료 절감 효과도 있을 것으로
기대된다. 시비 시기는 발아기 물이 오르기 시작하는 3월부터 수확 1개월 전인 10월까지 시비하고, 시비 간격은 기상상황에 따라 10∼15일 주기로 하였으며, 총 11회 시비한다.
예취횟수에 따른 토양화학성은 연차간 큰 변화를 보이지 않았으나, 무예취에 비해 유기물 함량이나 인산, 양이온 등이 높은 경향임 토양 물리성은 예취횟수가 많을수록 용적밀도가 다소 낮아지고 공극율이 높아졌으며 무예취에 비해 개선되었다. 수량은 예취처리가 무예취에 비해 많았으며 예취횟수가 많을수록 증가하였다. 유기질비료 살포량에 따른 토양 이화학성은 무시용에 비해 모두 높았으나 살포량에 따른 차이는 적었으며 양이온은 모든 처리에서 무시용에 비해 높았고, 착과량은 모든 처리가 무시용에 비해 많았으며 수량은 기준량 50%가 가장 많았다. 녹비작물 종류별 피복도는 호밀이 93%로 가장 높았고 레드클로버가 가장 낮았고, 녹비 종류별 비료공급량은 헤어리베치가 11.6kg으로 가장 높았고 호밀은 낮았다.
도장지를 제거하지 않고 유인함으로써 영양생장을 억제함과 동시에 결과지를 확보하고 조기에 수량을 회복할 수 있다. 수관하부에 발생한 도장지를 기부에서 제거하지 말고 1/3∼1/2정도 기부방향으로 절단하여 결실용적으로 활용하면 수량을 증대시킬 수 있다. 결과모지의 길이가 30cm 이상으로 긴 가지는 그 선단의 눈을 1∼2개 정도 절단하면 세력이 안정되고 수관의 확대를 예방할 수 있다.

Abstract ▼

Development of fertigation cultivation on persimmon for eco-friendly
This experiment was performed to select the optimum fertilizer level by fertigation, and consequently to reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer in the persimmon orchards. The fertilizer levels of nitrogen and potassium in fert

Development of fertigation cultivation on persimmon for eco-friendly
This experiment was performed to select the optimum fertilizer level by fertigation, and consequently to reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer in the persimmon orchards. The fertilizer levels of nitrogen and potassium in fertiagtion were 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% respectively of conventional fertilization based on soil-testing. The best response on fruit quality of persimmon was 13.6°Bx soluble solid content and 236g fruit weight at 50% treatment. The greatest number of breaking out of water sprouts was 83.0 water sprout per tree at 100% treatment and the greatest amount of water-soluble nutrient in 1-year-old shoot and bud 23.3%, 10.9% respectively at 100% and conventional fertilization respectively.
We also investigated the effect on fruit quality and stem growth by delayed flowering in persimmon tree as, in the third year of the experiment, there is injured more than 95% of bud by low temperature during bud breaking period. The yield of persimmon tree with delayed flowering was larger at 440kg/10a than it removed at 146kg/10a and the length of water sprout of trees with delayed flowering was shorter at 54.2cm than it removed at 77.4cm.
Development of soil management technic for cost reduction in persimmon cultivation
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of cutting times on the nutrient contribution and determine the additional feed rate of organic fertilizer by sod fertilizer amount in a sweet persimmon orchard with natural sod-variety. As a result of soil
physio-chemical properties as affected by cutting times, organic matter, phosphate and cation content were higher in cutting treatment than non-cutting. The more cutting times, the higher porosity, but the less volumetric density. Nitrogen fertilizer feed rate was 9.3 to 15.6 kg per 10a as increasing cutting times in natural sod-variety. The yield increased as much as cutting times and was rather than non-cutting. Fruit weight increased cutting times increase, but the sugar content and coloration of fruit were not different among treatments.
Cation content increased the amount of organic fertilizer increase. Grass volume by organic fertilizer increased more than non-treatment. The fruit number was the most in 50% of a standard amount. Fruit weight was heavier in organic fertilizer than in control, but the sugar content of fruit was not different among treatments.
As a result of soil physical properties as affected by kinds of green manure crops, rye showed the lowest volumetric density, but it was not different in porosity among treatments. Cover degree by different kinds of green manure crops was the highest in rye and the lowest in clover, respectively. Nutrient contribution was the highest in hairy vetch and the lowest in rye, respectively. The fruit number and yield increased in rye or hairy vetch and rye mixture. The fruit weight was not different among treatments, but sugar content was the highest in hairy vetch and rye mixture.
Study on bending water sprouts for heavily pruned sweet persimmon trees
To improve production efficiency of heavily pruned ' Fuyu' persimmon (D iospyros kaki), two treatments for water sprouts, conventionally removing and new bending techniques, were compared in their water sprout growth and tree yield. In the third year from the treatment when tree vigor became stable, before dormant pruning number of branches to be used for bearing mother branch were 1,119 per tree, 1.9-fold more in the bending than in the removing treatment. Furthermore, after the pruning number of the mother branches was 284 per tree, 1.7-fold more in the bending treatment, being favorable for controlling tree vigor and fruit production. When water sprouts were bended or not in the same branch site, not-bended one produced 2.8-fold more dry matter unfavorable for the tree than bended one. Compared with the bended one apart from each other, not-bended one produced 5.3-fold more dry matter growing vigorously. Number of harvested fruits and yield were not significantly different in the first year of the treatment between bending and not-bending treatments, but it became about 2-fold more in the second and the third year. In the third year, yield of the not-bending increased by 37% compared with that of
the first year, while yield of the bending increased to 2.1-fold more. The result indicated that the bending water sprouts can be effective on stabilizing yield in vigorous trees.
Study on increasing yield in the bottom of tree canopy
To increase yield in the bottom of tree canopy, pruning water sprouts in basal part of the scaffold was conducted to remove and cut-back 1/3 or 1/2 from the terminal at dormant pruning. Before the pruning, number of water sprouts was 5.3 for the removing and the 1/3 cutting, and 5.8 for the 1/2 cutting. After the treatments, number of shoots grown from the treated water spouts was 34 for the 1/2 cutting and 36 for the 1/3 cutting in the first year 2011, and it increased to 70 and 88, respectively, in the second year. Yield of the low tree part per the tree total occupied 11.0% for the 1/2 cutting and 8.4% for the 1/3 cutting in the second year, reflecting the pruning effect of water sprouts. Therefore, cutting-back 1/2 or 1/3 of water sprout were available to improve fruiting volume in the low tree part by increasing bearing shoots the current year and earing mother branches the next year.
Study on cutting-off terminal buds of bearing mother branch
At dormant pruning, effect of cutting-off terminal buds of 1-year-old shoot (branch to be bearing mother branch the coming season) was studied on shoot growth and fruit characteristic. Cutting-off 1 to 2 buds of the shoot terminal increased numbers of shoots, leaves, flowers, and harvested fruits in a bearing mother branch, and lengthen shoot, compared with the non-treatment. In a year of the experiment, branches growing no shoot or having dead shoots were 15.0% in the non-treatment, 11.5-fold more than 1.3% in the cutting-off. Cutting-off the buds tended to increase average fruit weight and yield in a bearing mother branch.
Research on cropping of sweet persimmon orchards
Tree growth, fruit characteristics, and yield of sweet persimmon were investigated in orchards with three different technical levels of the cultural practice. Number of bearing mother branches per tree increased as the technical level became high, being even 66-82% more (2013) in the high level than 215 (2008). Full bloom of ' Fuyu' persimmon was on May 25 to 27 varying with the sites of orchards. Although not significant in 2012, number of harvested fruits per tree and yield per 10a were 472 and 2,823 kg, respectively, exhibiting 16% and 44% more in the high level than in the medium level. However, they
were 435 and 3,251 kg in 2013, respectively, with significant increases of 42% and 52% more than in the medium level. Pattern of seasonal fruit growth showed the double sigmoid curve. Fruit growth was lowered from late August to mid-September and the highest increase of fruit weight occurred from late September to harvest.
Improvement of ' K ojongsi' tree form to enhance fruit productivity with quality
' Kojongsi' trees with central leader form (CL) were renovated to modified leader form (ML) for improving the productivity. Tree height was 4.3 m in CL in the treatment year 2013, while it decreased to 3.3 m in the ML. One-year-old shoots per tree after dormant pruning was numbered to 329 to 604 in CL and 331 to 353 in ML. Harvested fruits weighed 16 to 22% more in ML than in CL. Yield per 10a was around 4,000 kg in the first year 2012, being similar between the two tree forms, but it was 1,201 kg and 2,391 kg in the second year, respectively, being 99% more in ML than CL.
Pruning time per 10a expended more in ML but the time decreased to 5.6 h in 2013 from 10.1 h in 2012, indicating better laboring condition of ML due to the lowered tree height. More harvesting time in ML of 2013 was ascribed to be its higher yield than that of CL.

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1
• 제 출 문 ... 2
• 요 약 문 ... 3
• 목차 ... 5
• SUMMARY ... 6
• 제 1 장 서 론 ... 8
• 친환경 단감 생산을 위한 관비재배 기술 개발 ... 8
• 단감 생산비 절감을 위한 토양 관리기술 개발 ... 9
• 단감 저 수량과원 생산성향상 연구 ... 9
• 제 2 장 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 11
• 친환경 단감 생산을 위한 관비재배 기술 개발 ... 11
• 단감 생산비 절감을 위한 토양 관리기술 개발 ... 11
• 단감 저 수량과원 생산성향상 연구 ... 12
• 제 3 장 연구개발 수행 내용 및 결과 ... 13
• <제 1 세부과제 : 친환경 단감 생산을 위한 관비재배 기술 개발> ... 13
• <제 1 협동과제 : 단감 생산비 절감을 위한 토양 과리기술 개발> ... 23
• <제 2협동과제 : 단감 저 수량과원 생산성향상 연구> ... 41
• 제 4 장 연구개발목표 달성도 및 대외기여도 ... 56
• 1절 : 목표대비 달성도 ... 57
• 2절 : 정량적 성과(논문게재, 특허출원, 기타) ... 57
• 제 5 장 연구개발결과의 활용계획 ... 57
• 제 6 장 연구개발과정에서 수집한 해외과학기술정보 ... 58
• 제 7 장 기타 중요 변동사항 ... 58
• 제 8 장 국가과학기술종합정보시스템에 등록한 연구장비 현황 ... 58
• 제 9 장 참고문헌 ... 58
• 끝페이지 ... 61