초록

Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
본 연구결과를 종합해보면 가축분뇨의 철저한 관리와 적확한 이용을 위해 통합관리 프로그램이 필요하며, 최근 다양한 분야에서 이용되고 있는 유비쿼터스 기술을 접목할 경우, 실시간으로 발생부터 순환까지 모니터링 할 수 있는 시스템 개발이 가능한 것으로 나타났음. 특히, 동 시스템은 환경부가 가축분뇨의 관리 및 이용에 관한 법률 개정으로 제도적으로 시행코자 하는 ‘가축분뇨 전자인계관리시스템’과 연계할 경우 더욱 효율적인 관리 프로그램이 될 수 있을 것으로 사료됨.

Abstract ▼

The purpose of this study is to develop a total livestock manure management system using ubiquitous information communication technology(u-ICT) which can fundamentally eradicate environmental contamination through total management from the generation of livestock manure to transport, treatment, and

The purpose of this study is to develop a total livestock manure management system using ubiquitous information communication technology(u-ICT) which can fundamentally eradicate environmental contamination through total management from the generation of livestock manure to transport, treatment, and return to farmland by applying ubiquitous technology and information communication technology of which its application is active in each field recently.
The most commonly used method in Korea was selected for standard method for each treatment, in order to extract critical management factors and u-ICT application factors for total livestock manure management. As a result, ' liquid fertilization system through aerobic fermentation' of livestock manure recycling standard blueprint was selected for liquid fertilization, ' agitated sawdust fermentation facility (straight type) for compositing' , and ' aerobic microorganism fermentation and purification system' for purification and discharge. As u-ICT application factors through sensor among critical management factors, 4 factors of flux, temperature, pH, and oxidation-reduction potential(ORP) were extracted for liquid fertilization, 1 factor of temperature was applied to 3 points in case of compositing, and 4 factors of flux, temperature, pH, and ORP were extracted for purification and discharge were extracted. Different from other studies, more than three factors (core factor ' temperature' was applied to 3 points in case of compositing) were applied simultaneously in this study in order to minimize the range of error that can generate and u-ICT application factors for stable use and convenience of user were extracted by focusing on monitoring function which detects status change of each fermentation facility which is maintained constantly instead of value change and time of change for each item to be checked for liquid fertilizer aeration tank and compositing fermentation tank with severe change in activation of aerobic microorganism based on surrounding condition and environment.
After that, we carried out with the purpose of developing region and nationwide total livestock manure management program to enable management of livestock manure, compositing, and liquid fertilizer generated within region in unit of each city and gun local self governing body and implement it web-based system in order to enable nationwide inspection and management. In order to develop region and nationwide total livestock manure management program, the concept of region and nationwide total management was established first. Then, the core management goal was set for each of 4 stages including generation, inflow/transport, treatment, and recycling respectively for program modeling.
Accordingly, it was programmed so that flux (water level), pH, and ORP sensor information of farm can be implemented as u-ICT application factors at generation stage. global positioning system(GPS) information on transport/spraying vehicle at inflow/transport stage, and flux (water level), temperature, pH, and ORP sensor information for treatment stage. In regards to GPS information of transport/spraying vehicle, it was implemented as web-based for easy recognition. For quality management factors of treatment stage, it was established so that critical value is set and total analysis result of ' inspection required' and ' abnormal' can be implemented when 1 and 2 items or more present measurement value deviating from critical value respectively.
Particularly, this program is developed as web-based thus nationwide inspection and management is available when information of each city and gun is input.
Finally, the verification of total livestock manure management system using u-ICT developed before is conducted. u-ICT factors applied sensor was selected considering environment adaptability, price, estimated significance of measurement value, convenience in purchase, and others based on domestic and overseas sensor examination results. Sensor node and wireless communication equipment was developed with cooperation of participating company Octacomm Co., Ltd. In regards to installation of sensor and network equipment at treatment facility, 3 types including pH, ORP, and water level were installed at sump, 3 types including temperature, pH, and ORP at aeration tank, 3 types including pH, ORP, and water level at storage tank, 1 temperature at 3 points for compositing facility, and gateway and CCTV at office were installed. At generating farm, 3 types including pH, ORP, and water level were installed for aeration tank and gateway and CCTV were installed to office. Also, GPS equipment was installed 5 vehicles of recycling company for collection, transport, and spraying. As a result of data measurement through USN of treatment facility, it was revealed that there was change in temperature at range of 40∼55℃, pH at the range of 7.8∼8.0, and ORP at -380∼450mV which was significant in comparison with result of pH and ORP measured manually during the same period.
Also, it was analyzed that sensor data is more stable. Also, quality management factors were applied as u-ICT factors and critical value was set regarding 3 items for liquid fertilization treatment facility for the convenience in management by user. Critical value was measured at aeration tank 4 which is middle level among total 8 aeration tanks. In regards to critical value of verification target treatment facility, critical value was set as 8∼8.6 for pH, over -150 for ORP, and under 50℃for summer and over 30℃ for winter in case of temperature accordingly.
In conclusion, it was revealed that total management program is necessary for thorough management of livestock manure and accurate use and development of system which offers realtime monitoring from generation to recycling is possible when ubiquitous technology, recently used in various fields, is applied to the program. Particularly, this system will become more effective management program when it is executed in conjunction with ' livestock manure e-transfer management system' which is promoted as an institutional policy of Ministry of Environment followed by the revision of law related to livestock manure management and use.

목차 Contents

• 표 지 ... 1
• 제출문 ... 2
• 요 약 문 ... 3
• SUMMARY ... 6
• 목 차 ... 8
• 제 1 장 서 론 ... 11
• 1절 연구개발의 목적 ... 11
• 2절 연구개발의 필요성 ... 11
• 1. 국내 가축분뇨 관리기술의 문제점 ... 11
• 2. u-ICT 기술을 이용한 가축분뇨 관리기술 개발의 필요성 ... 13
• 3절 연구개발의 범위 ... 13
• 제 2 장 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 15
• 1절 가축분뇨 처리 및 순환 현황 ... 15
• 1. 국내 가축분뇨 발생 및 처리현황 ... 15
• 2. 가축분뇨 처리 및 순환 유형 ... 16
• 3. 가축분뇨 처리 및 순환 현황 ... 17
• 2절 가축분뇨 관리기술 및 요소 ... 19
• 1. 가축분뇨 발생단계의 주요 관리요소 ... 21
• 2. 가축분뇨 처리단계의 주요 관리요소 ... 24
• 3. 가축분뇨 순환단계의 주요 관리요소 ... 27
• 3절 축산분야 유비쿼터스 기술적용 국내ㆍ외 사례 ... 29
• 1. 축산분야 유비쿼터스 기술적용 국내외 사례 분석 및 적용성 검토 ... 29
• 2. 해외 U-Farm 관련 사례조사 ... 43
• 3. 유비쿼터스 기술 적용관련 논문 동향 ... 51
• 4. 저탄소관련 동향 조사 ... 69
• 4절 국내ㆍ외 관련 특허동향 조사 및 분석 ... 83
• 1. 가축분뇨 수거, 퇴액비, 바이오가스 생산, 정화 및 살포 관련 특허 및 정보처리 관련 특허 조사 ... 83
• 2. 요소기술(Web/Mobile-GIS, GPS, Ubiquitous, USN 및 Smart-phone)별 최근의 주요 특허 조사 및 정리 ... 97
• 5절 국내ㆍ외 가축분뇨 관련 정보시스템 ... 108
• 1. 국내사례(국립수의과학검역원 K A HIS) ... 108
• 2. 해외사례 ... 119
• 6절 국내ㆍ외 관련 센서조사 ... 121
• 1. 가스센서의 기업체 현황 ... 121
• 2. 온도센서의 기업체 현황 ... 125
• 제 3 장 연구개발수행 내용 및 결과 ... 127
• 1절 가축분뇨 통합관리를 위한 중점 관리요소 도출 ... 127
• 1. 사용자 요구사항 분석 ... 127
• 2. 가축분뇨 처리방식별 표준방식 설정 ... 134
• 3. 처리 및 순환유형별 중점관리요소 도출 ... 141
• 4. 처리 및 순환유형별 u-ICT 적용요소 도출 ... 148
• 2절 u-ICT 관리요소에 대한 센서 선정 ... 150
• 1. 센서 선정 ... 150
• 2. 적용 가능한 센서 검토 결과 ... 152
• 3. 현장에 적용한 센서 사양 ... 157
• 3절 지역 및 국가단위 가축분뇨 통합관리 시스템 개발 ... 163
• 1. 시스템 아키텍처 ... 163
• 2. 처리 및 유통단계 모니터링 시스템 개발 ... 166
• 3. 유통단계 가축분뇨 이동 및 정보 활용 시스템 설계 및 구현 ... 191
• 4절 u-ICT를 적용한 가축분뇨 통합관리 시스템 시범운영 ... 220
• 1. 선정농장 및 자원화 사업체 센서 설치 ... 220
• 2. 시스템 구축 및 시범운영 ... 225
• 3. 처리단계의 pH, ORP, 온도, 수위 측정 결과 및 분석 ... 238
• 4. 시스템 운영성과 평가 및 보완 ... 248
• 5절 자원화 사업체 경제성 분석 프로그램 제작 및 시범활용 ... 249
• 1. 기초설계 ... 249
• 2. 고정지출 및 감가상각 분석 ... 252
• 3. 자원화 사업체 경영분석 ... 253
• 4. 경제성 분석 프로그램 구성 ... 254
• 제 4 장 연구개발 목표 달성도 및 대외 기여도 ... 259
• 1절 : 목표대비 달성도 ... 259
• 2절 : 정량적 성과(논문게재, 특허출원, 기타) ... 260
• 제 5 장 연구개발결과의 활용계획 ... 261
• 1. 추가 연구의 필요성 ... 261
• 2. 기업화 추진방안 ... 261
• 제 6 장 연구개발과정에서 수집한 해외과학기술정보 ... 262
• 제 7 장 기타 중요 변동사항 ... 264
• 제 8 장 국가과학기술종합정보시스템에 등록한 연구장비 현황 ... 265
• 제 9 장 참고문헌 ... 266
• 끝페이지 ... 272