초록 ▼

○ 연구결과
살균제의 살포회수를 줄이기 위해서는 살포간격을 현재의 15일에서 20일 또는 25일로 늘려야하는데, 이를 위한 기초 연구로 살균제의 보호 및 치료효과 최대 지속 기간 조사, 살포체계 구성 개별 살균제의 병 방제에의 기여도 평가 등의 실험 결과에 근거하여 살균제의 살포간격을 20일, 25일로 하는 살포체계를 작성, 병 방제효과를 검정한 결과 25일 간격 살포체계의 병 방제효과가 15일 또는 25일간격 살포체계와 거의 대등하거나 오히려 높은 경우도 있었으므로 이 연구에서 개발하는 살포체계의 살포간격을 25일 (연간 7

○ 연구결과
살균제의 살포회수를 줄이기 위해서는 살포간격을 현재의 15일에서 20일 또는 25일로 늘려야하는데, 이를 위한 기초 연구로 살균제의 보호 및 치료효과 최대 지속 기간 조사, 살포체계 구성 개별 살균제의 병 방제에의 기여도 평가 등의 실험 결과에 근거하여 살균제의 살포간격을 20일, 25일로 하는 살포체계를 작성, 병 방제효과를 검정한 결과 25일 간격 살포체계의 병 방제효과가 15일 또는 25일간격 살포체계와 거의 대등하거나 오히려 높은 경우도 있었으므로 이 연구에서 개발하는 살포체계의 살포간격을 25일 (연간 7회)로 결정. 후지품종에 대한 살포체계를 2년간 2단계를 거쳐 수정 보완하였고. 조..중생종 품종 및 유대재배를 위한 살포체계도 동시에 개발했다. 후지품종에 대한 살포체계를 2년간 연 71농가에서 실증 시험한 결과, 2003년도와 같은 불순한 기상 조건에서도 우수한 방제효과가 확인되었음.

Abstract ▼

The currently prevailing spray program which had also been developed by the present author suggests to spray fungicides at 15-day interval from petal fall to late August. This study was conducted to reduce fungicide spray frequency by extending the spray interval.
To obtain basic data for. develo

The currently prevailing spray program which had also been developed by the present author suggests to spray fungicides at 15-day interval from petal fall to late August. This study was conducted to reduce fungicide spray frequency by extending the spray interval.
To obtain basic data for. developing the spray program with extended spray interval, various experiments were conducted as follows:
1. Dithianon and fluazinam were newly selected for developing the spray program.
2. By the experiment to detect maximum duration of protective efficacy of fungicides against white rot, an economically acceptable control efficacy was revealed to be maintained until more than 30 days in some fungicides such as azoxystrobin, dithianon and iminoctadine-triacetate.
3. It was revealed that when the two chemicals, azoxystrobin and iminoctadine-triacetate, which have shown curative activity against white rot were applied at around late July, the infection frequency and disease incidence of white rot can considerably be reduced.
4. In the experiment to detect the effect of certain fungicide on the control efficacy of the fungicides which are to be sprayed latter against white rot and bitter rot, it was revealed that the fungicide sprayed at late May have propound effect on the final control of white rot.
5. The experiment to assess the contribution value of individual fungicide constituting the spray program on the control of major apple diseases was conducted by comparing the incidence of the diseases at each plot where the relevant fungicide in each spraying time was omitted and those of the complete spray plot. In may cases, the omission of one fungicide in the spray program of I5-day spray interval had little effect on the control of white rot and bitter rot, However, a few fungicide positively contributed in the control of the diseases of which case the omission cause the increase of disease incidence.
Integrating all of tlle informations obtained above. 2 spray programs with 20- and 25-day inlerval [rom pelal [all to late August were formulated, and their conh'ol efficacy against major apple diseases including white rot which were obtained by pilot test were compared with that of the standard spray program with 15-day spray interval. In spite of the lower spray frequency by two tin1es per year at the prograrn with 25-day spray interval than the standard spray program, the disease incidences of while rot and biller rot in the plot where the former program was adopted were lower or almost equivalent, varied by the year, to those of the plot where the latter was adopted. Trials for improving the spray program by altering the chemicals of 3, 4 and 5th spray were conducted for 2 years. It was revealed that only a single change of the chemical in the program resulted in a magnitude effect on the control of lhe diseases. The spray program for early or mid-season varieties on which bitter rot is main target was also formulated by repeated trials for improvement. The effectiveness of the program on the control of major apple diseases was demonstrated by farm trial at 17 farms in 2002 and at 54 farms in 2003.
Especially, in spite of extremely frequent rain during the apple growing season in 2003, no farms have had severe damage by the diseases except two by Marssonina blotch.
From these results o[ the experiments, we decided to promote the program to the farmers in 2004. It can be said that the final goal of this study in which the frequency of fungicidal spray are to be reduced to less than 8 times and suppressing the incidence of \vhite rot to less than 2 % was accomplished. However, it might well be said that the spray schemes developed in this study have still some room for improvement.

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1
• 제출문 ... 2
• 요약문 ... 3
• SUMMARY ... 14
• Contents ... 16
• 목차 ... 19
• 제1장 서론 ... 21
• 제1절 연구개발의 목적 ... 21
• 제2장 연구기간 중의 기상 개황 및 사과 병 발생상황 ... 24
• 제1절 연구기간 중의 기상 개황 ... 24
• 제2절 전반적인 사과 병의 발생 상황 ... 26
• 제3장 과실 병해 감염시기의 연차간 변동 ... 30
• 제1절 겹무늬썩음병 ... 30
• 제2절 탄저병 ... 33
• 제4장 초저농약 방제체계 개발을 위한 살균제의 선발 ... 37
• 제1절 겹무늬썩음병 방제를 위한 약제의 신규 선발 ... 37
• 제2절 겹무늬썩음병 방제약제의 보호효과 최대 지속기간 ... 41
• 제3절 겹무늬썩음병 방제 약제의 치료효과 최대 지속기간 ... 45
• 제4절 방제체계에 있어서 특정시기 살포 약제가 다음 약제의 겹무늬썩음병 방제 효과에 미치는 영향 ... 48
• 제5절 방제체계 내의 개별 살균제의 기여도 평가법 개발 ... 57
• 제5장 초저농약 살포체계의 개발 ... 71
• 제1절 살포간격을 달리하는 방제체계의 병 방제효과의 차이 ... 71
• 제2절 유대재배 적용 살포체계의 개발 ... 75
• 제3절 후지품종에서의 살포간격을 25일로 하는 초저농약 살포체계의 개발 ... 83
• 제4절 조.중생종 품종에서의 살포간격을 25일로 하는 초저농약 살포체계의 개발 ... 88
• 제5절 후지품종과 조.중생종이 혼식된 과원에서 25일 간격의 초저농약 살포체계의 개발 ... 93
• 제6절 살포간격 25일 체계에서 개별 살균제의 병 방제에의 기여도 평가 ... 96
• 제7절 초저농약 살포체계의 농가 실증시험 ... 99
• 제6장 결론 ... 103
• 참고문헌 ... 105
• 끝페이지 ... 108