초록 ▼

○ 연구개발 목표 및 내용
내 용
자생철쭉과 도입철쭉과의 형질도입
1. 우량자생종과 도입종의 gene pool
2. 교배임성 조사
3. 불화합 타파기술
4. 우량 분화용 신품종 육성
5. 우량 정원용 신품종 육성
6. 우량 여름개화용 신품종 육성
목 표
Gene pool 조성확대
종간 교배임성 조사 완성
종간 교배 불임성 극복기술 확립
우량분화용 신품종 육성
우량 정원용 신품종 육성
우량 여름개화용 신품종 육성
내 용
대량 번식법 개발

○ 연구개발 목표 및 내용
내 용
자생철쭉과 도입철쭉과의 형질도입
1. 우량자생종과 도입종의 gene pool
2. 교배임성 조사
3. 불화합 타파기술
4. 우량 분화용 신품종 육성
5. 우량 정원용 신품종 육성
6. 우량 여름개화용 신품종 육성
목 표
Gene pool 조성확대
종간 교배임성 조사 완성
종간 교배 불임성 극복기술 확립
우량분화용 신품종 육성
우량 정원용 신품종 육성
우량 여름개화용 신품종 육성
내 용
대량 번식법 개발
1. 난 발근 철쭉 실생번식법
2. Apomixis의 활용
3. 육종연한 단축 및 난번식종 조직배양법 구명
4. 플러그 육묘 기술
목 표
실생번식체계 확립
Apomixis에 의한 무성실생 번식 기술확립
철쭉류 조직배양법 구명
플러그 육묘 기술 확립
○ 연구결과: 신품종육성
○기술개발: 7건(각항목별 내용 및 최종보고서 전체적요참조)
○ 연구성과 활용실적 및 계획
1. 품평회 및 기호성조사= 6회. 2. 학회발표=9건. 3. 농민교육=17회. 4.농촌진흥청영농기술활용=4건(채택) 5.대중매체홍보=6건. 6.현지농민지도=4장소에서 59명 지도.7. 학위취득=석사1명.
8. 계획=종자관리소에 등록하고 주산지에 이품종이 널리 쓰이도록 교육

Abstract ▼

This study was carried out to breed new azalea cultivars in adaptation korean climate and environments, and to develop mass propagation techniques for difficulty rooting species such as Rhododendron schlippenbachii, R. mucronulatum and R. japonicum. Results were as follows;
1. Collection species

This study was carried out to breed new azalea cultivars in adaptation korean climate and environments, and to develop mass propagation techniques for difficulty rooting species such as Rhododendron schlippenbachii, R. mucronulatum and R. japonicum. Results were as follows;
1. Collection species of native and exotic azaleas for creating gene pool, and new cultivar breeding for using pot azalea and summer flowering ones. The projects of collection and breeding for azaleas have been carried out since 1990 untill 2000. There added with present gene pools including more species that three species 25 cultivars in R. obtusum, 59 cultivars in R. indicum, R. mucronatum ′Akado′, 6 cultivars included R. obtusum. ′Hinode′ And line of R. yedoense var. poukhanense in hardness enough Korea winter collected with R. ′Zasanhong′ two lines. In addition with these R. schlippenbachii one line and 13 cultivars of R. simsii hybrids were collected for this study.Native ones collected total 38 lines that were 20 lines of R. mucronulatum and 18 lines of R. schlippenbachii. More species collected four species in Jeju island such as R. weyrichii and R. mucronulatum var. cilitum
2. In new cultivar breeding for pot flower and summer flowering azaleas, they crossed between R. simsii hybrid 11 cultivars as female and 4 lines of native or the exotic ones as male which have cold hardness, multiflower, and tolerance in urban environment. The results evaluated fruit setting and fertility ratio as follows. Fruit setting rate of self crossing in exotic ones was lower than those of native ones. Whereas those of interspecific hybrid showed higher than self cross. In the interspecific hybrid among R. obtusum, R. indicum, R. mucronulatum, there had highly fertility rate for them while self cross rate was low, respectively. And ′Yodogawa′ and ′Akado′ of R. mucronatum in female with others had no fertility at all. While collective ones in the R. obtusum and R. indicutn as female showed higher setting. In the crossing between R. obtusum in female and R. mucronulatum in male gave successfully one fruit setting in two crosses, that was known incompatible combination whereas R. japonicum with them did not have capsules at all.In crossing R. indicum in female had 64% setting with R. yedoensis var. poukhanense, and R. obtusum in male with highly 58% fertility ratio. While ′Yodogawa′ of R. mucronulatum and R. obtusum ′Bangul′ and ′Baigbangul in male′ with it showed 100% all set.In breeding new pot flower cultivars, mne new cultivars developed in cross seedling lines which crossed among R. yedoensis var. poukhanense, R. simsii hybrids, R. mucronatum, R. indicum and R. obtusum since 1990 and released 753 clones which propagated three times cutting.The summer flowering ones bred 14 new cultivars and propagated 1412 plants in four times cutting.In native azaleas, successful self crossing rate was high, that two species that were R. mucronulatum and R. yedoensis var. poukhanense, were over 80%, and R. schlippenbachii showed 62%. In cross between four exotic azaleas in tzutzuzi section and R. japonicum in Rhodora section, they did not have successful fertility in R. mucronulatum and R. schlippenbachii as female, while R. yedoense var. poukhanese as female was successful crossing having high fruit setting.
3. Stump pollination in laboratory and field.
In basic study to know for breeding technique for breaking cross in compatibility, stump pollination in laboratory and open field were carried out and results were as follows;In the cross wholeness stigma existence in taking out the pistill of plant in lab study, the style pollination of R. yedoensis var. poukhanense in female showed many pollen tube in style with R. obtusum, R. indicum, R. simsii hybrids as male. While male of R. schlippenbachii, R. mucronatum, R. japonicum were not in 100%, while selfing cross or R. japonicum showed high pollen tube in microscope observation. Whereas pollination of half cut of style was successful pollen tube elongation, but in case no cut style pollination was not show them the combination in the between R. obtusum as female and R. schlippenbachii, R. japonicum and R. obtusum in male.In R. indicum cross combination showed high pollen tube with R. yedoense var. poukhanense, while were not shown with R. schlippenbachii, R. mucronulatum at all, but combination with R. japonicum showed a little their tube. That of half cut style of R. indicum showed pollen tube with R. schlippenbachii and R. mucronulatum and also R, obtusum, 3/4 cut style of R indicum looked in microscope many pollen tube, while they did amot show with R. mucronulatum and R. japonicum while R. schlippenbachii showed a little of it.
4. Garden azalea cultivar breeding
12 cultivars were selected in crossing lines that crossed and investigated since 1990 works untill 2000. They propagated 2,286 rooted cuttings in three times cutting. A few cultivars among them bloomed autumn season. These will investigate more next year and to get final decision for autumn flowering line.
5. Mass propagation techniques development
In apomixis propagation of azalea, R. simsii hybrids ′Mothers day′, ′California Sunset′, showed highly seed setting which that of ′Red Rei′, ′Ripple′, ′Renold′ were low seed setting in the apomictic treatment of six cultivars of R. obtusum and seven cultivars of R. indicum, R. indicum ′Waichoelchug-l′ and R.′Zasanhong′ showed over 85% capsule setting. Native azalea were shown high apomixis in R. yedoensis var. poukhanense and R. mucronulatum and confirmed also R. schippenbachi and R. yedoensis var. poukhanense, R. y. poukhanese for albiflora, R. indicum ′Yeonhsanhong′ confirmed to analyse from PCR technique to apomictics.
6. Relationship analysis of new selected cultivars and important native and exotic ones using RAPD markers.
Optimum PCR condition were 20μg for DNA concentration, 200μM for dNTP, 0.8 unit for Taq DNA polymerase and 200nM for primer, respectively.
Out of 80 primer, 31 primer showed polymorphic DNA bands. Twenty species/lines of Rhododendron showed 321 polymerphic DNA fragments by the RAPD using 31 primer. In RAPD analysis the similarity coefficients of twenty species/lines showed distance among them from 0.544 to 0.866.
The cluster analysis could group to be almost same in section taxonamy of present study. Four group, in terms of section of the Rhodora, Brachycaryx, Tsutsutsi, Dauricum, were clearly clusterd at the similarity coefficience 0.65 and the result suggested that RAPD analysis can be used for analysis of genetic relationship of Rhododendron species.
The R. 'zasanhong' and R.'Yeognsanhong' belong to shub-section of Macrosepala while they were more closely related to the R. indicum. And the R.'koreayeognsanhong' was more closely related to the R. simsii. And the R. obtusum and the R. simsii were same sub-section, the former showed the closest taxanomic relationship to sub-section of Indica, the latter was the closet to sub-section of Macrosepala.
The relationship 20 species among selected new cultivars, native and exotic azaleas were apart from farthest in R. mucronulatum next R. japonicum, R. schlippenbachii.
These three species formed independent species group. R. yedoensis var. poukhanense showed the closet relation with presnt new cultivars that bred in University of Seoul(UOS) R.'Koreayeongsanhong' and R.'zasnaghong' which species have not known gene relation were founded very close with R. indicum of tzutzuzi section. In the gene relationship of new cultivars making UOS, the closest one with R. yedoensis var. poukhanense was 'Hangang' while R 'Koreazasnhong' was closest with 'Baebong' and 'Seoul'. All summner flowering cultivars were close with R. indicum and R.'yeongsanhong'.
Garden azalea such as 'Seoul', 'Baebong','Bughsan', 'Siribdai' made in their same group in all collected 20 species. they were and analysed by RAPD analysis. The results were as follows. There were four groups them in section unit R.'zasnahong', 'R. yeongsanhong' in Macrosepala subsection were close comparatively with R. indicum in Indica subsection. R.'koreayeongsanhong' was close relation with R. simsii hybrid in kaempferia subsection while R. obtusum and R. simsii hybrid were same Kaempferia subsection. But R. obtusum was close with Indica sub-section and R. simsii hybrids closed Macropala sub-section by RAPD similarity analysis.
6. Cutting propagation in difficulty rooting azalea species.
They were better cutting media of the mixed media of pea moss 1: and perlite 1 by volume ratio than the mixed media of vermiculite 7 and perlite 3 (v/v) in native azalea such as R. mucronulatum, R. schlipenbachii, and exbury azalea 'Golen Sunset' The optimum cutting time was on June 5, and that of rooting growth substances was IBA 50mg.L^-1, 5 hr soaking that resulted rooting % in 80% and 59.1% for R. mucronulatum and exbury azalea respectively.
The cutting time of R .schlippenbachii was the best on June 18 and rooting substances was to be resulted 13% rooting in NAA 400mg.L^-1 10sec. soaking.
7. Breeding study for crossing with far relation species for superior new cultivars.
In breaking incompatibility among interspecific species, the species that were incompatibility relation in cross were adapted by stump pollination that got pistil from intact flower and put into petridish on humid filter paper in lab. The incompatible species with R. schlippenbachii in female showed pollen tube, out of six specie, 4 species R. mucronulatum, R. yedonse var. poukhonese, R. obtusum and R. indicum looked in micro pollen elongation tube by stump pollination which no stump pollination in six species was not entirely found pollen tube. These of 1/4, 2/4 cut style showed them for pollination of R. mucronulatum in male, which the incompatible combination beteween R. yedoensis var. poukhanense and R. schlippenbachii were shown pollen tube showed them by all stump pollination in regardless amount of cut style which R. japonicum did not show any pollen elongation tube. In the species of incompatible in R. mucronulatum, out of six species with pollination of this species, three species such as R. yedoensis var. poukhanense. R. obtusum and R. simsii hybrid were shown for compatiable pollen elongation by stump pollination.
The combination with R. yedoensis var. poukhanense in female, four species such as R. mucronulatum, R. obtusum, R. indicum, R. simsii hybrid .6 species were found pollen elongation. In R. yedoensis var. poukhanense in female crossed with six species in male the stump pollination, four species(R. mucronulatum , R. obtusum, R. indicum and R. simsii hybrid)founded pollen elongation from microscope observation. The azalea species incompatibility with R. japonicum were not found by this technique any pollen elongation in six species all.
R. mucronulatum 'Yodogawa' in female found pollen elongation in the combination with three species which were R. mucronulatum, R. obtusum, R. simsii hybrid showed it's elongation the combination between R. obtusum, and R. simsii hybrid showed high compatability in particular. The interspecific cross in R. mucronulatum as female were shown them in two species among five species of male, while in case of male of three deciduoue azaleas could not find them in regardless amount of cut quantity of style. However. R. obtusum in male with this could find pollen elongation by stump pollination of the cutting of 2/4, 3/4, 4/4 of style, respectively.
R. obtusum in famale showed them in three species of R. schlippenbachii, R. mucronulatum , R. simsii hybrid and R. mucronatum in female showed compatibility pollen elongation three species that were R. japonicum, R. obtusum, R. simsii hybrid.
In case using female for R.'Blackzasnahong' found pollen elongation by pollination with two species among 6 species while R. simsii hybrid 'Redlope' in female showed three species in compatible pollen elongation among 5 speceis R .indicum in female also showed in two species such as R. yedoensis var. poukhanense and R. obtusum while R. obtusum had with R. indicum in good compatibility relation, but this did not have other four species.
8. Stump pollination of intact plant in green house.
There were investigated by stump pollination of intact plant for fruit setting in fall season, The results were as follows. The incompatibility species with R. mucronulatum in female could not set fruit capsule in no stump pollination while several stump pollination in combination between R. mucronulatum and R. obtusum set fruit successfully. Several case got successful quite the combination by stump pollination that were shown incompatibility by normal pollination method. R. mucronulatum and R. simsii hybrid in female with three cleciduous azaleas such as R. schlipenbachii, R. mucronulatum and R. japonicum could not find any fruit setting by stump pollination while R. obtusum 'Baigbangul' in male with female of R. mucromatum 'Akado', 'Yodogawa', R. yedoense var. poukhanenseand R. mucronatum showed fruit setting.
9. Breaking of incompatibility using n-hexane treated pollen
Out of 56 cross combination using n-hexane 5 minute soaking treated pollen pollination, one combination that cross between R. yedoense var. poukhanense and R. japonicum had successfully three capsule among 10 flower crossing
10. Breaking of incompatibility using mentor pollen
The pollination in lab on the pistill that took out from intact flower put into petridish on humid filter paper, then investigated pollen elongation in style using microscope, the results were as follows.
10-1. In R. schlippenbachii(royal azalea) female
The incompatibility combination with R. schlippenbachii using stump pollination with mentor pollen out of six species in male, four species could find pollen elongation in the 1/4 cut style of royal azalea with pollen of R. mucronulatum mixed with mentor pollen that killed by high temparature of 90C 1hr while they were successfully to show pollen tube elongation in the 3/4 and 4/4 cut of style with R. yedoensis var. poukhanense. And R. obtusum of them showed in 2/4 and 3/4 cut of style while the cross combination between R. japonicum and R. simsii hybrid did not have pollen elongation. They found more successful results using mentor pollen killing by methyl alcohol 97% 5min. soaking than the treatment by 90℃ 1hr killing pollen.
In the male of R. mucronulatum, R. yedoense var. poukhanense and R. indicum 'Yeongsanhong' no stump pollination did not show any pollen elongation while all stump pollination found pollen elongation. While R .japonicum and R. obtusum showed in the combination 2/4, 3/4 cut style of royal azalea. These result showed more successeful in using mentor pollen killing methyl alcohol than those of high temparature.
10-2. In R. yedoense var. poukhanense in female
In case R. yedoense var. poukhanense in female on the contrary of R. schlippenbachii case could find pollen elongation in pollination of the mixed mentor pollen with R. mucronulatum in the 3/4 abd 4/4 cut style of this female plant. While R. japonicum pollination in 3/4 cut style and R. obtusum pollen in 2/4, 3/4 cut style showed pollen elongation for this plant.
There found more pollen elongation in the killing by methyl alcohol mixing pollen. The most occurrence combinations were R. japonicum, R. obtusum, and R. indicum with this female plant. These three species as male showed all stump pollination without no cut style pollination.
11. Breaking interspecifics incompatibility using mentor pollen in intact plant
In R. schlippenbachii, in female mentor pollen that killed by high temparature 90℃ 1hr cross with 6 species of incompatibility with royal azalea resulted no fruit set. Mentor pollen of methyl alcohol 97% treated with them did not have any capsule also.
In R. yedoense var. poukhanense (Korea azalea) also did not get any fruit capsule in same way cross of royal azalea using heat treated mentor pollen while in case using mentor pollen treated methyl alcohol had many fruit capsules. They had successfully crossing in 2/4 cut style with pollen of R. schlippenbachii mixed mentor pollen. And four species in male such as R. japonicum, R. obtusum R. simsii hybrid with Koean azalea of female got fruit set successfully using mixed azalea treated mentor pollen.
12. Fertility between native and exotic azaleas
R. schlippenbachii of female cross with reciprocal crossing among 7 species of native and exotic ones, they did not have fertility among 7 species without self cross. Also R. mucronulatum of reciprocal crossing cross with 7 species in male was not fruit setting without selfing cross. In case R. yedoense var. poukhanense of female cross reciprocal crossing with their 7 species, there had high fertility in crossing with R. yedoense var. poukhanense, R. obtusum, R. indicum, R. simsii and self crossing. In R. japonicum of female, it did not have any fruit setting without self crossing.
In case R. indicum 'Bacgbangul' of female cross reciprocal crossing with 7 species, they had compatible relation with 4 species such as R. indicum showed good fertility with R. yedoensis var. poukhanense, R .indicum, R. simsii hybrid and self crossing. In reciprocal cross between R. indicum 'Yeongsanhong'of female and 7 species they had compatibile relation with 4 species such as R. yedoense var. poukhanense, R. obtusum, R. simsii and self crossing. R. simsii hybrid of female cross reciprocal crossing with 7 species, there show fertility fruit set R. yedoense var. poukhanense, R. obtusm, R. indicum, R. simsii.
13. Study long term storage killing method of pollen
In study of long term storage of pollen in lab experiment, 7 azalea species show high percentage germination for one month storage in any temperature of 5℃, 0℃, -5℃, -10℃, -20℃ and -40℃. In two month storage, R. schlippenbachii, R. indicum and R. simsii showed below 80% germination in indoor temperature while all low temperature was over 80% germination. The germination of it became rapidly low in indoor temperature storage for four month, R .schlippenbachii, R. obtusum, R. simsii could not live in this condition while R. mucronulatum , R. yedoense var. poukhanense, R. japonicum showed 60 to 80% in germination % in this condition whereas all 7 species could live entirely in -20℃ storage.
The -10℃ did not decrease germination % among them while azalea in -5℃ show low germination. Five month pollen storage showed tendency with little germination in five species of indoor temperature. R. simsii had the lowest hardness that it killed all at -5℃, safe temparature of it was below -10℃ to -20℃. After 7 months, they showed same tendency with 6 months.
In study pollen killing method of 7 species of azalea could kill completely at 90℃ 1hr and there was 97% 5min in methly alcohol.
R. yedoense var. poukhanense pollen st 50℃ 16 hr showed all death in R. yedoense var. poukhanense, while R. schlippenbachii showed little alive. Seven species discussed pollen alive in different temperature and time.
14. Study of azalea seed propagation
R. mucronulatum seed was the highest germination to be 60.7% in treatment of hymexazol 10mg.L^-1 with GA3 100mg.L^-1 3hr. R.schlippenbachii and R.japonicum showed best germination in hymexazol 10mg.L^-1 with GA3 250 and 500mg.L^-1 3hr. Exbury 'Golden Sunset' resulted best in one part of peatmoss and one part of perlite by volum of exbury azalea 'Golden Sunset' and R. schlippenbachii
15. Tissue culture study
The best media for seed germination of R. schlippenbachii, R. mucronulatum , exbuty 'Golden Sunset' was 1/2 Anderron media. Growth in media showed different response according to azalea species. Plant growth regulator(PGR) of callus induction of R. mucronulatum's leaf was IAA 0.1mg.L^-1 with 2ip img.L^-1 or NAA 0.1mg.L^-1 with 2ip 1mg.L^-1 . While leaf tissue culture of R. schlippenbachii showed little callus, but R. japonicum was not response callus formation in PGR. Terminal meristem culture was better than side meristem culture in R. mucronulatum , and R. schlippenbachii occurred new shoot.
The best PGR was IAA 0.1 + 2ip 1mgL^-1 in R. mucronulatum , R. schlippenbachii was 2ip 1mgL^-1 addition
16. New cultivar breeding and cultivation
New pot cultivar that have superior character and best ornamental value were selected 9 cultivars in seeding of crossing azalea since 1990 among R.indicum, R. yedoense var. poukhanense, R. obtusum, R. mucronatum, and R. simsii. They propagated 2,286 plants by three times cuttings. These five new cultivars for pot growing evaluated and studied by the grade and number of pinching, shading grade, dormancy and natural flowering time. New garden azalea released 12 cultivars in crossing line and evaluated ornamental and cultivation value. Cultivation methods were studied in pinching method, shading level, dormancy and natural flowerig time.
Eleven of new summer flower cultivars were selected from a lot of crossing lines which crossed since 1990 with R. indicum with native and exotic azaleas. These cultivars also were studied to pinching method, optimum light intensity, dormancy and natural flowering time.
17. Nursing of cutting and seedlings for plug's culture
Native and new cultivars making from Univ.of Seoul were studied optimum media, condtainer size of plug, and nutrition solution. Media of peatmoss 1 + perlite 1 by volume were best, and plug of 200 cells a tray had best growth. EC concentration was best in 1.0 dS.m^-1 in seedling plug culture. Cutting medium of plug's culture of 5 new cultivars was better in mixed with peatmoss 1+ perlite1 by volume than vermiculite 7 + perlite 3 mixed one. Plug size was best in 200 cell tray and EC 0.5 ds.m^-1
18. Actual proof study for in new cultivars local farm
14 cultivars which were 7 for garden, 2 for pot and 5 for summer flowering were evaluated in local agriculture institute of Jeonbuk province where center of azalea production area. All cultivars resulted good enough in ornamental value and cultivation condition. All farmers agreed for new cultivars having superior characters.

목차 Contents

• 제출문 ... 2
• 요약문 ... 3
• Summary ... 12
• CONTENTS ... 20
• 목 차 ... 21
• 제 1 장 서론 ... 26
• 제 1 절 연구 개발의 필요성 ... 26
• 제 2 절 연구개발의 목적과 범위 ... 27
• 제 2 장 철쭉과 관련된 국내외 기술개발연구동향 ... 28
• 1. Rhododendron속 식물의 분류체계 ... 28
• 2. Rhododendron속 식물의 품종육성 및 이용 현황 ... 29
• 3. RAPD분석에 의한 식물의 분류 ... 29
• 4. 철쭉류 품종육성 기술의 발달 ... 30
• 제 3 장 연구개발 내용 및 결과 ... 32
• 제 1 절 우량철쭉류 신품종 육성을 위한 gene pool조성 및 정원, 분화 및 여름개화용 신품종육성 ... 32
• 1. 서언 ... 32
• 세부과제 1-1. 자생 및 도입 철쭉류 gene pool 조성 확대 연구 ... 33
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 33
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 33
• 4. 적요 ... 36
• 세부과제 1-2. 우량 분화용 및 여름개화용 철쭉류 신품종 육성 ... 37
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 37
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 38
• 4. 적요 ... 55
• 세부과제 1-3. 우량 정원용 철쭉류 신품종 육성 ... 57
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 57
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 57
• 4. 적요 ... 62
• 제 2 절. 철쭉류 대량번식법 개발연구 ... 62
• 세부과제 1-4. 철쭉류 아포믹시스(無配生殖) 번식법 구명 연구(서울시립대) ... 62
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 62
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 62
• 4. 적요 ... 64
• 시험 1-4-2. PCR에 의한 주요 철쭉류 유연관계 및 아포믹시스 확인 연구 ... 64
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 64
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 68
• 4. 적요 ... 74
• 세부과제 1-5. 난(難)발근성 철쭉류 삽목번식법 구명 ... 75
• 1. 서언 ... 75
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 75
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 76
• 4. 적요 ... 82
• 제 3 절. 우량 신품종 육성을 위한 원연간(遠緣間) 교배 및 육종기술 구명연구 ... 83
• 1. 서언 ... 83
• 세부과제 2-1. 철쭉류 종간불화합 타파연구 ... 83
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 83
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 84
• 2-1-1. 주두 수분후 화분관신장을 실내 현미경으로 검경조사(연구실 실내시험) ... 84
• 2-1-2 식물체 개화주 주두절단 실험법(온실 시험) ... 89
• 2-1. 완전한 식물체(intact plant)주두절단 실험법 ... 89
• 2-2. 철쭉류 종간교배에서 종간 불화합화분의 Hexean 용액 처리에 의한 불화합타파 연구 ... 91
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 91
• 2-2-1: N-hexane 화분 처리 연구 ... 91
• 2-3. 철쭉류 종간교배에서 종간 불화합인 종의 mentor-pollen 연구 ... 92
• 2-3-1. mentor-pollen 화분관 검경 실험 ... 92
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 92
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 93
• 2-3-2. 온전한 식물체(intact plant)에서 mentor-pollen에 의한 불화합 타파 실험 ... 95
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 95
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 95
• 4. 적요 ... 97
• 세부과제 2-2. 자생종 및 도입종과의 교배 빛 임성조사 ... 99
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 99
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 100
• 4. 적요 ... 103
• 세부과제 2-3. 화분 장기저장 및 치사방법 구명 연구 ... 103
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 103
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 104
• 2-3-1. 화분(花粉) 장기저장 및 치사방법 연구 ... 104
• 2-3-1-1: 화분 장기저장시험 ... 104
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 104
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 104
• 2-3-1-2: 화분치사 방법 구명 ... 108
• 2. 재료 빛 방법 ... 108
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 108
• 4. 적요 ... 111
• 제 4 절. 철쭉류 종자및 조직배양에의한 대량번식법개발 ... 112
• 세부과제 2-4. 난(難)번식종 철쭉류 종자번식 체계 확립 연구 ... 112
• 1. 서언 ... 112
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 112
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 113
• 4. 적요 ... 118
• 세부과제 2-5. 난 번식종 철쭉류 조직배양법 연구 ... 120
• 1. 서언 ... 120
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 120
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 120
• 4. 적요 ... 124
• 제 5 절 우량철쭉류 신품종 선발 및 재배법 연구 ... 124
• 1. 서언 ... 124
• 세부과제 3-1.우량분화용 철쭉류 신품종선발 및 재배법구명 ... 125
• 시험 3-1-1. 우량 분화용 철쭉류 신품종 선발 ... 125
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 125
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 126
• 4. 적요 ... 128
• 시험 3-1-2. 우량 분화용 철쭉류 재배법 구명 ... 128
• 시험 3-1-2-1: 적심방법 구명 ... 128
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 128
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 129
• 4. 적요 ... 138
• 시험 3-1-2-2: 분화용 신품종 요구광도조사 ... 139
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 139
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 139
• 4. 적요 ... 146
• 시험 3-1-2-3: 분화용 신품종 저온요구도 조사 ... 148
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 148
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 148
• 4. 적요 ... 149
• 시험 3-1-2-4: 품종의 자연개화기 및 조만성 조사 ... 149
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 149
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 149
• 4. 적요 ... 150
• 세부과제 3-2.우량 정원용 철쭉류 신품종 선발 및 재배법 구명 ... 151
• 시험 3-2-1. 우량 정원용 철쭉류 신품종 선발 ... 151
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 151
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 151
• 4. 적요 ... 154
• 시험 3-2-2. 우량 정원용 철쭉류 재배법 구명 ... 155
• 시험 3-2-2-1: 정원용 신품종 적심방법 구명 ... 155
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 155
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 155
• 4. 적요 ... 164
• 시험 3-2-2-2: 정원용 신품종 요구광도조사 ... 165
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 165
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 165
• 4. 적요 ... 177
• 시험 3-2-2-3: 정원용 신품종 저온요구도 조사 ... 179
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 179
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 179
• 4. 적요 ... 180
• 시험 3-2-2-4. 정원용신품종의 자연개화기 및 조만성 조사 ... 180
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 180
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 181
• 4. 적요 ... 182
• 세부과제 3-3: 여름개화종 철쭉류 신품종선발 및 재배법구명 ... 182
• 시험 3-3-1 : 우량 여름개화종 신품종 선발 ... 182
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 182
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 183
• 4. 적요 ... 184
• 시험 3-3-2. 여름개화용 철쭉류 재배법 구명 ... 185
• 시험 3-3-2-1. 여름개화용 신품종 적심방법 구명 ... 185
• 2. 재료 빛 방법 ... 185
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 186
• 4. 적요 ... 190
• 시험 3-3-2-2: 여름개화용 신품종 요구광도조사 ... 191
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 191
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 191
• 4. 적요 ... 196
• 시험 3-3-2-3: 여름개화종 철쭉류 저온요구도 조사 ... 197
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 197
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 197
• 4. 적요 ... 198
• 시험 3-3-2-4: 여름개화종 철쭉류 품종의 자연개화기 및 조만성 조사 ... 198
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 198
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 198
• 4. 적요 ... 199
• 제 6 절. 철쭉류 플러그육묘 생산방법 연구 ... 199
• 세부과제 3-4. 철쭉류 플러그 육묘 생산 방법 구명연구 ... 199
• 1. 서언 ... 199
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 199
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 200
• 4. 적요 ... 210
• 제 7 절. 철쭉류 우량 품종 농가 실증시험 ... 211
• 세부과제 3-5. 철쭉류 우량신품종 농가실증연구 ... 211
• 1. 서론 ... 211
• 2. 재료 및 방법 ... 212
• 3. 결과 및 고찰 ... 212
• 4. 적요 ... 225
• 제 8 절. 전체적요 ... 226
• 제 9 절. 결론(전체연구) ... 241
• 제 4 장 목표달성도 및 관련분야의 기여도 ... 243
• 제 1 절 기술적측면 ... 243
• 제 2 절 경제적인 측면 ... 244
• 제 5 장 연구개발결과의 활용 ... 244
• 제 6 장 연구개발과정에서 수집한 해외과학기술 정보 ... 247
• 제 7 장 참고문헌 ... 248
• 끝페이지 ... 256