초록 ▼

최종 연차 목표
아프리카 콩고민주공화국,에티오피아 희유금속 유망광구 확보 및 개발타당성 조사,남미 콜롬비아 희유금속 유망광구 확보 및 개발 타당성조사,터키 동부 희토류 및 스카른광상 예비조사,아프리카 및 남미 희유금속 자원개발 교두보 마련 및 국내기업 진출을 위한 정보제공
개발내용 및 결과
에티오피아의 동부 하라르 바빌리 지지가 지역 페그마타이트의 Nb-Ta 광화작용 조사, 중부 MER 지역의 알루토 랑가노 화산열수 변질대의 천열수금광화작용 조사를 수행하여 페그마타이트에서 최대 590ppm Ta와 192ppm Nb을

최종 연차 목표
아프리카 콩고민주공화국,에티오피아 희유금속 유망광구 확보 및 개발타당성 조사,남미 콜롬비아 희유금속 유망광구 확보 및 개발 타당성조사,터키 동부 희토류 및 스카른광상 예비조사,아프리카 및 남미 희유금속 자원개발 교두보 마련 및 국내기업 진출을 위한 정보제공
개발내용 및 결과
에티오피아의 동부 하라르 바빌리 지지가 지역 페그마타이트의 Nb-Ta 광화작용 조사, 중부 MER 지역의 알루토 랑가노 화산열수 변질대의 천열수금광화작용 조사를 수행하여 페그마타이트에서 최대 590ppm Ta와 192ppm Nb을 함유하는 것으로 나타났고 금과 은은 확인되지 않았다.
터키 중부 말라티아 바소렌 형석광상 일대 희토류 정밀탐사·정밀지질도(1:5,000) 작성,정밀 방사능탐사,지표중력탐사,트렌치 탐사를 통해 남부 희토류 광화대 확보하였고, 서부 붕소 광상(Kirka 및 Bigadic)지역 리튬부존가능성 조사를 통해 광물학적 및 광물화학적 특성을 규명하였다.
기대효과
정부는 2009년 11월 27일 "희소금속 소재산업 발전 종합대책 및 전략 수립"에서 해외자원개발을 통한 희유금속 확보를 주요 확보방안으로 정하여 이의 실현에 본 사업이 기여하여 정부의 자원정책을 지원. 또한 정부에서는 Li및 희토류를 신전략광종으로 지정하여 장기수급을 위한 대책을 마련하고 있음으로 이의 정책지원
적용분야
정부의 2007년 제3차 해외자원개발 기본계획(2007~2016)을 수립하여 8대 전략광종 (석유,천연가스,유연탄,우라늄,철,동,아연,니켈)에 대해 자주개발 목표량을 설정하여 탐사 광구의 개발을 통한 자주 개발율 상승을 추구하고 있어 이의 실현에 본 사업이 기여 할 수 있을 것임

Abstract ▼

IV. Results
1.Ethiopia
The joint geological survey between KIGAM and GSE was conducted in and around the Main Ethriopian Rift Valley for saline lake (Li) and hydrothermal aItered zone (epithermal Au) and Proterozoic metamorphic terrane (pegmatite related rare metal) according to

IV. Results
1.Ethiopia
The joint geological survey between KIGAM and GSE was conducted in and around the Main Ethriopian Rift Valley for saline lake (Li) and hydrothermal aItered zone (epithermal Au) and Proterozoic metamorphic terrane (pegmatite related rare metal) according to research agreement that concluded in March, 2012.
The saline lake considered as the reservoir for lithium tends to have low Li contents, but Lake Afdera and ABa ale have a lithium concentrations of 6.2 ppm and 4.6 ppm, respectively. EspeciaIly, rock salt from the lake Asa ale has about 20ppm Li. From the Li vs. other elements diagrams, a good corre1ations of Li with aIkali elements, such as Ca²⁺, Na⁺, and over 20 ppm Li in rock salt with approximately l,000 m width increase the potential of Li in the Lake Asa ale.
The southern part of Ethiopia consists of granite-gneiss complex and ophioIitic fold-thrust compIex. The rare-metal mineralization reIated to pegmatite focuses on ophiolitic fold-thrust complex. Our survey focused on the kilkele, shune,kenticha,and Bupo in the Kenticha pegmatite field and Bambo-waha pegmatite I,II, and Ⅲ in the Bambo-waha pegmatite field. The pegmatites in the Kenticha pegmatite field are characterized by occurrences of massive quartz core and the association of quartz-muscovite-aIbite. They intruded into quartz-mica schist and serpentinite and hosted columbite-tantalite minerals, beryI, and aquamarine. In contrast, the pegmatites from the Bambo-waha pegmatite field. occurred in leucocratic quartz-feldspar-muscovite granite. The pegmatite Ⅲ in the Bambo-waha pegmatite field occurs in the contact zone between biotite granite and quartz-mica schist.
The Bambo-waha pegmatite Ⅲ hosts columbite-tantalite minerals, ruti1e, ilmenite, and garnet. With the whole rock composition, the Kenticha pegmatite is enriched in Li (55-14,O0O ppm), Nb (7-332 ppm), Ta(15-1,320 ppm), Mn (13-2,390 ppm), and Be(5-364 ppm). The shune pegmatite contains <10 to 1,4666 ppm Ta and <10 to 6,094 ppm Nb. The Kilkele pegmatite contains <10 to 893 ppm Ta and <10 to 114 pm Nb. The Bupo pegmatite contains <10 to 329 ppm Ta and 14 to 252 ppm Nb. The Bambo-waha pegmatite contains 13 to 55 ppm Ta and 38 to 94 ppm Nb.
Compared to the Kenticha pegmatite, these pegmatites tend to be slightly depleted in Ta and Nb. But some of the Shune and kilkele pegmatites are strongly enriched in Ta and Nb, compared to the Kenticha pegmatite.
Hydrothermal alteration within the Main Ethiopian Rift Valley is related to deeply circulating geothermal water. The hot springs from the shala, Langano, and Demaegona have few tens to few hundreds ppm Pb, Zn, and Cu. Based on Au associated elements anomaly and fIuids chemistry, it seems that these hot springs have a potential for low sulfidation epithermal mineralized fluids. The Tendaho epithermal Au prospect located in the Afar region can be a good example. In contrast,the quartz and silicic materials in the Aluto and ThIu Moye area occur as not vein but interstial filling between particles of pyroclast deposit. There is no metallic mineral in quartz vein and the geochemical analyses for these veins show the detection limit for Au and Ag
2.Colombia
Technical cooperation on the geological SurVey and rare metal exploration on Nb-Ta mineralized area of the Vichada Province in the eastern part of colombia.The MOU and RA were contracted between KlGAM and INGEOMINAS on November, 2011 and on March, 2012, respectively. Two joint survey, including geological, geochemical and GIS DB construction,on Nb-Ta mineralized area of the vichada province were conducted based on the contracts. The spatial database of study area including SRTM DEM, Landsat 7 EIM+, hiIlshade map, topographic map, geological map, and rock sampIing location was constructed using GIS. The study area, Vichada,eastern Colombia,is composed of Mesoproterozoic Parguaza or Rapakivi granite, which is covered by Quaternary alluvium. samples of rocks, soils, stream sediments, and residual coltan aggregates were caught in the study area. According to the chemical analysis on two stream sediments, the contents of the Nb and Ta are more than 800 ppm and 100 ppm, respectiveiy.
And one of coltans caught in the south-eastern part of the survey area shows more than 0.7 per cents of Nb and Ta contents, respectively. In addition, a research on fracture developing history was carried out for the well exposed outcrops. The fractures developed in the study area show following sequence; 1) NE-SW trending extensional fractures and aplites, 2) NNE-SSW trending extensinal fractures and quartz veins,3) WNW-ESE and NE-SW trending strike-slip faults (conjugate fault?), WNW-ESE trending extensional fractures, quartz veins and pegmatite veins, and 4) N-S trending left-lateral strike-slip faults.
The 2013 joint survey, including detailed geological and geochemical surveys on the northern and southern anomaly zones of the NB-Ta mineralization of the vichada province were conducted based on the contracts based on the result of 2Ol2 The study area, ViChada, eastern Colombia, is composed of Mesoproterozoic Parguaza or Rapakivi granite, which is covered by Quaternary alluvium. Samples of dykes,veinlets, soils on trench survey, stream sediments, and residual coltan aggregates were caught in the study area. According to the chemical on analysis on stream sediments, the high contents of the Nb,Ta,Zr, Ti, Hf, Rb and Zr are detected,respectively.
However, any particular mineralization of vein quartz, pegmatite and granitic bodies of the northern and southern anomaIy zones was not identified.Some sporadic anomalies are probably due to the thin quartz veins and pegmatites bearing small amounts of Nb-Ta minerals which had been eroded out because of severe weathering phenomena on the near of earth's surface.
3.DR Congo
Prospectiono was performed on the tin mineralized belt in Mwanza and Kongolo area of Katanga,DR Congo. Most of deposits in Katanga areas are reIated to the grantites which are located in Kibaran belt in NE and SW trends of mid proterozoic. Metasedimentary rocks in the Kibaran belt are intruded by granites, and tin, niobium and tantalum deposits are especiaIly developed along with tin-granite. Cassiterite, coltan and gold are developed in the pegmatite,quartz vein and greisen in related to the tin-granite in Mwanza and Katanga areas, and they are exploited by artisan in the smale. And we conducted the wuorks with the aIluviums and stream sediments in the case of no outcrops.
Results of geochemical analysis indicate that Mwanza has five anomaIy areas and Kongolo has nine anomaIy areas. Aa a result, Kongolo area has higher value of geochemical analysis than Mwanza area. Therefore, next year we will carry out detaiIed investigation at kongolo.
The Joint geoIogical survey between KIGAM and CRGM was conducted in and around the KongoIo in Katanga province for Sn,Nb, and Ta according to research agreement that concluded in February,2013. The geochemicaI exploration of Stream sediments were carried out to identify Sn,Nb,Ta,As, and W geochemical anomalies were confirmed in a few sites of the survey areas. The detailed survey will be performed for tbe target area of the Kongolo district in 2014.
4.Turkey
Limestone and syenite are main rocks in the Basoren REE deposit in the middle of turkey. The jurassic limestones are the basement rocks in the study area, Ternary syenite intruded. The REE mineralization closely related to the intrusion of syenite. The mineralization is divided to 4 types 1) fluorite mineralization along the contact zone between syenite and limestone, 2) skarn alteration (garnet, pyroxene etc.) along those the contact zone, 3) concentrated partly inside of syenite intrusion, 4) supergene soil spot anomaly.
According to the integration of surface radiometric anomaly and geology map,two anomaly zones, the Northern and Southern anomaly zone, are defined. Then trench survey was conducted in order to find out the shape of syenite and alteration patter of the contact zone on the two anomaly zones. Trench sites are T1~T8 which have high surface radiometric anomaly area in the syenite,T10 which is skarn zone, T10 which have surface radiometric anomaly zone in the limestone. As a resuIt of the trench survey, Northem anomaly zone came from soil adsorption and Southem anomaly zone shows high anomaly even under the surface especially on the alteration zone that shows hydrous albite or chlorite altered from porphyritic syenite's feldspar and feldsparthoid, and also clinopyroxene's hematitization.
KIGAM visited Kirka, bigadic, and Sultancayir deposits five largest borate deposits in Turkey in order to evaluate the potential of lithium resources in borate deposits in Turkey. KIGAM investigated the characteristics of the occurrence,mineral composition,and geological environment of borate ore bodies and the green clay layers which were confirmed to have lithium resources, and took samples systematically. Also, KIGAM took samples from tailing ponds to understand the chemical properties of the tailings. Furthermore,KIGAM studied mineral composition,chemical properties of lithium minerals in clay layers and extraction of lithium from the minerals.
XRD and chemicaI analysis results of clays of Bigadic, and Kjrka deposits show that most of the clay minerals are hectorite which is trioctahedral smectite enriched in Mg with Li in the octahedral site. However, a clay sample from kirka deposit is Al-rich montmorillonite and another sample from Kirka deposits is illite-smectite mixed Iayers considering that it has large amounts of k contents.

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1
• 제출문 ... 3
• 연차보고서 요약서 ... 5
• 요약문 ... 7
• SUMMARY ... 13
• CONTENTS ... 19
• 목차 ... 21
• Figures list ... 23
• Tables list ... 43
• 제1장 연구개발과제의 개요 ... 47
• 제1절 연구개발의 목적 및 필요성 ... 47
• 1.최종목표 ... 47
• 2.연차별 연구개발 목표 및 내용 ... 47
• 제2장 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 54
• 제1절 국내 기술개발 현황 ... 54
• 1.서언 ... 54
• 2.탐사기술 ... 54
• 제2절 해외 기술개발 현황 ... 56
• 제3장 연구개발수행 내용 및 결과 ... 60
• 제1절 에티오피아 ... 60
• 1.서론 ... 60
• 2.에티오피아의 지질 및 지질구조 ... 60
• 3.리튬 자원 ... 62
• 4.탄탈륨 광화작용 ... 68
• 5.열수 변질대 ... 131
• 제2절 콜롬비아 ... 142
• 1.조사지역 ... 142
• 2.GIS DB 구축 ... 143
• 3.지질 ... 145
• 4.광상 ... 148
• 5.1차년도(2012) 조사내용 ... 150
• 6.2차년도(2013) 조사내용 ... 174
• 7.결론 ... 186
• 제3절 콩고민주공화국 조사결과 ... 188
• 1.서론 ... 188
• 2.콩고민주공화국 남동부 주석벨트(키바란대) ... 189
• 3.카탕가 주(Katanga)산업활동 현황 ... 192
• 4.연구지역의 지질 및 광상 ... 194
• 5.연구수행 내용 ... 197
• 6.결론 ... 240
• 제4절 터키 ... 245
• 1.서론 ... 245
• 2.말라티야 바소렌 지역 희토류 기초조사 ... 246
• 3.크르세이르 형석 광상 ... 265
• 4.케반(Keban) 다금속 광상 ... 278
• 5.말라티아(Malatya) 지역 지화학분석결과 ... 287
• 5.2013년도 공동조사 결과 ... 292
• 6.말라티아 바소렌(Başören) 지역 희토류 탐사결과 ... 294
• 7.붕소광상지역 리튬자원조사 ... 323
• 제5절 위탁연구 결과 (2014년) ... 358
• 1.위탁과제1 (에티오피아) ... 358
• 2.위탁과제2 (터키) ... 385
• 제6절 결론 ... 422
• 1.에티오피아 ... 422
• 2.콜롬비아 ... 423
• 3.콩고민주공화국 ... 425
• 4.터키 ... 426
• 제4장 목표달성도 및 관련분야에의 기여도 ... 429
• 1.정부 정책적 측면 ... 429
• 2.과학기술적 측면 ... 429
• 3.경제․산업적 측면 ... 430
• 4.국민생활과 사회 수준 향상에의 기여 측면 ... 431
• 제5장 연구개발결과의 활용계획 ... 432
• 제6장 참고문헌 ... 433
• 끝페이지 ... 435