보고서 정보
주관연구기관 |
국립농업과학원 National Institute of Agricultural Sciences |
보고서유형 | 최종보고서 |
발행국가 | 대한민국 |
언어 |
한국어
|
발행년월 | 2015-02 |
과제시작연도 |
2014 |
주관부처 |
농촌진흥청 Rural Development Administration(RDA) |
등록번호 |
TRKO201500010277 |
과제고유번호 |
1395035710 |
사업명 |
농업기초기반연구 |
DB 구축일자 |
2015-07-11
|
키워드 |
Organic agriculture.organic materials.calcium substance.hairy vetch.
|
DOI |
https://doi.org/10.23000/TRKO201500010277 |
초록
▼
Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
국내외 유기자원 자재에 대한 사용규정 및 허용물질에 대하여 분류하고, 유기농자재 목록공시 현황과 천연자원 활용실태를 분석하였다. 국내 주요 농림식품부산물 발생량과 유기농 활용 가능성을 파악하고, 다량 발생되는 부산물자원 특성 및 시용효과 검정을 통하여 영농현장에서 활용할 수 있는 기술을 개발하였다. 아울러 경종적 방법 활용에 의한 유기자원 활용기술을 영농기술에 반영시키고, 유기농산물 생산허용 유기자원 자재에 대한 DB화를 구축하였다.
한편, 마늘 부산물, 스테비아 부산물, 분변토, 바이오차, 게껍질, 목
Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
국내외 유기자원 자재에 대한 사용규정 및 허용물질에 대하여 분류하고, 유기농자재 목록공시 현황과 천연자원 활용실태를 분석하였다. 국내 주요 농림식품부산물 발생량과 유기농 활용 가능성을 파악하고, 다량 발생되는 부산물자원 특성 및 시용효과 검정을 통하여 영농현장에서 활용할 수 있는 기술을 개발하였다. 아울러 경종적 방법 활용에 의한 유기자원 활용기술을 영농기술에 반영시키고, 유기농산물 생산허용 유기자원 자재에 대한 DB화를 구축하였다.
한편, 마늘 부산물, 스테비아 부산물, 분변토, 바이오차, 게껍질, 목초액, 포조란 등 작물 생육용 유기자원자재에 대한 효과검증을 통하여 환경과 토양생태계 보전을 위한 적정 사용량을 제시하였다.
○ 논문게재(1)
- 분해성 피복자재의 멀칭처리가 벼 생육 및 논 환경에 미치는 영향(유기물자원학회)
○ 정책반영(1)
- 유기농자재 자가제조 원료물질 구입비 지원
○ 영농활용(3)
- 춘파 녹비작물 헤어리베치 파종적기 및 파종량 추천
- 논 잡초 제거를 위한 왕우렁이의 농업적 활용과 관리요령 책자활용
- 유기농 논밭윤환 재배기술을 통한 논의 활용도 제고
○ 논문발표(8)
- 국내외 목록공시 유기농업자재 현황 및 허용물질 사용실태 등(국내)
- Availability of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) as leguminous green manure crops for organic rice cultivation in reclaimed saline land(ISOFAR,국제)
○ 자료발간(2)
- 국제유기농기술혁신상 OFIA 2014
- 왕우렁이의 농업적 활용과 관리요령
○ 홍보(48), 민원해결(64), 농가현장기술지원(15) 등
- 유기농업 발전 위해 독일과 손잡았다(데일리뉴스, 중부일보 등)
- 농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 독일 연방 유기농업연구소 업무협약 체결(농촌여성신문 등)
- 하나뿐인 지구 식탁의 푸른 신호등 로컬푸드(EBS)
- 생물을 이용하는 유기농업 기술(Qeen지) 등
Abstract
▼
Organic agriculture is a holistic production management system which promotes and enhances agroecosystem health, including biodiversity, biological cycles, and soil biological activity(Codex guidelines). Organic agriculture has increased and developed rapidly in Korea. However organic agriculture is
Organic agriculture is a holistic production management system which promotes and enhances agroecosystem health, including biodiversity, biological cycles, and soil biological activity(Codex guidelines). Organic agriculture has increased and developed rapidly in Korea. However organic agriculture is different to conventional agriculture forms. Currently, organic farmers largely depend on the listed organic materials from natural resources. Organic farm does not improving neither soil, nor water quality in Korea. There is a great lack of information among policy makers and farmers on the management system of organic agricultural soils.
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is one of the major spice and cultivated area was approximately 44,817ha (2012) in Korea. Garlic byproduct is consisted of approximately 50.5% stem and leaves. We have analyzed the chemical contents in two garlic genotype from 4 main cultivated areas and were measured the presence of allicin, total phenol, diallyl disulfide for crop protection use in garlic compost. These compounds have a variety of antimicrobial activities such as fungal or bacterial disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mineral and functional compounds content in two garlic genotypes and their compost.
The content of K and Ca among the minerals in garlic was much higher than those of T-N, P, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn. The mineral content of garlic cultivars was more different by genotype than by agro-ecological conditions.
Functional evaluation showed that all samples are rich in total phenol and their recorded values were higher than geographical origins. Allicin and diallyl disulfide compounds showed that all samples did not detect in their extracts. The garlic showed little effect on Sclerotinia rot of lettuce.
In general we did not detect significant relationship between geographical origins, so probably the genetic factors have more influence than ecology. All samples have a rich in total phenol compounds. We are considered that the results obtained in this study can be offer garlic byproduct as a new source for crop protection use in organic agricultural system. It has been also already recognized that organic materials such as natural calcium substance powder (NCSP) of egg and starfish powder have many beneficial effects on soil and plant growth. These positive effects are explained by the direct interaction of NCSP. Due to their properties, Calcium substances play a major role in soil pH and fertilization. Many substances of different origins (egg, starfish and anchovies) are commonly used in organic agriculture to develop organic fertilization methods.
The objective of this work was to determine the effects of calcium substances application on soil properties and the development of lettuce and Chinese cabbage plants cultivated under greenhouse and field conditions. In this study we have evaluated also the availability of hairy vetch in reclaimed organic rice production systems. Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) is an important cover crop world-wide for weed management and improving nitrogen fertilization. The response to increasing salinity was analyzed by means of the germination rate and seedling growth of hairy vetch. Results showed that seed germination of hairy vetch decreased insignificantly up to concentration of 0.6% NaCl. However, shoot and root growth of hairy vetch showed significant reduction at salinity concentrations higher than 0.1% NaCl level. In these results we were considered that hairy vetch can be use below concentration of 0.1% salinity as green manure crop in reclaimed saline rice production. Therefore, we could be determined the degree of salt resistance in hairy vetch and rice plants. Rice and hairy vetch were decreased in germination rate and seedling growth with increasing salinity.
This study aimed also at developing a substance database for organic food production and evaluating their effect on crop production. A database on the permitted substances for the production of organic food was established. It contains information on substances commonly used in organic farming, providing characteristics, basic principles and usage of each material. List of the permitted substances for the production of organic food of Korean government were compared to codex guidelines and OMRI generic material list, the United States. Substances for use in soil fertilizing and conditioning as well as for plant pest and disease control were investigated.
To evaluate the effect of some selected substances, field experiments were carried out. Earthworm cast, pozzolan, charcoal, crab shell and wood vinegar were chosen for the test.
Earthworm cast improved growth of green onion and lettuce compared to the plot without any fertilizer, indicating earthworm cast would be used for soil fertilizing and conditioning purpose in leafy vegetables. However, the plant height and leaf width of the crop was less in earthworm treatment than in rapeseed oilcake treatment both in green onion and lettuce, showing that earthworm cast should be used only as supplementary means.
The effect of pozzolan, lime, and earthworm cast were tested under mulching and bare soil condition. Lettuce yield were higher in rapeseed oilcake than in earthworm cast in both conditions. The growth of lettuce was better under mulching condition, due to the fine establishment of seedling.
Charcoal application was effective for leaf elongation, leaf area index(LAI) increment, and maintenance of chlorophyll contents in chinese cabbage. Crab shell increased LAI and effective for maintaining chlorophyll contents, while the effect on leaf elongation was not observed. Application of wood vinegar (pyroligneous liquor) promoted leaf elongation, LAI, and chlorophyll content of chinese cabbage. It showed that these three substances (charcoal, crab shell, and wood vinegar) could be used for the purpose of growth promoting in organic chinese cabbage cultivation. Soil pH was decreased in charcoal and crab shell treatment. Soil EC(electrical conductivity) was decreased in charcoal, while increased in crab shell treatment.
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