초록

Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
1. 기계화 적응 표준 재배양식 설정
- 이랑폭 70cm, 주간 20∼25cm
2. 트랙터 부착형 2조식 고구마 정식기 개발
- 모공급(인력), 모이송, 토양절개, 정식, 복토, 진압 일관작업형
- 성능 : (관행) 16 시간/10a → 1.8(인력의 8.8배), 결주율 1% 이내
3. 트랙터 부착형 2조식 고구마 줄기파쇄기 개발
- 비닐피복 된 상태에서 고구마 줄기를 걷어 올려 파쇄
- 성능 : (관행) 9.2 시간/10a → 1.1(인력의 8배), 파쇄율 96%

Abstract ▼

○ Title : Standardization Study of Cultivation Type for the Production Mechanization of Sweetpotato
In this study, we conducted a questionnaire survey to target farmers over 1ha of sweetpotato growing regions such as cultivation area, cultivation type, planting distance, ridge width and the kinds

○ Title : Standardization Study of Cultivation Type for the Production Mechanization of Sweetpotato
In this study, we conducted a questionnaire survey to target farmers over 1ha of sweetpotato growing regions such as cultivation area, cultivation type, planting distance, ridge width and the kinds of agricultural machinery in using. Also, we were to investigated the yield ability of sweetpotato root tuber on ridge width and planting distance to set the standard cultivation type for mechanized cultivation of sweetpotato production.
Cultivation areas of farmers were investigated to 3ha∼less than 8ha is 38.2%, 8ha∼ 17ha is 20.0%, 17ha∼30ha is 21.9%, and more 30ha cultivation is 20.0%. Cultivation area was tend to in the large-scale compared to other field crops it. Plastic mulching after sweetpotato cut planting, and then seedling was as high as 79% take out after a few days, and vinyl type was accounted for 87.5% transparent color film. The cultivation of ridge width 70cm×planting distance 20cm was higher than that of others type. Most farmers has various kinds of agricultural machinery such as plow, vinyl covering machine and harvester attached tractor and the creating to ridge width and vinyl-covering was mostly create a four-line at a time. The harvest work of sweetpotato root tuber was respectively 46.5, 53.5% by root-harvester attached cultivator and tractor. In the transparent color vinyl cultivation, root tuber yield of variety ‘Dahomi’ was increase 106% by ridge width 70cm×planting distance 20cm compare to 75cm×20cm, and 70cm×25cm was increase 102% compare to 75cm×25cm. Also it 70cm×20cm was increase 116% compare to 70cm×25cm. The root tuber size and yield of sweetpotato is influenced by ridge width and planting distance. We are considered it was suitable for cultivation ridge width 70cm×planting distance 20cm in order to enhance the tuber yield and effectiveness of mechanical work.

○ Title : Development of the Sweetpotato Transplanter
Manual transplanting sweetpotato needs 20.1 hours per 10a in Korea. This study was carried out for mechanization of transplanting on labor-saving in sweet potato cultivation.
Prototype consists of plot molding, scraper, drive-wheel, transmission gear part, transplanting part etc. Prototype was to be adjusted to the transplanting depth of 5~10cm, the transplanting distance of 70~75cm/20~25cm and the transplanting angle of 10~12°.
The result of field performance test was satisfactory fine that the miss-planted rate is 0.3% in travelling speed of 0.11m/s. And operating efficiency is 1.8 hours per 10a there was a reduction of 8.8 times faster than a manual transplanting.
The result of economic analysis, the fee for utilization of transplanter are ￦139,208 per 10a and that of manual transplanting are ￦159,976 per 10a. So the transplanter has a 12.9% reduction compared with manual transplanting and increasing the work area will be more effective.

○ Title : Sweet potato vines crusher
The results of preliminary reeling test related to preprocessing for mechanical harvesting of sweet potato reported that soil texture for cultivation of sweet potato mainly drained well in the field of which types are sandy soil, sandy loam soil and clay loam soil. Most of sweet potatoes were cultivated at about 3∼5° sloping pavement, 65∼75cm row spacing, 15∼25cm hill spacing, 30∼50cm ridge width, and 25∼30cm ridge height. They were cultivated with vinyl mulching in round back furrow in a line. In the analysis of property of sweet potato stem, the average water content, maximum value, and minimum value were 85.7%,w.b., 89.7%,w.b., and 81.9%,w.b.. Shearing force and cutting force tended to increase in proportion to the stem diameter resulted from measurements, but tensile rate and cutting speed were found not to affect.
Direction of rotation, PTO speed, working speed and shape-type of the crushing blade according to factor test were that up cutting type, 1,050rpm at PTO speed, Y-type and 0.2 ∼0.4 m/s at working speed showed a good crushing degree. In the required power and load analysis, however, the required power and load at 0.4 m/s had been showed as low as the good working rate. Thus, 0.4 m/s at working speed was analyzed as the proper condition.
The results of vibration and noise measurements of prototype-vine crusher reported that noises were 98.5dB(A) at driver’s seat and 91.6dB(A) outdoors and vibrations were 94.8dB(V) at driver’s seat and 112.0dB(V) outdoors. PTO power transmission system was analyzed to need to be supplemented.
According to field test of prototype-vine crusher, the working at 1,050rpm at PTO speed, 0.4 m/s at working speed reported as a good conditions on the basis of the date which were 96.7% crushing rate, 12.3cm the average residual culm length. In economic analysis of starting machine, also, prototype-vine crusher was 86,031 won/10a and cost savings of 6.5% compared to the practice as 91,982 won/10a. The break-even scale of prototype-vine crusher was analyzed. There was economic feasibility when cultivation area was over 2.23ha.