초록 ▼

○ 대경권 골재수급 안정화를 위한 낙동강 세사 염색공단 슬러지의 활용기술 개발 및 셰일 골재의 활용성 연구
- 대경권 퇴적암(셰일)의 콘크리트용 골재 활용성 연구
ㆍ대경권 셰일의 분류 및 물리ㆍ화학적 특성 분석
ㆍ대경권 셰일의 콘크리트용 골재 활용을 위한 셰일의 역학적 성능 및 내구성능 평가
ㆍ대경권 퇴적암(셰일)의 콘크리트용 골재로의 활용성 연구
ㆍ셰일골재의 성능개선을 통한 콘크리트용 골재로의 활용성 연구
ㆍ셰일골재의 콘크리트용 골재 활용지침(안) 작성
- 낙동강 세사의 골재활용기술 개발

○ 대경권 골재수급 안정화를 위한 낙동강 세사 염색공단 슬러지의 활용기술 개발 및 셰일 골재의 활용성 연구
- 대경권 퇴적암(셰일)의 콘크리트용 골재 활용성 연구
ㆍ대경권 셰일의 분류 및 물리ㆍ화학적 특성 분석
ㆍ대경권 셰일의 콘크리트용 골재 활용을 위한 셰일의 역학적 성능 및 내구성능 평가
ㆍ대경권 퇴적암(셰일)의 콘크리트용 골재로의 활용성 연구
ㆍ셰일골재의 성능개선을 통한 콘크리트용 골재로의 활용성 연구
ㆍ셰일골재의 콘크리트용 골재 활용지침(안) 작성
- 낙동강 세사의 골재활용기술 개발
ㆍ콘크리트용 잔골재로서 세사의 적정 입도 범위 제시
ㆍ콘크리트용 잔골재로서 세사의 활용지침(안) 제시
ㆍ지역 특성에 적합한 대체골재 개발 및 활용방안 제시
- 대경권 염색공단슬러지를 이용한 골재활용기술 개발
ㆍ염색공단 슬러지 성상 및 처리공정 조사 분석
ㆍ침전슬러지와 점토 등 기타 광물질의 최적배합비 산정 및 시제품 생산
ㆍ염색슬러지를 활용하여 생산된 골재의 물성 및 성능평가
ㆍ염색공단 슬러지의 콘크리트 및 콘크리트 제품 제조용 골재로의 활용방안 제시

Abstract ▼

Ⅳ. R&D results
■ Research on the utilization of sedimentary rock (shale) in the Daegyeong region as an aggregate for concrete
○ Classification of sedimentary rock (shale) in the Daegyeong region
- ratio analysis by rock type using the strata and columnar sections of sedimentary rocks of the

Ⅳ. R&D results
■ Research on the utilization of sedimentary rock (shale) in the Daegyeong region as an aggregate for concrete
○ Classification of sedimentary rock (shale) in the Daegyeong region
- ratio analysis by rock type using the strata and columnar sections of sedimentary rocks of the Kyungsang system
ㆍby stratum: the Shindong group (the Nakdong formation, the Hasandong formation, the Jinju formation), the Hayang group (the Chilgok formation, the Silla conglomerate formation, the Haman formation, the Banyawol formation)
ㆍclassification of sedimentary rock in the Daegyeong region using columnar sections
- classification of shale by the color of sedimentary rock of the Kyungsang system
○ Assessment of physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of shale
- analysis of the chemical properties of shale
ㆍestimation of color and strength development properties through chemical property analysis of black and red shale
- mechanical properties of shale
ㆍcorrelation between point load strength and uniaxial compression strength
- identification of mechanical compression strength and physical properties of shale
- long-term stability assessment of shale
ㆍlong-term stability assessment of shale through creep tests
- slake durability assessment according to weathering and pH submergence solutions
- calculation of swelling indices of black and red shale
- assessment of weathering properties of shale
ㆍphysical property analysis of shale through repeated freezing and thawing
○ Property assessment of shale by location of the contact metamorphic zone at Mt. Palgong
- physical properties of hornfels
ㆍcalculation of dry density, absorption rate, ultrasonic wave velocity, point load strength, and the slake durability index of hornfels according to distance from granite (the Jindong formation, the Jinju formation, the Chilgok formation, the Haman formation)
- chemical properties of hornfels
ㆍXRF analysis of hornfels from two regions in the Jindong formation (Daegok, Namha)
○ Physical property assessment of shale for its utilization as an aggregate for concrete
- density and absorption rate, fineness modulus, unit mass, absolute volume rate, wear rate, test for percentage of soft particles, alkali-aggregate reaction, stability, hazardous material content, etc.
- grain size change according to repeated drying and wetting and outdoor exposure test by country rock
○ Properties of concrete using shale as coarse aggregate
- Properties of fresh concrete (slump, air volume, etc.)
- Properties of hardened concrete (compression strength, freezing and thawing resistance, etc.)
○ Physical property assessment of concrete by strength level
- design criterion strength (24 MPa, 60 MPa)
- properties of fresh concrete
- properties of hardened concrete
○ Physical property assessment of concrete according to the level of weathering (the period of atmospheric exposure) of shale
- assessment of physical property changes of shale aggregate deteriorated by outdoor exposure
ㆍdensity, absorption rate, wear rate, stability, etc.
- property assessment of concrete using weathered shale aggregate
ㆍmeasurement of air volume, slump, compression strength, and flexural rigidity
○ Assessment of outdoor exposure properties of concrete using shale aggregate
- appearance evaluation and measurement of compression strength
ㆍmeasurement period: 28 days (standard), 6 months, and 12 months
ㆍmeasurement method: appearance evaluation and compression strength
○ Performance improvement of shale aggregate
- performance improvement of shale aggregate through thermal denaturalization (hydrothermal reaction)
ㆍanalysis of strength change and chemical components of shale
- performance improvement of shale aggregate using water repellent coating and polymer coating
ㆍassessment of physical properties such as density, absorption rate, wear rate, and stability
- research on properties of concrete using performance improved shale aggregate
ㆍslump and air content: performance increases in the case of using a water repellent coating compared to before, when it was not improved.
ㆍcompression strength: polymer coating increased compression strength by approximately 22% while water repellent coating decreased compression strength by approximately 10%.
ㆍfreezing and thawing resistance (300 cycles): performance improvement of shale aggregate due to polymer coating can enhance freezing and thawing resistance.
■ Development of aggregate application technology using fine sand in the Nakdong River
○ Representative location selection and sampling
- the 334 km section of the main stream of the Nakdong River was examined, and the stream was classified into upper, middle, and lower streams based on the Kangjung-Koryung Weir installed at the middle part of the main stream of the Nakdong River.
- sampling was conducted at 10 places selected as representative locations, including the upstream areas of Andong (standard sand), the Sangju Weir, and the Nakdan Weir, the middle stream areas of the Gumi Weir, the Chilgok Weir, the Kangjung-Koryung Weir, and the Dalsung Weir, and the downstream areas of the Hapcheon-Changnyeong Weir, the Changnyeong-Haman Weir, and Gimhae.
○ Physical property assessment of fine sand by location in the Nakdong River
- evaluation of density and absorption rate, grain size, and fineness modulus, and unit volume weight and absolute volume ratio, and tests of the amount passing through a 0.08-mm sieve were performed.
- most physical properties of fine sand satisfied physical property criteria of fine aggregate for concrete except for grain size, proving that the quality of fine sand is excellent enough to be used as a fine aggregate for concrete.
○ Investigation of reserves of fine sand and estimation of demand and supply of river sand
- The 334-km section of the main stream of the Nakdong River was explored, and the distribution areas and reserves of river sand were examined.
- The amount of dredged soil and its treatment methods were investigated, and reserves of fine sand estimated.
○ Establishment of a DB of the physical properties of fine sand by location in the Nakdong River
- physical properties of fine sand by location in the Nakdong River were identified, and a database of physical properties of fine sand by location in the Nakdong River for mix design of concrete using fine sand was established.
○ Mix design of concrete by type of fine sand
- a mix design analysis of four fine sand samples by their locations on the main stream of the Nakdong River was conducted
- air volume of concrete per water-cement ratio (35%, 45%, and 60%) and slump and compression strengths (7 days and 28 days) were evaluated.
- the interaction formula of compression strength and the cement-water ratio was derived.
- the water-cement ratio based on standard strength, unit water content, and unit cement content was analyzed.
○ Mechanical properties and durability assessment of concrete using fine sand - compression, tension, flexural rigidity, and elastic properties were evaluated by type of fine sand on the basis of a design criterion strength of 35 MPa.
- drying shrinkage properties of concrete using fine sand were evaluated.
- length change was measured based on material ages of 7, 28, 56, and 91 days
- the durability index and relative dynamic elastic modulus were evaluated after the execution of 300 freezing and thawing cycles
- the depth of carbonation was evaluated through accelerated carbonation tests
○ Assessment of the contents of organic impurities and heavy metals in fine sand
- the hazardous material content of fine sand before and after the weir installment was confirmed to be appropriate enough to be used as aggregate for concrete.
- Hazardous substances (lead, cadmium, mercury, and hexavalent chrome) determined by environmental regulations were not found in fine sand, proving that its heavy metal content was appropriate.
○ Economic feasibility analysis of concrete using fine sand
- the limit of the fineness modulus of fine sand that can be economically used as fine aggregate for concrete appeared to be approximately 1.8.
○ Derivation of the appropriate fineness modulus of fine sand
- as a result of evaluating the concrete mixture properties by fineness modulus of fine sand and the properties and economic feasibility of drying shrinkage, the appropriate fineness modulus of fine sand to be used as fine aggregate for concrete appeared to be more than 1.8.
○ Proposal for a utilization guideline (plan) of fine sand as fine aggregate for concrete
- the utilization guideline (plan) for fine sand intends to ensure the quality of concrete and concrete products using fine sand. It defines general and basic standards of component materials, mixture, and construction of concrete and concrete products using fine sand.
■ Technology development for the utilization of dyestuff sludge as an aggregate
○ Property analysis of sedimentary sludge and additional materials (clay) and
research on the mixture method
- property analysis of sedimentary sludge
ㆍmoisture content: 70–80%
ㆍignition loss: 55–70%
ㆍwaste leaching test: safe
- property analysis of additional materials (minerals such as clay)
ㆍmain component of clay: SiO2 (more than 70%)
- research on the mixture method of sedimentary sludge and additional materials
ㆍhomogeneous mixture is difficult due to the high moisture content of dewatered sludge → dried sludge powder was used.
○ Optimization for manufacturing of aggregate for concrete using dyestuff sludge
- a search for methods for the formation of grain aggregates
ㆍa device was used to form round grain shapes
- performance analysis of aggregate manufactured based on the mixing ratio of sedimentary sludge and additional materials
ㆍthe mixing ratio of clay and sludge (mixture performance evaluation on the basis of 1:1, 2:1, and 4:1)
- calculation of the optimal mixing ratio
○ Prototype production
- production of prototype aggregate using dyestuff sludge
- performance assessment of physical properties of the prototype
ㆍgrain size, density, absorption rate, mass of clay, amount passing through a 0.08-mm sieve, stability, compression strength, etc.
- environmental damage assessment of the prototype
ㆍthe result of a heavy metal leaching analysis using the official waste test method proved to be safe
○ Investigation of methods for performance improvement and optimization of the primary prototype
- selection of additional materials to reduce firing temperature and increase durability
○ Production of the secondary prototype according to the mixing ratio of sludge and additional materials and firing conditions
- durability assessment of aggregate according to the mixing ratio of additional materials and firing temperature change
- calculation of the optimal mixture
○ Physical property evaluation of the secondary prototype
- evaluation of basic physical properties including grain size, density, absorption rate, mass of clay, and the amount passing through a 0.08-mm sieve
○ Assessment of basic physical and chemical properties of aggregate for concrete
- compression strength, stability, etc.
○ hazard assessment of aggregate for concrete
- heavy metal leaching was analyzed using the official waste test method and the result proved to be safe
○ Assessment of atmospheric purification performance of aggregate for concrete
- as a result of evaluating the atmospheric purification performance of aggregate, nitrogen oxides and acetaldehyde were effectively removed by more than 25% (the test result of the comparison group-clay: 100%, aggregate: 1%)
○ Antifouling performance assessment of aggregate for concrete
- as a result of testing the performance of the methylene blue decomposition activity index as an antifouling performance assessment of the aggregate, it was found to be 5.8%, satisfying the original performance goal (5%) (the result of the comparison group-clay: 100%, aggregate test: 1.7%)
○ Prototype development using sludge aggregate and a proposal for its utilization guideline
- production of the prototype applied to secondary concrete products
ㆍconcrete paving blocks and plates
○ relevant patent application
- manufacturing methods of lightweight aggregate for concrete products using dyestuff wastewater sludge

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1
• 제출문 ... 2
• 보고서 요약서 ... 3
• 요약문 ... 4
• SUMMARY ... 16
• CONTENTS ... 32
• 목차 ... 37
• 표목차 ... 41
• 그림목차 ... 47
• 제 1 장 연구개발과제의 개요 ... 59
• 제 1 절 연구개발 목표 ... 59
• 1. 대경권 퇴적암(셰일)의 콘크리트용 골재 활용성 연구 ... 60
• 2. 낙동강 세사의 골재활용기술 개발 ... 61
• 3. 대경권 염색공단슬러지를 이용한 골재활용기술 개발 ... 64
• 제 2 절 연구개발의 중요성 ... 68
• 1. 대경권 퇴적암(셰일)의 콘크리트용 골재 활용성 연구 ... 69
• 2. 낙동강 세사의 골재활용기술 개발 ... 72
• 3. 대경권 염색공단슬러지를 이용한 골재활용기술 개발 ... 73
• 제 2 장 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 79
• 제 1 절 연구개발 현황 ... 79
• 1. 대경권 퇴적암(셰일)의 콘크리트용 골재 활용성 연구 ... 79
• 2. 낙동강 세사의 골재활용기술 개발 ... 82
• 3. 대경권 염색공단슬러지를 이용한 골재활용기술 개발 ... 82
• 제 2 절 국내외 관련 기술 및 산업 동향 ... 83
• 1. 국내 기술 및 산업 동향 ... 83
• 2. 국외 기술 및 산업 동향 ... 86
• 3. 특허 동향 ... 92
• 4. 정부지원정책 현황 ... 95
• 5. 종합 결론 ... 96
• 6. 연구개발과제 및 대상기술의 중복성 검토 ... 99
• 7. 타 산업 및 국내외 연계·협력 가능성 ... 102
• 제 3 장 연구개발수행 내용 및 결과 ... 103
• 제 1 절 대경권 퇴적암(셰일)의 콘크리트용 골재 활용성 연구 ... 108
• 1. 대경권 퇴적암(셰일)의 분류 ... 111
• 2. 셰일의 물리·화학·역학적 특성 평가 ... 117
• 3. 팔공산 주변 혼펠스의 특성 평가 ... 150
• 4. 대경권 퇴적암(셰일)의 콘크리트용 골재 물성평가 ... 159
• 5. 셰일의 풍화 메커니즘 분석 ... 178
• 6. 셰일을 굵은골재로 사용한 콘크리트의 특성 및 내구성능 평가 ... 187
• 7. 강도수준별 셰일골재 치환율에 따른 콘크리트의 특성 ... 197
• 8. 셰일골재의 풍화도에 따른 콘크리트의 특성 ... 206
• 9. 셰일골재의 성능개선 ... 215
• 10. 대경권 셰일골재의 콘크리트용 골재 활용지침(안) ... 235
• 제 2 절 낙동강 세사의 골재활용기술 개발 ... 241
• 1. 개요 ... 241
• 2. 대표위치 선정 및 시료 채취 ... 242
• 3. 낙동강 위치별 세사의 물성 평가 ... 244
• 4. 세사의 부존량 조사 및 하천모래 수급 예측 ... 250
• 5. 낙동강 위치별 세사의 물성 DB 구축 ... 252
• 6. 세사 종류별 콘크리트 배합설계 ... 255
• 7. 세사를 사용한 콘크리트의 역학적 특성 및 내구성 평가 ... 264
• 8. 세사의 유기 불순물 및 중금속 함유량 평가 ... 276
• 9. 세사를 사용한 콘크리트의 경제성 분석 ... 279
• 10. 세사의 적정 입도 범위(조립률) 도출 ... 282
• 11. 콘크리트용 잔골재로서 세사의 활용지침(안) ... 284
• 제 3 절 염색공단 슬러지의 골재활용기술 개발 ... 291
• 1. 염색공단 슬러지의 특성 ... 291
• 2. 염색공단 슬러지를 이용한 인공경량골재의 제조 ... 298
• 3. 소성온도 저감 등 슬러지 골재의 성능개선을 위한 첨가 재료 조사 ... 349
• 4. 첨가재료에 따른 슬러지 골재의 특성 평가 ... 357
• 5. SEM 및 광활성 분석 ... 372
• 6. 슬러지 골재의 최적배합비 산정 ... 380
• 7. 슬러지 골재 제작 ... 387
• 8. 슬러지 골재 기본물성평가 ... 391
• 9. 슬러지 골재의 대기정화 및 방오성능 평가 ... 398
• 10. 슬러지 골재의 중금속 용출 특성 평가 ... 399
• 11. 슬러지 골재를 적용한 콘크리트의 내구성 평가 ... 401
• 12. 슬러지 골재의 성능평가 결과 ... 409
• 13. 슬러지 골재의 경제성 평가 ... 410
• 14. 슬러지 골재를 활용한 점토제품 활용방안 및 콘크리트 보도용 투수 블록 제작 ... 412
• 제 4 장 목표달성도 및 관련분야에의 기여도 ... 421
• 제 1 절 최종 성과목표 달성도 ... 421
• 1. 연구개발 최종목표 ... 421
• 2. 최종목표 달성도 ... 437
• 제 2 절 연구결과 활용방안 및 기대효과 ... 438
• 1. 활용방안 ... 438
• 2. 기대효과 ... 440
• 제 5 장 연구개발 결과의 활용계획 ... 445
• 제 1 절 추가연구의 필요성 ... 445
• 1. 대경권 퇴적암(셰일)의 콘크리트용 골재 활용성 연구 ... 445
• 2. 낙동강 세사의 골재 활용기술 개발 ... 445
• 3. 대경권 염색공단슬러지를 이용한 골재활용기술 개발 ... 446
• 제 2 절 사업화 추진방안 ... 447
• 1. 대경권 퇴적암(셰일)의 콘크리트용 골재 활용성 연구 ... 448
• 2. 낙동강 세사의 골재 활용기술 개발 ... 450
• 3. 대경권 염색공단슬러지를 이용한 골재활용기술 개발 ... 451
• 제 6 장 연구개발과정에서 수집한 해외과학기술정보 ... 453
• 제 7 장 참고문헌 ... 455
• 부록 1 대경권 셰일골재의 콘크리트용 골재 활용지침(안) ... 462
• 부록 2 콘크리트 잔골재로서 세사의 활용지침(안) ... 470
• 부록 3 최종성과물 총람 ... 479
• 끝페이지 ... 485