![Energy levels plotted as a function of the Bp for the system of nitrogen free radical[16]. Six energy states are defined in the text.](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_98_image_59.jpg "Energy levels plotted as a function of the Bp for the system of nitrogen free radical[16]. Six energy states are defined in the text.")
![Chemical structure of TEMPOL[16].](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_99_image_60.jpg "Chemical structure of TEMPOL[16].")
![The theoretical curves[16]: (a) The transition frequency vs.Bp. (b)The theoretical enhancement factors of four transitions vs.Bp .](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_101_image_65.jpg "The theoretical curves[16]: (a) The transition frequency vs.Bp. (b)The theoretical enhancement factors of four transitions vs.Bp .")
![Theoretically obtained individual DNP spectrum (eij) vs. the rf at Bp of (a) 47.68, (b) 4.91, (c) 2.04, and (d) 0.71 μT[16].](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_102_image_66.jpg "Theoretically obtained individual DNP spectrum (eij) vs. the rf at Bp of (a) 47.68, (b) 4.91, (c) 2.04, and (d) 0.71 μT[16].")
![(a) Experimentally and (b) theoretically obtained DNP spectra vs. the rf at of 47.68, 4.91, 2.04, and 0.71 μT[16].](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_103_image_67.jpg "(a) Experimentally and (b) theoretically obtained DNP spectra vs. the rf at of 47.68, 4.91, 2.04, and 0.71 μT[16].")
![The net enhancement factors (Enet) vs. Bp , for higher and lower frequency-side peaks(HP and LP)[16]. Solid and dashed lines represent the theoretical curves, which are rescaled by matching the values at 47.68 μT to the experimental values.](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_104_image_68.jpg "The net enhancement factors (Enet) vs. Bp , for higher and lower frequency-side peaks(HP and LP)[16]. Solid and dashed lines represent the theoretical curves, which are rescaled by matching the values at 47.68 μT to the experimental values.")
![The net enhancement factors (Enet) vs. the rf power, obtained with 74.4 MHz rf frequency at 4.91 μT[16].](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_106_image_70.jpg "The net enhancement factors (Enet) vs. the rf power, obtained with 74.4 MHz rf frequency at 4.91 μT[16].")
![Photograph of the DNP phantom containing 2 mM TEMPOL solution[22].](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_110_image_74.jpg "Photograph of the DNP phantom containing 2 mM TEMPOL solution[22].")
![Experimental setup for the ULF-DNP MRI experiment: (a) The diagram[22] and photograph of the ULF-DNP MRI system.](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_110_image_75.jpg "Experimental setup for the ULF-DNP MRI experiment: (a) The diagram[22] and photograph of the ULF-DNP MRI system.")
![Illustration of the pulse sequence diagram for the DNP-MR experiment[22].](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_111_image_76.jpg "Illustration of the pulse sequence diagram for the DNP-MR experiment[22].")
![The diagram of the tank circuits[22].](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_111_image_77.jpg "The diagram of the tank circuits[22].")
![Illustration of the pulse sequence diagram for the DNP-MR experiment[22].](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_112_image_78.jpg "Illustration of the pulse sequence diagram for the DNP-MR experiment[22].")
![The T ratio between the tumor (T) and the normal (N) tissue vs.the cancer ratio[31]. The closed circles, open circles, and closed squares represent the data obtained at 122, 62, and 37 μT, respectively. The error bars represent the standard errors. Lines are linear fits to data obtained at each field.](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_130_image_93.jpg "The T ratio between the tumor (T) and the normal (N) tissue vs.the cancer ratio[31]. The closed circles, open circles, and closed squares represent the data obtained at 122, 62, and 37 μT, respectively. The error bars represent the standard errors. Lines are linear fits to data obtained at each field.")
![The normalized spectra for the tumor tissue (#9) and mucinous carcinoma (#10) obtained by ms and 62 μT[31].](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_131_image_94.jpg "The normalized spectra for the tumor tissue (#9) and mucinous carcinoma (#10) obtained by ms and 62 μT[31].")
![The concept of the brain magnetic resonance[1].](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_141_image_103.jpg "The concept of the brain magnetic resonance[1].")
![Photographs of two-dipole phantom for the micro-Tesla BMR experiment[1]. The picture in (b) is the photograph of the same phantom shown in (a), seen from a different view angle.](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_142_image_104.jpg "Photographs of two-dipole phantom for the micro-Tesla BMR experiment[1]. The picture in (b) is the photograph of the same phantom shown in (a), seen from a different view angle.")
![BMR signal intensity versus modulation time[1].](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_146_image_108.jpg "BMR signal intensity versus modulation time[1].")
![BMR signal intensity versus brainwave frequency[1].](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_148_image_110.jpg "BMR signal intensity versus brainwave frequency[1].")
![MR image of the vial including a two-dipole phantom[1].](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_148_image_111.jpg "MR image of the vial including a two-dipole phantom[1].")
![(Left) Two dimensional NRM spectrum of 13C methanol obtained at approximately 5 uT. (Right) The spectrum produced by numerical simulation (Figure referred from [24])](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_183_image_146.jpg "(Left) Two dimensional NRM spectrum of 13C methanol obtained at approximately 5 uT. (Right) The spectrum produced by numerical simulation (Figure referred from [24])")
![(a) Schematic of the SQUID system with a cold head surrounded by μ-metal separated from a SQUID magnetometers shielded by a superconductive plate. (b) Sensor array plate having 64 positions. Thirteen magnetometer positions are notated used for the present experiments. (c) The cross sectional view of the SQUID sensor array with a supercondutive shield[31].](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_227_image_186.jpg "(a) Schematic of the SQUID system with a cold head surrounded by μ-metal separated from a SQUID magnetometers shielded by a superconductive plate. (b) Sensor array plate having 64 positions. Thirteen magnetometer positions are notated used for the present experiments. (c) The cross sectional view of the SQUID sensor array with a supercondutive shield[31].")
![2D components of the magnetic field at different sensor locations (m and n). The orientation of the local x-y axis is defined such that the positive x-axis points to the east and the positive y-axis points to the north[53].](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_266_image_215.jpg "2D components of the magnetic field at different sensor locations (m and n). The orientation of the local x-y axis is defined such that the positive x-axis points to the east and the positive y-axis points to the north[53].")
![The real auditory evoked MEG data from a subject. The averaged auditory evoked magnetic fields at all MEG sensors are displayed as a butterfly plots(top) with topographic maps at three time points(bottom). The solid vertical lines denote corresponding time points[53].](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_268_image_216.jpg "The real auditory evoked MEG data from a subject. The averaged auditory evoked magnetic fields at all MEG sensors are displayed as a butterfly plots(top) with topographic maps at three time points(bottom). The solid vertical lines denote corresponding time points[53].")
![Schematic illustration of the procedure to introduce variability of spontaneous brain activities in event-related responses[53]. Rectangles indicate individual trials consisting of pre-stimulus and post-stimulus periods around stimulation.](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_271_image_221.jpg "Schematic illustration of the procedure to introduce variability of spontaneous brain activities in event-related responses[53]. Rectangles indicate individual trials consisting of pre-stimulus and post-stimulus periods around stimulation.")
![Simulated event-related power perturbation(ERSP) for axial gradiometer sensors(A) and for tangential magnetometer sensors(B). Dark areas show statistically significant power increase relative to the baseline (p<0.0003, Wilcoxon signed-rank test)[53].](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_273_image_224.jpg "Simulated event-related power perturbation(ERSP) for axial gradiometer sensors(A) and for tangential magnetometer sensors(B). Dark areas show statistically significant power increase relative to the baseline (p<0.0003, Wilcoxon signed-rank test)[53].")
![Event related spectral power distributions for all MEG sensors obtained from tactile evoked MEG data (a) for right index finger and (b) for left index finger. The ERSP was calculated for frequency range of [5, 50] Hz between -0.2 s and 1.0 s around the stimulation onset.](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_283_image_235.jpg "Event related spectral power distributions for all MEG sensors obtained from tactile evoked MEG data (a) for right index finger and (b) for left index finger. The ERSP was calculated for frequency range of [5, 50] Hz between -0.2 s and 1.0 s around the stimulation onset.")
![(a) Experimental paradigm for the attnetion network test[64], (b) four cue conditions and (c) 3 target conditions used in the protocol.](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_285_image_236.jpg "(a) Experimental paradigm for the attnetion network test[64], (b) four cue conditions and (c) 3 target conditions used in the protocol.")
![Statistical comparisons of the difference in the N100m latency and the ratio of the equivalent current dipole strength between the control side and HFS side[75].](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_290_image_241.jpg "Statistical comparisons of the difference in the N100m latency and the ratio of the equivalent current dipole strength between the control side and HFS side[75].")
![Equivalent current dipole strength(ECDS) of N20m and P35m in the tumor(T) and normal(N) hemispheres in patients with seizure(left) and without seizure(right)[76].](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_293_image_245.jpg "Equivalent current dipole strength(ECDS) of N20m and P35m in the tumor(T) and normal(N) hemispheres in patients with seizure(left) and without seizure(right)[76].")
![The motor related Mu rhythms before and after the high intensity focused ultrasound treatment applied to a essential tremor patient[77].](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_294_image_246.jpg "The motor related Mu rhythms before and after the high intensity focused ultrasound treatment applied to a essential tremor patient[77].")
![Schematic diagram of a retro-reflection atomic magnetometer system (the figures are on courtage of NeuroImage[5]).](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_331_image_274.jpg "Schematic diagram of a retro-reflection atomic magnetometer system (the figures are on courtage of NeuroImage[5]).")
![Two orthogonal tangential field measurements in the newly-designed system (the figures are on courtage of NeuroImage[5]).](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_332_image_275.jpg "Two orthogonal tangential field measurements in the newly-designed system (the figures are on courtage of NeuroImage[5]).")
![Source localizaton result of auditory evoked magnetic fields measured by an atomic magnetometer system (the figures are on courtage of NeuroImage [5]).](https://nrms.kisti.re.kr/bitextimages/TRKO201600001264/TRKO201600001264_332_image_276.jpg "Source localizaton result of auditory evoked magnetic fields measured by an atomic magnetometer system (the figures are on courtage of NeuroImage [5]).")
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| 주관연구기관 | 한국표준과학연구원 Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science |
|---|---|
| 연구책임자 | 김기웅 |
| 참여연구자 | 심정현 , 유권규 , 권혁찬 , 김인선 , 이상길 , 이용호 , 김진목 , 그외 다수 , 김민영 , 이성주 |
| 보고서유형 | 2단계보고서 |
| 발행국가 | 대한민국 |
| 언어 | 한국어 |
| 발행년월 | 2015-12 |
| 과제시작연도 | 2015 |
| 주관부처 | 미래창조과학부 KA |
| 사업 관리 기관 | 한국표준과학연구원 Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science |
| 등록번호 | TRKO201600001264 |
| 과제고유번호 | 1711034525 |
| DB 구축일자 | 2016-05-14 |
| 키워드 | 원자자력계,생체자기공명,뇌자도. 극저자장 자기공명SQUID,atomic magnetometer,biomagnetic resonance,MEG,ultra-low field NMR/MRI |
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