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Kafe 바로가기주관연구기관 | 국립농업과학원 National Institute of Agricultural Sciences |
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보고서유형 | 최종보고서 |
발행국가 | 대한민국 |
언어 | 한국어 |
발행년월 | 2015-12 |
과제시작연도 | 2015 |
주관부처 | 농촌진흥청 Rural Development Administration(RDA) |
등록번호 | TRKO201600003093 |
과제고유번호 | 1395040878 |
사업명 | 농업기후변화적응체계구축 |
DB 구축일자 | 2016-06-25 |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.23000/TRKO201600003093 |
Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
○ 아시아지역 이동성 병해충 적기 방제를 위한 국제협력 네트워크 구축
○ “아시아지역 이동성 병해충 관리 (IPM)” 사업 2단계 결과 연례 평가회 개최 (‘14:11개국 40명 참석, ’15: 11개국 46명 참석)
○ 아시아 지역별 이동성 바이러스병 발생정보 조사
○ 벼에 발생하는 8종 바이러스 진단법 개발 및 보급
○ 웹기반 이동성 병해충 기술정보 교류 시스템 고도화(시스템접속 개선, 예찰정보 입출력등)
○ 국가별 실시간 이동성 해충 발생정보 수집 및 가공
○ 이동성 해충
Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
○ 아시아지역 이동성 병해충 적기 방제를 위한 국제협력 네트워크 구축
○ “아시아지역 이동성 병해충 관리 (IPM)” 사업 2단계 결과 연례 평가회 개최 (‘14:11개국 40명 참석, ’15: 11개국 46명 참석)
○ 아시아 지역별 이동성 바이러스병 발생정보 조사
○ 벼에 발생하는 8종 바이러스 진단법 개발 및 보급
○ 웹기반 이동성 병해충 기술정보 교류 시스템 고도화(시스템접속 개선, 예찰정보 입출력등)
○ 국가별 실시간 이동성 해충 발생정보 수집 및 가공
○ 이동성 해충에 대한 표준화된 현장 매뉴얼 개발 및 교육
○ 국가별 신문제 해충의 유전자원 확보(한국등 아시아지역 10개국 대상)
○ 벼멸구 초위성체 마커 7종 선발 및 유전적 다양성 분석
○ 다양한 분리주로부터 RSV 4개 유전자 염기서열을 분석 비교하여 총 5개의 제한효소 위치를 찾았으며, 이를 이용하여 국내 한국 RSV의 기원 및 계통학수 연구 수행
○ small RNA데이타를 이용해 RSV 바이러스 감염시 벼 novel miRNA 19개 동정 및 분석함
○ 아시아 지역 SRBSDV 전체 염기서열 분석 및 RT-LAMP 개발
○ 포집 해충의 실시간 계수, 이미지 취득 및 정보 전송 기능의 스마트 공중 포집기 개발완료
○ 스마트 공중 포집기 현장 설치, 운영 테스트 및 검증(전국20개소 설치 완료)
○ 개발한 스마트 공중 포집기의 보완
○ 중앙 및 지역 연계한 이동성 해충 실시간 모니터링 시스템 개발 구현
○ 스마트 유아등 포집기 개발 및 설치운영, 테스트 완료
○ LED를 이용한 유아등 개발 - 아이보리색에서 효과 우수하며 기존 유아등 대체 가능성 있음
○ 이동성 해충에 대한 기존 공중 포충망 대체 가능성 검증
○ 현장 적용 운영할 수 있는 이동성 해충 실시간 모니터링 시스템 구축
○ 벼주요 비래해충 실시간 모니터링 시스템설치 및 효과 검증
○ 벼주요 병해충 발생상황 조사 및 방제 추진
○ 벼주요 비래 해충 예찰 방법 개선 및 방제체계 구축
○ 성페로몬 트랩을 이용한 혹명나방 예찰결과 초기 비래 확인 및 유아등 및 공중포충망 보다 포획효과 우수한 것으로 확인됨
○ 애멸구와 흰등멸구의 분자 마커 탐색 및 개발
○ 유전형 정보를 집단 유전분석 프로그램(MicroChecker, GenAlex, GenePop, FSTAT, STRUCTURE, DIYABC 등)을 이용하여 국가별 애멸구와 흰등멸구의 유전적 변이를 확인하고 집단 간 유연관계 분석
○ 지역 간 유전적 다양성 및 근친도를 분석하여 이들 집단 간 유연관계 및 분자 흐름의 해석을 통한 아시아 지역의 애멸구와 흰등멸구의 비래원 및 비래경로 추정
Rice planthoppers (RPH) such as brown planthoppers (BPH), small brown planthoppers (SBPH), and white-backed planthoppers (WBPH) have been serious constraints to the rice production in Asian countries. RPH also may transmit viruses devastatingly detrimental to rice plants. In order to minimize the pr
Rice planthoppers (RPH) such as brown planthoppers (BPH), small brown planthoppers (SBPH), and white-backed planthoppers (WBPH) have been serious constraints to the rice production in Asian countries. RPH also may transmit viruses devastatingly detrimental to rice plants. In order to minimize the production losses of rice from RPH and associated viruses, the construction of collaborative network among Asian countries is very important to reduce increasing threat of RPH and associated viruses.
The AFACI Project annual workshops on the “Construction of Epidemiology information Interchange System for Migratory Disease and Insect Pests in Asia Region (IPM)” were conducted at Laos in 2013, Cambodia in 2014, and Sri Lanka in 2015. The workshops were attended by Principal investigators from 11 AFACI member countries (Bangladesh, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Mongolia, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam, and Korea), aimed to share results of the projects and exchange knowledge and experiences among the AFACI member countries. Each invited principal investigator presented their country report pertaining to the project.
The forecasting data on planthoppers were constructed at the AMIVS system through the monitoring activities by the experts of AFACI member countries. About 11,427 light trap data from 2013 to 2015 was produced from 25 sites of 9 countries, and about 561 sticky trap data (field collection) during 2013 and 2015 was produced from 19 sites of 7 countries. Analysis results of the light trap and field collection data in this system this year showed that each country or region has unique seasonal dynamics and dominance pattern of planthoppers according to the cropping pattern and environment. The high population of BPH was mainly observed in Thailand and Vietnam. On the other hand, BPH density was low in the other regions. Now, more and more scouting sites and data from member countries are voluntarily entered in this system, and we could expect that more substantial scouting information could be shared and produced in next year.
This study was conducted to analysis the genetic variation of Nilaparvata lugens populations sampled in several Asian countries. More than 2,500 samples were collected in seven countries (South Korea, China, Vietnam, Bangladesh, Nepal, Laos and Thailand) between 2012 and 2014 year. We investigated the population genetic structure and estimated migration route of Nilaparvata lugens among sixteen locations across four countries (South Korea, China, Bangladesh, and Nepal) using seven microsatellite markers developed by Sun et al. (2011) and Min (2012). The number of alleles per locus ranged from 14 to 24 with an average of 19.43 alleles per locus. The mean observed heterozygosity of the sixteen population ranged from 0.156 to 1.000 and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.177 to 0.933. Sixteen populations were roughly divided into four groups by principal coordinate analysis and Sancheong population was farthest apart from other populations. A population assignment test using the first-generation migrant detection method suggested that long-distance dispersal of BPH may have occurred over large areas of China and South Korea. By using developed primer sets of microsatellite, population genetic studies could be better understand the migration routes and the population structure of Nilaparvata lugens.
The rice planthoppers, Laodelphax striatellus(Fallén) and Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) are among the most serious rice pests in Asia and transmit virus to the rice. The population genetic structure of L. striatellus has not been revealed in Korea. Moreover, the origin and migration route of S. furcifera in Korea remains unclear.
In this study, we used nine microsatellite(SSR) markers to estimate genetic population of L. striatellus. Samples of L. striatellus was collected in Vietnam (3 sites) in 2012, in April and September in 2013 (14 sites) and in April and July in 2014 (16 sites) in Korea, and in China (3 sites) in 2014. The average of allelic richness(AR) ranging from 5.5 to 11.129 across populations was the lowest in the April populations in 2014. Pairwise FST values ranged from –0.0048 to 0.0484 among total genotypes. Exact test s showe dnosignificance in all pairwise populations in April in 2013 and July in 2014. Isolation by distance (IBD) was not significant in both 2013 (r2=0.0015, p=0.3) and 2014 r2=0.0041,p=0.16), indicating high gene flow among L. striatellus populations in Korea. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed significantly different genetic variation among years and seasons. In principal coordinate analysis (PCoA), the April population from 2014 was separated from other groups for 21.45% for axis 1 in total genetic variance. STRUCTURE program suggested two genetic cluster, and revealed that a maximum values was 30.04 at ΔK=2, in Korea. In addition, investigation was made to determine the ratio of wing morphs, macropter and brachypter, of L. striatellus. Sampling was taken at sixteen sites in April and July, 2014. Compared to the April population, ratio of brachyterous male in the July population declined significantly, while the brachypterous female ratio increased but it was not significant. A positive relationship was found between the latitude and the ratio of brachypterous adults in April.
In present study, we applied twelve microsatellite markers for S. furcifera to estimate genetic structures. S. furcifera was sampled from various countries in 2012 (Laos, Korea, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam, and three sites in Bangladesh), 2013 (China, Nepal, Thailand, two sites in Bangladesh, and fifteen sites in Korea), and 2014 (four sites in China and ten sites in Korea). The range of the observed (HO) was 0.275 to 0.615 and expected (HE) heterozygosity was 0.506 to 0.79, respectively. The heterozygosity level was low and high gene flow showed among populations which may allowed homogenizing genetic diversity. The result from structure harvester, the three clusters revealed in delta K. The population assignment test indicated that the long-distance dispersal of S. furcifera may have appeared along the areas in Asia. Moreover, there were genetic mixing among the population in Korea, which indicated the high rate of dispersion and movement to adjacent locations.
The lack of genetic differentiation indicated the possibility of high dispersal of L. striatellus across the geographic areas in Korea. Also, the results suggested the possibility of Asian population of S.furcifera may represent on large panmictic population. This study provides useful data to forecast the dispersal pathway and may develop sustainable management of planthopper outbreaks in Asia.
Rice stripe virus (RSV) is a single-stranded RNA virus which is one of the most harmful virus of rice in East Asian countries. In infected rice, RSV causes severe symptoms including chlorotic stripes, chlorosis, and necrosis of leaves. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs, which is consisted of 19-24 nucleotides. It is known that miRNAs regulate gene expression in transcriptional or post-transcriptional manner as a defense mechanism for viral infection. In this study, we have 1) conducted RNA-Seq and small RNA sequencing analyses to identify differently expressed rice genes and miRNAs which is induced upon RSV infection in three different time points; 2) analyzed genome sequence variations as well as evolution of RSV collected from Korea and China; and 3) developed rapid and accurate detection methods for RSV and RBSDV. Our results indicated that from 8 to 11% of rice genes was differently expressed and 374 conserved miRNAs were identified from miRBase database. Among the 374 conserved miRNAs, 19 novel miRNAs were differentially expressed in 3 different time points. Based on result of RNA-Seq and small RNA sequencing data, we selected a total of 23 miRNA target genes as candidate host factors that might affect RSV infection. Furthermore, we selected 9 Arabidopsis gene orthologues in rice which is involved in jasmonic acid (JA) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana. To verify possible function(s) of these selected candidate genes, we induced a transient over-expression system with Nicotiana benthamiana in which RSV can replicate and cause visible disease symptoms. This study will provide an efficient method for screening of rice genes involved in RSV infection and for characterizing possible functions of selected rice genes differentially expressed in RSV infection.
With rapid and accurate monitoring the flying pests influx from abroad it is one of critical component of forecasting the unexpected. In addition, when introducing a new forecasting equipment and systems, it takes a considerable time before stabilization. Smart trap for developing the smart module that enables the rapid and accurate forecasting integrated by applying to the old equipment is the best way to solve the above two problems at the same time.
In this study, we have developed a smart airborne net trap by integrating the old one with the smart module which have functions of shoot and count the collected pests. And it was implemented the real-time monitoring system of the flying mobile pests which can effectively process the information generated from the smart trap. A rapid and accurate forecasting was carried out by building the real-time monitoring system of the unexpected flying pests planthopper.
After operating the system with smart traps in 20 counties, it can solved the unforecastable situations, imporved collecting performance for planthoppers, a real-time detecting planthoppers in arriving and share the planthopper arriving information through detecting planthoppers in arriving and share the planthopper arriving information through the demestic-wide
In this study, we build a real-time monitoring system that can minimize the damage to rice production using optimum chemical control time by nationwide migration predicts status of RPH. The occurrence of rice leaf roller could be confirmed after incidence of the damage in rice fields. But the application of forecasting method using sex pheromone is expected to reduce the damage through the accurate monitor and optimal chemical control time.
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