초록 ▼

Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
❍ 케나프 수집자원 특성평가 및 축산사료 최적 계통 선발
- 유전자원 수집 및 특성평가 : 케냐 등 10국 29종 수집, 생육 및 수량, 사료영양가치 평가
- 우수자원 선발(높은 수량성과 사료가치 보유) : 수량 13,500kg/10a 이상 4종, 채종가능 1종
❍ 케나프 지역 적응성 검정 : 평야지, 중산간지, 산간지
- 수량 : 평야지(100%), 중산간지(85%), 산간지(70%)
- 온도적응성 : 평균기온 20℃ 상회일수 1일당 수량 50kg/10a 증가
❍ 생산성 향상

Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
❍ 케나프 수집자원 특성평가 및 축산사료 최적 계통 선발
- 유전자원 수집 및 특성평가 : 케냐 등 10국 29종 수집, 생육 및 수량, 사료영양가치 평가
- 우수자원 선발(높은 수량성과 사료가치 보유) : 수량 13,500kg/10a 이상 4종, 채종가능 1종
❍ 케나프 지역 적응성 검정 : 평야지, 중산간지, 산간지
- 수량 : 평야지(100%), 중산간지(85%), 산간지(70%)
- 온도적응성 : 평균기온 20℃ 상회일수 1일당 수량 50kg/10a 증가
❍ 생산성 향상 재배기술 개발
- 파종시기 및 방법 : 5월 1일/기계 조파/20×20cm → 수량 13,120kg/10a
- 예취기술 개발 : 주지절단을 통한 분지발생 → 목질화 최소화를 통한 사료가치 향상
·파종 45일 후 20cm 높이 이상에서 주지절단 : 총가소화양분 함량 6.4%p 증가
- 제초제 선발 : Fluazipof-p-butyl(잡초방제가 94% 이상, 약해율 5% 이하)
- 케나프 시비법 설정 : 질소 비료량 및 시비방법 설정, 가축분 액비 투입량 설정
·요소 15kg/10a, 파종시와 파종후 60일 2회 분시 : 수량 13,675kg/10a(무투입 대비 21%증)
·가축분 액비 2.5t/10a 투입 : 수량 12,408kg/10a(화학비료 표준시지 대비 18% 증수)
- 케나프 영양가치 향상 혼파기술 개발
·케나프 30%+옥수수 70 혼파 : 총가소화양분(TDN) 함량 57.9%(단용 대비 11.8%증)
❍ 케나프 사료 영양가치 평가
- 사료 영양가치 분석을 통한 최적 수확시기 설정 : 파종 100일∼120일 수확
·파종 100일∼120일 수확 케나프 : 수량 10t/10a 이상, 조단백 8.6~10.6%, TDN 52.2~55.3%
- 케나프 사일리지 독소 분석 : HCN(청산), Aplatoxin(곰팡이독소) 기준치 이내 안전
❍ 케나프 사일리지 젖소 급여 실증 : 젖소 목장, 28두, 40일 급여 생산 우유 분석
* 급여 프로그램 : 케나프(대조구 : 수단그라스) 4kg+건초 8kg+에너지원 4kg+배합사료 11kg)
- 산유량 : 회당 평균 10.8L/두(수단그라스 급여 대조구 대비 3.4% 증가)
- 영양성분 개선 : 대조구 대비 유지방 17.3%p, 유단백 10.3%p, 고형분 4.0%p 증가
- 지방산 분석 : 오메가 3(3종) 함량 동일, 오메가 6(3종) 함량 1.7배, 오메가 9(2종) 함량 1.3배
* 지방산 분석 36항목 중 증가 17항목 동일 14항목 감소 5항목
❍ 케나프 경제성분석 : 소득 706,090원,
- 소득 : 조수입 1,080,000-경영비 373,910=소득 706,090원 * 사료용옥수수 325,540, 총체벼 242,480
- 소득률(소득/조수입) : 65.4% * 사료용옥수수 39.9%, 총체벼 44.4%

Abstract ▼

Kenaf(Hibiscus cannabinus L.) was recognized as a potential source of forage. But the domestic cultivation techniques are not set standards yet. So we tested the basic culture techniques during 2013~2015 for getting a high yield and good grade forage production system. At first, we analyzed ecotype,

Kenaf(Hibiscus cannabinus L.) was recognized as a potential source of forage. But the domestic cultivation techniques are not set standards yet. So we tested the basic culture techniques during 2013~2015 for getting a high yield and good grade forage production system. At first, we analyzed ecotype, growth and development, yield and feed value of collected 29 resources which collected from 10 countries to confirm the possibility of the introduction into Korea. They were divided into 3 groups depending on flowering time, early maturing type blooming in early July, mid-late maturing type blooming from end of August to early September and late maturing type blooming in end of October. Early maturing type could get fruitful seed but dropped yield(average 7,895kg/10a) and late maturing type could get high yield(average 12,572kg/10a) but deletion. The other side mid-late maturing type could get yield over a certain level (average 11,207kg/10a) and fruitful seed was ensured. The yields analyzed by resources indicated that K12(Hongma 300) collected in China, K25 from India, K22 from Russia and K21(Khon kaen 60) variety from China were more than 13,500kg per 10a. Feed value of early maturing type had inclined to more better than other types, but like dry digestible matter(DDM) and dry matter intake(DMI) of some late maturing types like K12, K21, K22 which had a high yielding ability were more better than that of early maturing types’. So relative feed value(RFV) which considered comprehensive item for feed value were indicated K21 was 102.5, K12 was 116.2 and K22 was 120.2. ‘Jangdae’ the variety developed in Korea which could complement of other types’ had a good quality for yield 10,975kg/10a and 12.5% crude protein content and 101.9 of the relative feed value. In confirm of cultivation methods, the best seeding method for mechanized planting(corn planter used) was hill seeding with 20×20cm seeding distance. When we treated hill seeding with 20×20cm, the yield what we could get was 13,641kg/10a and it was 32% more than that of conventional practice hill seeding with 20×30cm seeding distance. The proper seeding date for getting high yield was May 1. In May 1, the yield per 10a was reached 13,423kg, and it was 30% more than that of seeding at May 30. More over the crude protein content which was important factor for determinating forage nutritive value was 12.7% and it was higher 1.8%(relatively 16.5% high) than that of May 30 seeding. The adjustable amount of seeding was 2kg/10a. when seed amount was ranged from 2~8kg/10a, the yield of kenaf fresh weight was not changed dramatically. But the leaf area index was decreased gradually through increasing the seed amount and it caused the deterioration of the feed value so quality of product was differed by large scale.
To maintain balance between yield and product quality, the seed amount should be input within 2kg/10a. To enhance the feed value by increasing the portion of growing point, we cut the main stem and induced the new branches. The lowest cutting height could maintain upper 90% regeneration rate was 20cm and fittest date for cutting was 45days after seeding. It lead increasing the branch No. from 87.9 ea/plant to 156.4 and elevate the total digestible nutrients by 6.4%p. To secure the possibility of forage using, enhancing the productivity was important. To maximize the yield, we set up fertilizer using methods. At first we set the input amount of inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer and dosage method. The proper input amount of inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer was 15kg/10a. When was input by amount of 15kg/10a, the yield of kenaf was reached 13,471kg/10a and it was 21.6% higher than that of non-input’s. The best method for fertilizer dosage was split at time of seeding and 60days after seeding. When dosage of inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer was splitted, the fertilizer input time was matched well with kenaf’s golden growing time. So it leads increasing yields to 13,825kg/10a(non-split : 13,640kg/10a). To increase the use of liquid manure, we substitute the inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer with liquid manure. If we used 2.5t/10a liquid manure, we could get a similar effect contrast to using inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer 15kg/10a. To elevate the feed value of kenaf, we used mixed sowing with corn. When we sow by rate of kenaf 70 : corn 30, the yield of total digestible nutrients was marked 6,236kg/10a, and it was 53.9% higher than corn’s 4,051kg/10a. The most effective herbicide for kenaf was Fluazipof-p-butyl. It’s herbicidal rate was upper 94% and phyto-toxicity was less than 5%. Regional adaptability for Jeollabuk-Do including Iksan(low altitude), Jinan, Jangsu(altitude 250~350m), Namwon(altitude 500m). The originate of kenaf was presumed Africa, so it was sensitive to the temperature. So when days of average temperature upper 20℃are decreased by 1, the yield of kenaf was decreased by 50kg/10a. The fittest harvesting time for kenaf was from 100days till 120days after seeding. When kenaf harvest in this periods, we could maintain yield upper 10ton/10a, and feed value reached proper level(crude protein 8.5~10.6%, TDN 52.2~55.3%). To confirm the effect of kenaf feeding, we demonstrate the feeding test at stock farm to milk cow. When kenaf was feed by 40days, the amount of produced milk per cow was increased by 3.4% and fat, protein contents in milk was increased by 17.3% and 10.3% respectively. omega 6 also increased by 0.7 times and omega 9 by 0.3 times. We analysis the economical efficiency of kenaf culture. Total earning of kenaf was 1,080,000Won/10a and working costs were 333,160won so income per 10a marks 706,090Won. And it was higher by 380,540Won than Corn for forage and 463,610Won higher than rice for forage.