초록 ▼

Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
1. 취나물, 열무, 고본, 지치, 천궁의 주요병 발생 및 피해조사
열무 주요병 : 세균검은무늬병, 검은무늬병, 검은썩음병
취나물 주요병 : 잎마름병
고본 주요병 : 역병, 잎점무늬병, 잎마름병, 줄기썩음병
지치 주요병 : 역병
천궁 주요병 : 뿌리썩음병
2. 수수, 조, 기장, 팥 등의 주요 병 발생 및 피해조사
수수 주요병 : 탄저병, 바이러스병, 깜부기병, 이삭곰팡이병
조 주요병 : 도열병, 노균병, 바이러스병, 세균줄무늬병, 깜부기병
기장 주요병 : 도열

Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
1. 취나물, 열무, 고본, 지치, 천궁의 주요병 발생 및 피해조사
열무 주요병 : 세균검은무늬병, 검은무늬병, 검은썩음병
취나물 주요병 : 잎마름병
고본 주요병 : 역병, 잎점무늬병, 잎마름병, 줄기썩음병
지치 주요병 : 역병
천궁 주요병 : 뿌리썩음병
2. 수수, 조, 기장, 팥 등의 주요 병 발생 및 피해조사
수수 주요병 : 탄저병, 바이러스병, 깜부기병, 이삭곰팡이병
조 주요병 : 도열병, 노균병, 바이러스병, 세균줄무늬병, 깜부기병
기장 주요병 : 도열병, 바이러스병, 세균줄무늬병, 깜부기병
팥 주요병 : 저병, 흰가루병, 바이러스병, 세균병
3. 망고, 용과, 아티초크 등의 주요 병 발생 및 피해조사
망고 주요병 : 잿빛곰팡이병, 탄저병, 잎마름병, 가지마름병, 탄저병, 과실썩음병
용과 주요병 : 줄기썩음병, 갈색점무늬병
아티초크 주요병 : 반점병, 잿빛곰팡이병,
4. 청경채, 참나물, 비름, 블루베리 등의 주요 병 발생 및 피해조사
청경채 주요병 : 노균병, 균핵병, 시들음병, 뿌리혹병
참나물 주요병 : 균핵병, 잿빛곰팡이병, 잎얼룩증상
비름 주요병 : 흰녹가루병, 잘록병, 반점증상
블루베리 주요병 : 탄저병, 갈색무늬병, 잿빛곰팡이병
5. 참당귀, 고려엉겅퀴, 누룩치, 산마늘, 오미자 등의 주요 병해 발생 및 피해조사
참당귀 주요병 : 점무늬병, 줄기썩음병
고려엉겅퀴 주요병 : 점무늬병, 흰가루병
누룩치 주요병 : 뿌리썩음병, 점무늬병
산마늘 주요병 : 흰비단병, 잎마름병
오미자 주요병 : 잿빛곰팡이병, 흰가루병, 점무늬병
6. 황기, 민들레, 층층갈고리둥굴레, 감초 등의 주요 병 발생 및 피해조사
황기 주요병 : 시들음병, 뿌리혹증상, 흰가루병, 노균병
민들레 주요병 : 흰가루병, 점무늬증상, 점무늬병
층층갈고리둥글레 주요병 : 잎끝마름증상
감초 주요병 : 점무늬 증상, 갈색점무늬 증상, 뿌리썩음증상
7. 머위, 달래, 맥문동 등의 주요 병 발생 및 피해조사
머위 주요병 : 갈색점무늬병, 뿌리썩음병, 잎마름병, 점무늬병
맥문동 주요병 : 붉은점무늬병, 탄저병, 뿌리썩음병
달래 주요병 : 잿빛곰팡이병, 잎마름병,
8. 복분자, 콜라비, 여주, 부추 등의 주요병 발생 및 피해조사
복분자 주요병 : 점무늬병, 탄저병, 줄기마름병, 시들음병, 줄기혹병, 역병
콜라비 주요병 : 시들음병
여주 주요병 : 탄저병, 점무늬병, Black Rot, 흰가루병, 바이러스병,
부추 주요병 : 잎마름병, 균핵병, 노균병
9. 녹두, 황금, 방풍, 아스파라거스 등의 주요 병 발생 및 피해조사
녹두 주요병 : 갈색무늬병, 흰가루병, 탄저병, 잿빛곰팡이병
황금 주요병 : 시들음병, 점무늬병, 시들음병
방풍 주요병 : 흰가루병, 녹병, 점무늬병, 시들음병
아스파라거스 주요병 : 검은무늬병, 뿌리썩음병
10. 살구, 양앵두, 자두, 매실 등의 주요 병 발생 및 피해조사
살구 주요병 : 세균구멍병
양앵두 주요병 : 세균구멍병, 잿빛무늬병, 갈색무늬병, 주머니병
자두 주요병 : 세균구멍병, 검은점무늬병, 잿빛무늬병, 갈색고약병, 주머니병
매실 주요병 : 녹병
11. 감국, 둥굴레, 도라지, 초석잠 등의 주요 병 발생 및 피해조사
감국 주요병 : 검은무늬병, 녹병
둥글레 주요병 : 잎마름병, 갈색점무늬병
도라지 주요병 : 시들음병, 점무늬병
초석잠 주요병 : 시들음병, 흰가루병

Abstract ▼

During 2013 to 2015, we investigated major diseases of Fischer Ligularia (Ligularia fischeri L.), young radish (Raphanus sativus L.), Angelica tenuissima L., Redroot Gromwell (Lithospermum erythrorhizon L.), and Cnidium officinale L. Major diseases of young radish was black rot caused by Xanthomonas

During 2013 to 2015, we investigated major diseases of Fischer Ligularia (Ligularia fischeri L.), young radish (Raphanus sativus L.), Angelica tenuissima L., Redroot Gromwell (Lithospermum erythrorhizon L.), and Cnidium officinale L. Major diseases of young radish was black rot caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, bacterial leaf blight by Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola, and black spot by Aternaria brassicola. Leaf blight caused by Phoma sp. was observed during fischer ligularia cultivation. Major diseases of A. tenuissima were leaf spot caused by Collectotrichum sp., leaf blight by Bipolaris sp., phytophthora blight by Phytophtora sp., and stem blight by Fusarium sp. Phytophthora blight caused by Phytophthora sp. was major disease of L. erythrorhizon. Root rot caused by Fusarium sp. was major disease of C. officinale. Occurrence of black rot, bacterial blight, and black spot of young raddish steadily increased and reached to a maximum of 52% to 63%. Disease incidence of leaf blight of L. fischeri was 75% in late July of 2013. Leaf blight of A. tenuissima was observed 100% in a field cultivated in Jecheon, at middle June of 2014. Phytopohthora blight of L. erythrorhizon occurred seriously all fields surveyed in Jindo island. Root rot of C. officinale was the most serious disease, which occurred above 90% in surveyed fields at Kyungbuk.
This study was conducted to investigate and publish the a pictorial book of major diseases of minor crops that were bok choy (Brassica campestris), blueberry (Vaccinium spp.), Chamnamul(Cryptotaenia japonica) and seasoned pigweed (Amaranthus mangostanus) from 2013 to 2015 in Gyeonggi-do.
Major diseases of bok choy (Brassica campestris) were four species including Sclerotinia rot(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), Downy mildew(Peronospora brassicae), Clubroot (Plasmodiophora brassicae) and Fusarium wilt(Fusarium oxysporum). Major diseases of Chamnamul (Cryptotaenia japonica) were two species, Gray mold(Botrytis cinerea) and Sclerotinia rot(S. Sclerotiorum). Major diseases of seasoned pigweed (Amaranthus mangostanus) were two species, white rust(Wilsoniana bliti) and Fusarium wilt(Fusarium sp.). Tetranychus urticae, Aphis medicagnis and Hymenia recurvalis. Major diseases of blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) were four species including anthracnose(Colletotrichum acutatum, C. gloeosporioides), Gray mold(B. cinerea), Leaf spot(Pestalotiopsis clavispora) and Sooty blotch. We selected 12 species of major diseases and published a pictorial book which were made of classification, ecology, damage and several pictures of those.
It was performed for the build information of the diseases type and damage degree on the sorghum, foxtail millet, proso millet, adzuki bean of miner crop. And the survey was conducted for the fungicide registration and used as basic data. In sorghum, Anthracnose occurred mainly of the growth stage and heading stage. In the grain filling stage, major diseases were grain mold, smut, sheath blight. Grain mold and smut occurred mainly in the harvesting season. In foxtail millet, blast, downy mildew of leaves, stripe, and bacterial brown stripe were major diseases of growth stage and heading stage. In the grain filling stage, major diseases were blast, downy mildew of ear, and smut. Downy mildew of ear, smut, and grain mold occurred mainly in the harvesting season. In proso millet, bacterial brown stripe was major diseases of growth stage and heading stage. In grain filling stage and harvesting season, smut was major disease. In adzuki bean, anthracnose, virus and bacterial diseases were major disease of seedling and growth stage. In blooming season, anthracnose, powdery mildew, virus diseases were major disease. In grain filling stage, anthracnose and powdery mildew were major disease. Powdery mildew occurred mainly of the harvesting season.
This study were carried out to investigate degree of damage and main disease of Mango, Dragon fruit and Artichokes occurred during growing season from 2013 to 2015 in JeJu island. The collected data will be use for chemical registration. Mango occurred mainly gray mold, anthracnose, leaf blight, and twig blight. Anthracnose and twig blight showed greatly damage among the mango disease. It will be likely to need chemical registration. Dragon fruit occurred brown spot and stem rot disease but disease damage was very low. Artichoke showed leaf spot and gray mold on flower bud at harvest time.
Studied of investigated the occurrence and damage of major blight on Angelica gigas, Cirsium setidens, Pleurospermum camtschaticum, Allium victorialis var. platyphyllum, Schisandra chinensis and so on in Gangwon Province in 2013∼2015. Angelica gigas which is almost no occurrence of the disease until June. Leaf spot and stem rot are occurred on Pyenongchang in August. Leaf spot occurred on Cirsium setidens grown at Yeongwol areas during the period of June∼September. Pleurospermum camtschaticum afflicted with root rot, powdery milew progressed into circular or elliptical shape in forming irregular lesion. Allium victorialis var. platyphyllum which is almost no occurrence of the disease until April. Leaf blight and stem and root rot are occurred on Pyenongchang in May∼June. Powdery mildew occurred on Schisandra chinensis grown at Inje areas during the period of June∼September. Since significance of disease forecasting is directly related to economic profit, further forecasting researches should be planned and propelled in relation to fungicide spray scheduling or decision making of control activities. Finally, the miner crops gave damage to leaf blight, stem rot, powdery mildew, such as the growing season, leaf blight etc. were required to register fungicides.
Characteristics of disease occurrence and farmer’s pestcide usage of milk vetch(Astragalus membranaceus), dandelion, Polygonatum sibiricum, licorice(Glycyrrhiza uralensis) and Cynanchum wilfordii which cultivated in Chungbuk province was analyzed to serve as a basis for pesticide registration by a regular field survey and diagnosis from 2013 to 2015. Pesticide Usage examined through a questionnaire targeting 23 farmers for Astragalus and 12 farmers for licorice in Chungbuk Jecheon and the survey conducted in Jecheon for Astragalus membranaceus, Polygonatum sibiricum, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, in Chungju and Cheongju dandelion and in Cheongju and Jecheon Cynanchum wilfordii.
As a results of questionnaire, the average annual pesticide-spraying number of milk vetch farmers was 3.2 times and major control pest was powdery mildew, aphids, root rot, and mites. Additional registration requirements of the pest pesticide was root rot, powdery mildew, aphids, etc. The average annual pesticide-spraying number of liquorice farmers was 2.9 times and major control pest was aphids and brown leaf spot. Additional need for registration of pesticides was also aphids and brown leaf spot.
In field survey, major disease of milk vetch was Fusarium wilt, powdery mildew and downy mildew. Fusarium wilt began to occur in May and its incidence increased to 73.5% in October of 2013, 49.3% in September of 2014 and 26.6% in July of 2015. Incidence of powdery mildew and downy mildew were different among fields according to the pesticide use levels of farmer. The maximum incidence of powdery mildew was 10.0% in the July survey and downy mildew 26.7% in the September survey.
Major disease of licorice was leaf spot and leaf blight which began to occur in May and its incidence increased to over 90% in late stage of growth in 2013. Pseudomonas syringae and Phoma sp. was isolated from the lesions. Currently, pesticides are registered only for control the brown leaf spot by fungi in licorice, it was thought to need additional pesticide registration for bacterial leaf spot. On the basis of pathogenicity test, it was confirmed that bacterial leaf spot of licorice in Korea is caused by Psuedomonas syringae. This is the first report of bacterial leaf spot of licorice in Korea
There was not disease surveyed in Polygonatum sibiricum.
Powdery mildew was most problematic in the dandelion. In open field cultivation, incidence of powdery mildew was 86% in June of 2014. It was thought that the selection envirinment friendly control agents is urgent.
Leaf spot with various symptoms were heavily occurred in Cynanchum wilfordii. Collectotrichum acutatum, Stemphylium lycopersici, Alternaria alternata Alternaria tenuissima, and Phoma sp were isolated from leaf spot symptoms.
This study have investigated the occurrence and damage of major blight on black raspberry, kohlrabi, bitter gourd, chives and so on. Black raspberry which is almost no occurrence of the disease until June. Leaf spot and anthracnose are occurred in June. Anthracnose occurred on black raspberry grown at Gochang areas of Korea during the period of 2003∼2009. Black raspberry afflicted with anthracnose initially illustrated dark brown circular spots on the naturally infected stems and petioles. The spots appearing in irregular lesion due to enlargement or fusion of lesion are either fused or progressed into circular or elliptical shape in forming irregular lesion. The causal fungi of anthracnose, which isolated from the diseased plants, were identified as Colltotrichum gloeosporioides, C. coccodes and C. acutatum based on the morphological and cultural characteristics. All isolated C. gloeosporioides, C. coccodesand C. acutatum were produced similar symptoms under pathogenic examination through artificial inoculation.
In Kohlrabbi, only Fusarium wilt was occurred. In April 2014, Fusarium wilt was found on kohlrabi seedlings in Iksan, Korea. Symptoms included wilting of foliage, drying and withering of older leaves, and stunting of the plants. The infected plants eventually died during growth. Colonies on potato dextrose agar were pinkish white, and felted with cottony and aerial mycelium. Macroconidia were falcate to almost straight, thin walled and usually 3-septate. Microconidia were usually formed abundantly in false-heads on short monophialides on the hyphae and were hyaline, smooth, oval to ellipsoidal, aseptate or medianly 1-septate, very occasionally 2-septate, slightly constricted at the septa, 4-11 × 2.5-5 μm. On the basis of the morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of molecular markers (internal transcribed spacer rDNA and translation elongation factor 1α), the fungus was identified as Fusarium oxysporum. Pathogenicity of a representative isolate was proved by artificial inoculation, fulfilling Koch’s postulates. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the occurrence of Fusarium oxysporum on kohlrabi in Korea.
In the bitter gourd, Anthracnose and fruit rot were occurred, The Anthracnose occurred on bitter gourd grown in Jeongup areas of Korea in 2011. Anthracnose of bitter gourd appeared as dark brown circular spots on naturally infected leaves and fruits. The symptoms of infected leaves and fruits were small brown to dark brown spots and gradually enlarged larger cylindrical dark brown lesions. The causal fungus of anthracnose isolated from the diseased plants was identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides based on the morphological and cultural characteristics and ITS rDNA sequence analysis. All isolates of C. gloeosporioides produced symptoms on the host leaves by artificial inoculation. This is the first report of anthracnose on bitter gourd caused by C. gloeosporioides in Korea. And during summer to autumn of 2013 and 2014 year, black fruit rots were continuously observed on fruit of bitter gourd (cvs. super balsam pear, NS454) with disease incidence of 2-3% in Jeongeup and Iksan-city, Korea. Early symptoms appeared as small, circular water soaked lesions on the green fruits and quickly enlarged into blackish spot in a week. The infected fruits were small, blackish, pin head like structures. The infected fruit tissue contained blackish pycnidia from which masses of conidia were released in a humid environment. The pycnidia were yellow/brown, subglobose to flattened ellipsoidal with a distinct ostiole, and 125 to 185 μm in diameter. Conidia were hyaline, smooth, oval to ellipsoidal, aseptate or medianly 1-septate, a few 2-septate, slightly constricted at the septa, 5 to 11 × 3 to 5 μm, and contained small oil drops. These morphological characteristics were consistent with the generic concept of Phoma. Three monoconidial isolates were successfully cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA). A representative isolate was deposited in the Korean Agricultural Culture Collection (Accession No. KACC47770) and used for pathogenicity test and molecular analysis. The resulting 560 bp sequence was deposited in GenBank (Accession No. KM489071). The sequence showed over 99% identity with sequences of S. cucurbitacearum (e.g., GenBank EU167573, JQ936151, GU045304, AB266846). Black fruit rot associated with S. cucurbitacearum on bitter gourd has been known from Asia(India) and other countries. The presence of S. cucurbitacearum on bitter gourd in Asia can be considered as a potentially new and serious threat to this cucurbitaceous plant. Finally, the chives gave damage to leaf blight, brown rot, downy mildew, such as the growing season, leaf blight were required to register fungicides.
Diseases of minor cultivated crop, Mungbean, Japanese Hogfennel, Baikal skullcap, Asparagus, were investigated for chemical registration from 2013 to 2015 in Jeonnam Province. Main diseases of mung beans were investigated 4 kinds such as anthracnose, brown leaf spot, powdery mildew, gray mold. Anthracnose, brown leaf spot and powdery mildew began from middle-growing period, and gray mold began at September. they, anthracnose, brown leaf spot and powdery mildew, needed chemical registration. Main diseases of Japanese Hogfennel were investigated 2 kinds such as leaf spot, fusarium wilt. Fusarium wilt occurred from early-growing period, and leaf spot occurred from middle-growing period. Brown leaf spot needed chemical registration. Main diseases of Baikal skullcap were investigated 4 kinds such as powdery mildew, rust, leaf spot and fusarium wilt. Leaf spot occurred from early-growing period, and Rust occurred from July to late-growing period. Fusarium wilt occurred continuously from early-growing period, but it was not greatly damaged by fusarium wilt . It was greatly damaged by powdery mildew at some field. Powdery mildew, rust and leaf spot needed chemical registration.
Asparagus were investigated 2 kinds such as black spot, stem rot. Black spot began from July and peaked in the middle of August. Stem rot occurred continuously from early-growing period, but it was not greatly damaged. Black spot needed chemical registration.
This study was performed to investigate the kind and degree of damage of diseases that damage to stone fruits(plums, apricots, japanese apricot and cherry) are grown a lot in Gyeongbuk province to provide basic data for a fungicide entry for these diseases.
The main disease that damage to the plums were investigated about eight kinds of including the bacterial shot-hole and diseases for the damage caused by the most severe of these were a bacterial shot-hole and bacterial black spot. Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni causes black spot symptom on fruit of plum, resulting in yield loss by reduction of marketable fruit production. Bacterial shot-hole was begans to appear on the plum leaves from early May and rate of infected leaf was very high. as 59.3% in late August. Rate of damaged fruit by bacterial black spot was 4.3% in early June. and it was increased to 25.5% in the beginning of August. Brown rot was mainly occured in mature fruits and infected young fruits remains mummified state. In Some orchard adjacent forest, young plum fruit has occurred in the plum pocket and it was considered the registration of the fungicide. Diseases occurred on cherry were bacterial shot-hole and leaf spot or brown rot on leaves or fruits, respectively. Leaf spot has been appeared from the end of May and the rate of infected leaf was increased from July to August. Bacterial disease occurs only slightly on apricot and other disease occurrence was not observed. Diseases occured in the japanese apricot are 13 kinds in korea, including anthracnose and leaf spot in list of plant diseases but these diseases were not observed in '15 years.
This study were carried out to investigate degree of damage and main disease of minor crops that were Gamguk (Chrysanthemum indicum L), Polygonatum (Polygonatum odoratum Ohwi), Bellflower (Platycodon grandiflorum A. DC), Stachys sieboldii (Stachys sieboldii Miq.) from 2013 to 2015 in Gyeongsangnam-do.
Major diseases of Gamguk were investigated 2 kinds such as leaf spot, rust. It were began from August and peaked in the early of September, but it was not greatly damaged. Major diseases of Polygonatum were investigated 2 kinds such as leaf blight, brown leaf spot. Brown leaf spot began from June and peaked in the early of September, and Leaf blight began from May and peaked in the late of September. It were needed chemical registration. Major diseases of Bellflower were investigated 2 kinds such as fusarium wilt. leaf spot. Leaf spot began from June and peaked in the early of September, and fusarium wilt began from June and peaked in the middle of September. It were needed chemical registration. Major diseases of Stachys sieboldii were investigated 2 kinds such as powdery mildew, fusarium wilt. Fusarium wilt began from August and peaked in the middle of Octpber, and powdery mildew began from September and peaked in the middle of September, it occurred until November. Fusarium wilt and powdery mildew were needed chemical registration.