초록 ▼

Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
○제1세부연구과제 : 국내 육성 장미품종 보급확대를 위한 시범재배(최성열, 국립원예특작과학원)
- 국내 육성품종의 농가시범재배를 위하여 5년간 44농가에 농가당 300평 이상씩 시범재배를 통하여 국내육성품종의 농가적응성을 검토하고 시장성 및 수출적응성을 검토하였음
- ‘러블리핑크’ 품종은 수량이 많고 ‘햇살’품종은 화형이 우수하여 농가반응이 좋았음
- ‘지니’, ‘엔틱컬’, 아이스 등은 절화 품질이 우수하였음
○제2세부연구과제 : 국산품종 보급 및 소비확대 연구(유봉식, 국립원예특작과학원

Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
○제1세부연구과제 : 국내 육성 장미품종 보급확대를 위한 시범재배(최성열, 국립원예특작과학원)
- 국내 육성품종의 농가시범재배를 위하여 5년간 44농가에 농가당 300평 이상씩 시범재배를 통하여 국내육성품종의 농가적응성을 검토하고 시장성 및 수출적응성을 검토하였음
- ‘러블리핑크’ 품종은 수량이 많고 ‘햇살’품종은 화형이 우수하여 농가반응이 좋았음
- ‘지니’, ‘엔틱컬’, 아이스 등은 절화 품질이 우수하였음
○제2세부연구과제 : 국산품종 보급 및 소비확대 연구(유봉식, 국립원예특작과학원)
- 국내육성품종 보급확대를 위하여 육성품종 품평회와 현장평가회를 총 8회 개최하여 육성품종을 홍보하고 농가반응 조사를 통하여 육성품종의 문제점과 개선점을 파악하여 품종육성 과제와 연계하였음
- 육성품종의 농가보급과 해외 수출확대를 위하여 육성품종 리후렛을 제작 배포하였으며 각종전시회에 국내육성품종을 전시 홍보하였음
○제1협동연구과제 : 국내 육성 장미 묘목의 중부권 증식 보급(김동목, 카이노스)
- 절화 장미 품종을 국립원예특작과학원, 경남 화훼시험장, 경기도농업기술원에서 육성한 장미품종 40품종에 대해 통상실시권 확보 삽목묘로 장미 묘목을 생산하였으며 5년동안 235만주 농가 보급
○제2협동연구과제 : 국내 육성 장미 묘목의 남부권 증식 보급(김원윤, 도원장미원)
- 절화 장미 품종을 국립원예특작과학원, 경남 화훼시험장, 경기도농업기술원에서 육성한 장미품종 42품종에 대해 통상실시권 확보
- 삽목묘로 장미 묘목을 생산하였으며 5년동안 215만주 농가 보급
○제3협동연구과제 : 국내육성 장미수출확대 및 러시아 시장개발 연구(로즈피아, 정화영)
- 러시아에 한국산 스프레이장미의 사용방법 다양화 요구로 수출확대(‘피스, ’햇살, ‘에이핑크)
- 장미의 수입의존도가 높고 수요 또한 왕성한 러시아시장에 수출확 대 및 브랜드화를 위한 자체 홍보활동 실시
○제4협동연구과제 : 국내육성 장미수출확대 및 아시아 시장개발 연구 (대동농협, 박재훈)
- 한국산 장미는 네덜란드 및 에콰도르산 장미보다 저렴하게 판매되고 있는 실정이며, 한국산 장미 중 대구성 스프레이 장미를 선호함.
- 한국산 절화용 장미는 네덜란드산과 비교하여, 약 82%대의 단가로 판매되었으며, 이는 품질이 우수하고, 특이사항이 없을 경우 측정된 판매가격임.
○제5협동연구과제 : 장미 건전 규격묘 생산체계연구(경상대, 정병룡)
- 모주의 생리상태에 따른 장미 삽목묘의 발근과 생장: 품종에 따라 다소 차이는 있지만, 개화 1단계의 삽수를 사용하는 것이 장미 삽목묘의 발근과 생장을 향상시킬 수 있을 것이라 판단된다.
- 삽목용 줄기의 밀식도(생육시의 광도)에 따른 번식묘(삽목묘)의 생육: 품종에 따라 실험 결과가 차이가 있었으며, ‘프리선’의 경우 중앙에서 삽수를 수확하는 것이 좋다고 판단된다.
- 번식시 보광용 광원에 따른 장미 삽목묘의 생장: 건전 규격묘 생산을 위해 번식시 광원에 따른 장미 ‘샤벳과 ‘러브레터’의 생장을 조사하였다. 보광용 광원은 적색, 청색, 혼합(적색:청색=1:1) LED를 사용하였고 광도는 100 μmolㆍm^-2ㆍs^-1 PPFD를 처리하였다. 두 품종 모두 청색이나 혼합(적색:청색=1:1) LED처리에서 전체적인 생장이 향상되어 보광용 광원으로 적합할 것이라 판단된다.
- 공기 온도에 따른 발근소요시간: 공기 온도에 따른 장미 ‘샤벳’과 ‘러브레터’의 발근과 생육의 차이를 확인하였다. ‘샤벳’은 공기온도가 24℃ 처리에서 발근율이 높았다. ‘러브레터’는 공기온도 30℃ 처리에서 발근율이 매우 낮았다. ‘샤벳’과 유사하게 24℃ 처리에서 전반적인 생육이 좋았다.
- 식물체 온도에 따른 발근소요시간: 적외선등을 이용하여 엽온을 21℃로 처리하고 적외선등 처리기간을 달리하였다. 두 품종 모두 적외선등을 4주나 5주 동안 처리하는 것이 삽목묘의 생장에 효과적이었다.
- 무기양분 공급에 따른 발근시간과 묘소질 향상: 국산장미 ‘샤벳’과 ‘러브레터’를 이용 하여 무기양분을 2일마다 1회 5mL씩 두상관수로 공급하였다. ‘러브레터’와 ‘샤벳’의 발근율은 무기 양분을 2-3주까지 공급했을 때 관행번식법에 비해 향상되었다.

Abstract ▼

○ Mass multiplication and Supply of Korean Roses
This study was conducted to product of standardized grafting and to come into wide use in roses which had breed in korea. Product and supply were performed from 2011 to 2015 for five year.
Nineteen cultivars included 'Jinseonmi ' were breed in G

○ Mass multiplication and Supply of Korean Roses
This study was conducted to product of standardized grafting and to come into wide use in roses which had breed in korea. Product and supply were performed from 2011 to 2015 for five year.
Nineteen cultivars included 'Jinseonmi ' were breed in Gumi Floricultural Experiment Station were secured a commercial authority by 'Daejo Rose'. And six cultivars included 'Anticul' were breed in National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science were also secured. When they was secured plastic and cooling storage house, gave a farmer nineteen cultivars to produce flowers.

Chapter 1. Purpose of research development
The leading competition in cultivating roses one of the 3 cut flowers is between Germany, Netherlands and France, the breed which these countries have developed in compliance with UPOV is becoming a farmhouse of royalty and a leader of administrative expense charge of overseas outflow.
Therefore there is a necessity to increase the rose breeding research to decrease administrative expenses through supply of 450,000 stems of roses in 3 years to domestic farmers.

Chapter 2. Present condition of technology development in Korea and overseas.
Internationally since 1990 the breeding development has been done in Europe.
In Korea it started in 2000 with "Pink Lady" and 150 varieties have been developed by 2010. The domestic development is still in initial phase and developing fast and exports will also continue to rise.

Chapter 3. Research development accomplishment contents and results.
For growing and distribution of glasshouse rose varieties on 24,000㎡ 13 varieties were provided to farmers, resulting in 6 varieties in 2008 with 676,000stems, in 2009 with 114,000stems, in 20102,123,000stems.
Exports of domestic varieties has increased from 216,000stems to 1,819,000stems since 2008 by 2010.

Chapter 4. Achievement and contribution of research development goals.
393,000stems which makes 87% of first targeted 450,000stems have been supplied in 3years.
Advertisement was performed 5times through media, television and newspapers, actively is being promoted internationally 4 times participated in international fairs and 7 times advertising exhibitions were organized.

Chapter 5. Research development results application plan.
Using results of 3 years research development of domestic varieties th progress in dissemination system is planned. For decreasing of raising period and distribution a 9,900㎡glasshouse being constructed. 20% rate in exports of domestic varieties will be increased to 50%.

Chapter6. Demonstration growing, export and publicity of domestic development of rose cultivars
This study was conducted for the expansion of cultivated area, alleviation loyalty, and Increase export competitiveness through demonstration farms growing of domestic development of rose cultivars, and demonstration growing of domestic development cultivars, demonstration export and publicity results were as follows.
'Hanmaum' is faster of production period, excellent yield but this is many visible.
'Innocence' is excellent volume and production of flowers but flower buds are played aster.
'Top pink' is excellent color and yields of flowers bus flower buds are soft.
'Jinseonmi' is excellent color and less visible but this is small volume and many lateral branch. 'Pink bell' is very many production amount but this is many visible and low market prices. 'Free Sun' is high market prices and resistance to disease and pest injury but this is weak a high temperature. 'Double Pink' is short vase life and low market prices. 'Cheriti' is excellent shape of a flower and yields but vase life is short.
Expanding market share of domestic development of rose cultivar and promotion of private professional breeding companies due to the distribution of superior seedling by reducing the cost of nursery, competitiveness of the domestic breeds, and were helping to increase farmers' income.

Rose (Rosa hybrida Hort.) is the most important commercial cut-flower plant in the world. Rose is mains cultivated in hydroponic system and propagated by cutting on rock-wool slabs in Korea. To supply the rose seedling which are sound and non-disease, this research is performed from 2006 to 2010. Especially crown gall of rose was observed in rose cultivated greenhouse recently. The disease incidence was up to 38.1% and the disease was more severe in hydroponic cultured rose(Rosa hybrida) and rooting nursery. We researched to control and diagnosis about rose crown gall and as a result PCR detection technic were developed from water or rockwool in hydroponic system. And rose disease and insect were investigate on rose-cultivar breeding organization and rose-nursury greenhouses. During the summers, root rot of rose plants were found in cutting bed and as well rock wool of hydroponic culture farms and nursery greenhouse. Pathogen isolated from root rot was identified to Pythium helicoides. According to screening for resistance test, 9 resistant varieties including "Red-giant" were selected. In conclusion, manual to control the disease and insects in rose nursery were published and distributed.

Chapter 7. Healthy seedling Stock Plant for Product of Roses
(1) Rooting and Growth Affected by Physiological Condition of the Stock Plant for Cutting Propagation of Roses
This study was carried out to investigate rooting of rose cuttings and subsequent growth as affected by flower bud removal from the flowering stem at different flowering stages and flowering stem age (i.e., flowering stage of the flower bud) of the stock plant. After harvesting, each individual stem was cut into single node cuttings, each with a five-leaflet leaf and an axillary bud. Effect of flower bud removal from the flowering stem at different flowering stages on cutting propagation can be summarized as follows: In ‘Sherbet’, there were little differences in overall growth, suggesting no effect of the flower bud removal on rooting and subsequent growth. In ‘Love Letter’, as the flowering stage increased, shoot growth increased, while root growth decreased. Effect of flowering stem age (i.e., flowering stage of flower bud) on cutting propagation can be summarized as follows: In ‘Sherbet’, fresh and dry weight of the cutting increased with age of the flowering stem, while number of roots, fresh, and dry weight of the cutting and the root decreased. In ‘Love Letter’, root growth at the 3rd flowering stage were low, and chlorophyll content, fresh, and dry weight of the cutting increased, while shoot growth decreased, with age of the flowering stem. These results suggest that growth of rooted cuttings was significantly affected by physiological condition of the stock plant.

(2) Location in Canopy of the Stock Plant Affects Rooting and Subsequent Growth in Cutting Propagation of Roses
This study was conducted to investigate rooting and subsequent growth as affected by location in the canopy of the stock plant for cutting propagation of cut roses (Rosa hybrida Hort.) ‘Pink Mimi’ and ‘Free Sun’. Cuttings were prepared as single node cuttings, each with a five-leaflet leaf and were stuck in rockwool cubes. Effect of location in the canopy of the flowering stem on cutting propagation revealed that rooting value was equal or higher than 78.4% in both cultivars regardless of location in the canopy of the flowering stem. In ‘Pink Mimi’, there were little differences in growth as affected by location in the canopy of the flowering stem. In ‘Free Sun’, length of the shoot and the longest root, and fresh and dry weights of the shoot increased, while chlorophyll content, and fresh and dry weights of the stem decreased, in the cuttings harvested from the central area of the canopy in comparison with those from the marginal area of the canopy. These results suggest that shoot growth of rooted cuttings was significantly affected by location in the canopy of the stock plant, and additional research is needed to reveal the effect of location in the canopy of the stock plant in more cultivars.

(3) Effect of Supplemental Light Sources during Cutting Propagation on Rooting and Subsequent Growth of Two Rose Cultivars
The effect of supplemental light source on rooting and subsequent growth of cuttings of two standard-type roses, ‘Sherbet’ (easy to root) and ‘Love Letter’ (hard to root), were examined. Cuttings of both cultivars were prepared as single node cuttings, each with a five-leaflet leaf, and were stuck in rockwool cubes (5 cm × 5 cm × 5 cm). The supplement lighting with an intensity of ca. 100 μmolㆍm^-2ㆍs^-1 PPFD was provided by using light emitting diodes (LEDs) of either red (R), blue (B), or a 1:1 combination of R and B (R1B1). The control treatment was not provided with any supplemental LED light. All treatments were laid out in a fogged polyethylene tent with 70% of the sun light shaded. After 36 days of rooting period, the supplemental lighting clearly promoted growth, showing a 33% higher relative growth rate (RGR) in both cultivars than the control, although the effect of light quality on RGR was not significant. Dry matter partitioning to the shoot in both cultivars was not significantly different in all treatments. However, dry matter partitioning to the shoot was about 24% in ‘Sherbet’ and 8% in ‘Love Letter’. The dry matter partitioning to the root was 1.1 and 2.0% higher in the B and B1:R1 than the R or the control, respectively. Number of roots was greater with increasing light intensity, especially of the B1:R1 in ‘Sherbet’ and R in ‘Love Letter’. These phenomena in roses have not been reported yet, especially during the vegetative propagation stage. Supplemental lighting to the natural light with either B or B1:R1 LEDs gave overall positive effects on rooting of rose cuttings.

(4) Effect of Raised Leaf Temperature on Rooting and their Subsequent Growth of Rose Cuttings
This study was carried out to determine the effect of leaf temperature on rooting and their subsequent growth of two standard-type roses Love Letter’ (hard to root) and ‘Sherbet’ (easy to root). Single node cuttings, each with a five leaflet and an axillary bud, were directly stuck to a depth of about 2 cm into prewet rockwool cube (5 cm × 5 cm × 5 cm, Grodan, Denmark) laid out on fogged propagation benches. Throughout the experiment the photoperiod was set at 14 h and relative humidity was maintained approximately at 95%.
The experiment had heating treatments at different weeks for different number of weeks from the top of the cuttings in an attempt to raise leaf temperature. During night time, the heating system was operated to achieve leaf temperature at 21℃ in the 14 heated treatments for one to five consecutive weeks, while the control treatment had 15℃ throughout the period. In both cultivars, rooting percentage checked after five weeks was unaffected by either leaf temperature or by number of weeks of heating, since all treatments had 100% rooting. However, heating treatment for five or four weeks most significantly increased the growth of cuttings as compared to the other treatments, followed by three or two weeks heating. No significant difference on growth was observed when cuttings were subjected to heating for only one week at any week. Though the longer periods of heating promoted growth of cuttings more, it will be most cost effective for both ‘Love Letter’ and ‘Sherbet’, if the heating is provided for two weeks in the second and third weeks.

(5) Promoted Rooting in Rose Cuttings during Cold Period by Raised Leaf Temperature
This study as carried out to determine if raised leaf temperature had a positive effect on rooting and subsequent growth of two rose cultivars, a hard-to-root ‘Love Letter’ and an easy-to-root ‘Sherbet’. Single node cuttings, each with a five leaflet and an axillary bud, were directly stuck to a depth of about 2 cm into prewet rockwool cube (5 cm × 5 cm × 5 cm, Grodan, Denmark) laid out on fogged propagation benches. Throughout the experiments the photoperiod was set at 14 h and relative humidity was maintained approximately at 95%. The experiment had infrared heating treatments at different weeks for different number of weeks form the top of the cuttings in an attempt to raise leaf temperature. During the night time, the heating system was operated to achieve leaf temperature at 21°C in the 14 heated treatments for one to four or five consecutive weeks, while the control treatment had 15°C throughout the period. In both cultivars, rooting percentage checked after four or five weeks was unaffected by either leaf temperature or by number of weeks of heating, since all treatments had 100% rooting. However, heating treatment for five or four weeks most significantly increased the growth of cuttings as compared to the other treatments, followed by three or two weeks heating. No significant difference on growth was observed when cuttings were subjected to heating for only one week at any week. Though the longer periods of heating promoted growth of cuttings more, it will be most cost effective for both ‘Love Letter’ and ‘Sherbet’, when the heating were provided for two weeks in the second and third weeks. The experiment was repeated twice, first time for four weeks form 9 March to 5 April 2013 and the second time for five weeks form 23 January to 3 March 2014.

(6) Supply of Nutrient Solution Affects Rooting and Growth of Rose Cuttings
This study was carried out to see if there is any beneficial effect of nutrient solution supply to the rooting medium on cutting propagation of two standard-type roses ‘Love Letter’ (hard to root) and ‘Sherbet’ (easy to root). Single node cuttings, each with a five leaflet and an axillary bud, were directly stuck to a depth of about 2 cm into prewet rockwool cubes laid out on fogged propagation benches. Throughout the experiment the air relative humidity was maintained approximately at 95%. The cuttings were drenched at every other days with a 5 mL of 1/2x nutrient solution at different weeks for 0 (the control) to 4 consecutive weeks. In both cultivars, rooting percentage was the greatest in the nutrient solution treatments for 2 weeks from the 2^nd to the 3^rd week. Root dry weight of ‘Love Letter’ was greater in the 3 weeks treatment (from 1^st to 3^rd week) as compared to the control. In ‘Sherbet’, root dry weight was the greatest in the 1 week treatment at 4th week. The continuous supply of the nutrient solution for 4 weeks negatively affected the rooting in both cultivars. The overall results suggest that the nutrient solution supplied for 2 weeks from 2^nd to 3^rd week during cutting propagation was favorable, especially in the hard to root cultivar. However, since rooting was affected by cultivar and supply of the nutrient solution, additional research is needed in more cultivars.