초록 ▼

Ⅱ. 연구개발의 목적 및 필요성
에너지효율성이 높고 정시성과 안전성이 보장되는 철도교통은 미래사회의 대중 교통으로서 최적의 대안으로 평가 받고 있다. 하지만 이러한 철도교통 시스템의 장점을 지속적으로 유지 향상시키기 위해서는 체계적인 안전관리와 안전대책 기술의 혁신이 지속적으로 요구된다. 이를 목적으로 하는 철도종합안전기술개발의 일환으로 추진되고 있는 ‘철도화재 안전성능 평가 및 사고방지 기술개발 과제’는 철도분야 중대사고의 하나로 주목받고 있는 철도 화재안전 분야의 기술개발을 과업을 담당하고 있다. 이 과제는 2005.11월

Ⅱ. 연구개발의 목적 및 필요성
에너지효율성이 높고 정시성과 안전성이 보장되는 철도교통은 미래사회의 대중 교통으로서 최적의 대안으로 평가 받고 있다. 하지만 이러한 철도교통 시스템의 장점을 지속적으로 유지 향상시키기 위해서는 체계적인 안전관리와 안전대책 기술의 혁신이 지속적으로 요구된다. 이를 목적으로 하는 철도종합안전기술개발의 일환으로 추진되고 있는 ‘철도화재 안전성능 평가 및 사고방지 기술개발 과제’는 철도분야 중대사고의 하나로 주목받고 있는 철도 화재안전 분야의 기술개발을 과업을 담당하고 있다. 이 과제는 2005.11월부터 5년 8개월간 138억원 규모의 연구비가 투자되어 8개 세부과제, 12개 국내 산학연 연구기관, 3개 외국대학, 6개 참여기업이 출연하고 있으며 연평균 80여명의 연구진이 참여하고 있다. 이 과제의 최종목표는 ‘철도화재 안전도 예측기법 개발 및 시험평가 시스템 구축과 안전성 향상 핵심기술 개발’이다. 철도에서 다시는 대구참사와 같은 대형 화재사고가 발생하지 않도록 이를 사전에 예방하여 설계할 수 있는 예방 기술을 개발하고 실제 안전한 자재와 구조가 설치 되도록 시험 검사할 수 있는 평가 설비를 구축하며 지능형 화재감지나 배연설비 등 일부 핵심기술을 개발하겠다는 것이다.
2003년 대구지하철 사고 이후 우리 정부는 내장재 재료안전기준을 개정하고, 철도안전법을 정비하였으며 3년여 동안 6천억 이상의 규모에 이르는 내장재 교체사업과 수천억의 예산을 투입한 시설개량 사업도 진행하였다. 본 과제는 이러한 철도 안전투자가 효율적으로 활용될 수 있도록 우선투자 순위를 정할 수 있도록 하는 정량적 위험도 평가 체계를 정립하는 것을 포함하고 있다. 또한 철도안전법의 지속적인 수행체계를 마련하기 위한 기술적 제도적 지원과 안전성능 평가 설비의 구축을 추진하고 있다. 더불어 본 과제의 추진을 통하여 철도시스템의 종합적인 화재안전도를 객관적으로 평가할 수 있는 평가 체계도 마련하고자 한다.

Ⅲ. 연구개발의 목표 및 내용
1. 연구의 최종목표
철도화재 안전도 평가기법 및 시험평가 시스템을 구축하여 철도차량 및 역사/터널의 설계단계에서 화재안전도를 정량적으로 평가하여 정부의 안전관리 지침에 적합하도록 철도차량 및 시설물을 목표 설계할 수 있도록 기술적 수단을 제공하며, 철도화재 안전시설 및 설비를 표준화 하고 화재제어장치 성능평가 방법과 핵심 기술을 개발 지원하여 효율적인 안전관리가 실현되도록 한다.
▪ 철도화재안전도 평가
⇒ 차량 및 시설의 설계시 안전도를 평가할 수 있도록 기법 및 절차서를 마련하여 안전도 목표설계가 가능하도록 지원
▪ 시험평가 설비구축
⇒ 철도안전법 및 안전도 평가에 필요한 시험설비를 구축하고 국제공인 인정을 추진
▪ 안전설비 표준화
⇒ 차량 및 시설분야 주요 안전설비를 표준화
▪ 제어설비 및 성능평가 방법 개발
⇒ 화재제어설비 성능평가 기법을 마련하고 첨단화하여 신뢰성 있는 통합화재제어가 가능하도록 개발
2. 연구의 내용 및 범위

Ⅴ. 연구개발결과의 활용계획
ㅇ 철도시스템 화재안전성 관리를 위한 기술지침서 작성에 활용
ㅇ 철도 차량 실대형 화재시험평가 기술 및 평가 설비 국내 독자적 기술 확보
ㅇ 철도 시설물 이외의 일반 건축물의 화재위험도 평가에도 활용
ㅇ 실대형 차량의 화재 시험 기술 이전 및 시험의 사업화
ㅇ 실대형 차량의 화재 안전 기준 마련에 따른 국산 시험 설비의 수출
ㅇ 모형철도차량 화재 시험평가 설비의 경우 ISO 규격화 추진
ㅇ 국내 철도 차량 실대 실험 DB를 시설물 방재설계 자료로 활용
ㅇ 실대형 철도 차량 화재안전설계 및 제도 개선방향 제시(제도 반영 추진 활용)
ㅇ 비상 발전실, 전화국, 반도체 생산 청정실, 전산실용 자동식 소화설비 활용
ㅇ 터널설계시 안전도평가 및 설계지침으로 활용
ㅇ 시험평가 설비의 경우 자동차 및 대형버스 화재안전성 평가 활용
ㅇ 역사 및 터널, 전동차 통합방재시스템 구축 관리
ㅇ 철도차량 피난시간 정량화와 피난 모델링 수행 및 검토, 철도 화재의 유독성 평가 등에 의한 인명 피해 감소

Abstract ▼

Ⅱ. Purpose and Necessity of Research and Development
The railway transportation system characterized by high energy efficiency and assurance of on-time arrival and safety has been considered as the optimal means of mass transit for future society. However, those advantages of railway transportati

Ⅱ. Purpose and Necessity of Research and Development
The railway transportation system characterized by high energy efficiency and assurance of on-time arrival and safety has been considered as the optimal means of mass transit for future society. However, those advantages of railway transportation system cannot be continuously maintained and expanded without systematic safety management and innovation of safety technologies.
The 'railway fire safety performance evaluation and development of accident prevention technology' is to develop technology capable of reducing railway fire accidents, a major source of concern in transportation safety.
This project was funded by an infusion of KRW 15.2 billion research capital spread over 5 years and 8 months, starting from November 2005, and encompasses 8 detailed tasks carried out by 12 domestic academic-industrial research institutes, 3 overseas universities, and 6 companies, with the average annual participation of about 80 researchers.
The ultimate goal of this project is developing railway fire safety prediction technique, test evaluation system, and core technology for safety improvement. This project is focused on developing technology to prevent the recurrence of large-scale railway fires like the Daegu subway fire, installing test and evaluation facilities to ensure the safety of materials and structures, and developing some core technologies such as intelligent smoke detection or extraction facilities.
Since the Daegu subway fire in 2003, the Korean government has revised the safety standards for interior materials and enacted the Railway Safety Law and implemented a three-year project to replace interior materials at a cost of over KRW 600 billion, and injected hundreds of billions Korean won into the project to improve the facilities. This project is also linked with the prioritization of investments to ensure that the investments in the railway safety can be utilized efficiently.
In addition, institutional support of technology and installation of safety performance evaluation facilities have been pushed ahead to lay the groundwork for the continuous enforcement of Railroad Safety Law. Moreover, this project also intends to put an evaluation system into place that can objectively evaluate the railway system’s overall level of fire safety.


Ⅲ. Purpose and Contents of Research and Development
1. Final Purpose of Research
We develop the fire safety evaluation technique for railway systems and the test facilities for railway fire safety and quantify and evaluate the fire safety in the design phase of train and station/tunnel. We also design the train and facility in compliance with the government-defined safety management guide, standardize the railway fire safety facilities, support the development of integrated fire control systems and performance evaluation methodology and core technology, and realize efficient safety management.
▪ Development of fire safety evaluation technology for railway systems
⇒ Provisioning the techniques and processes to evaluate the safety of the design phase of cars and facilities and supporting safety designs.
▪ Development of test facilities for railway fire safety
⇒ Creating a comprehensive Railway Safety Law, developing test facilities to evaluate railway fire safety, and promoting the international recognition of railway fire safety.
▪ Standardization of railway fire safety facilities
⇒ Standardizing the main safety facilities in the area of cars and facilities.
▪ Development of integrated fire control systems and performance evaluation methodology
⇒ Developing the integrated fire control systems and performance evaluation methodology for reliable integrated fire control systems.
2. Contents and Scope of the research
A. Development of fire safety estimation technology for railway systems
ㅇ Development of fire safety estimation technology for rail cars
▪ Development of evaluation and quantitative techniques for train rescue/material/evacuation safety
▪ Development of evaluation techniques for interior material smoke/toxicity
▪ Implementation of fire simulation processes for the rail cars
▪ Development of rail car fire test procedure
ㅇ Development of analysis and simulation prediction techniques for railway fire scenarios
▪ Assessment of railway vehicles for fire safety analysis of fire scenarios establish
▪ Combustion Characteristics of vehicle interiors and build a data storage system
▪ Rail car fire simulation input parameters, development of standard guidelines selected
▪ Rail car fire scenarios establish the safety evaluation
▪ Development of instructions to perform a vehicle fire simulation
ㅇ Development of fire safety tests and evaluation protocols for large-long tunnels/underground stations
▪ Fire analysis the cause of the tunnel for domestic and international and probabilistic analysis, and establishing evaluation techniques
▪ Development of on-site railway tunnel fire test and evaluation techniques
▪ Analysis of long railway tunnel for fire safety
▪ Railway tunnel fire test and evaluation plan
▪ Long railway tunnel fire tests on-site assessment and evaluation techniques and the development of complementary verification
ㅇ Development of the fire scenario analysis and simulation prediction techniques for extra-large tunnels/evacuation
▪ Development of fire simulation prediction techniques for running trains
▪ Development of 1D and 3D simulation prediction techniques for multi-structured tunnels(II)
B. Development of evaluation system for test installations of railway fire safety
ㅇ Development of installation for full-scale of train fire safety performance
▪ Model based on vehicle design fire facilities
▪ Analysis for smoke and toxicity assessment factor
▪ Design of evaluation system for real scale fire test
ㅇ Development of facilities for fire safety performance evaluation of full-scale tunnel
▪ Analysis of test factor for installations of evacuation test and fire control
▪ Verification and builds for evaluation system of tunnel fire on site
▪ fire safety performance evaluation procedures by reduced railcar
C. Standardization of safety facilities for railway fire
ㅇ Standardization of fire safety facilities for (extra) large tunnel and station (evacuation routes/rescue facilities)
▪ Development of standard model for the rescue station of (extra) large railway tunnel(II)
▪ Fire simulation of overall system
▪ Development of the standard model for shops in railway stations and platforms
D. Development of evaluation methods for fire control system performance of station/tunnel
ㅇ Development of performance evaluation methodologies and integrated control systems for fire sensors/fire extinguishers of railways and stations
▪ Development of total flooding water fire extinguishing system for railways
▪ Improvement of the performance of local and comprehensive water-based application fire extinguishing systems for stations
▪ Development of fire detection performance evaluation technique for railways
▪ Development of automatic fire extinguishing facilities for stations
▪ Development of station fire scenario and evaluation of comprehensive fire extinguishing systems
▪ Development of performance evaluation for Intelligent ventilation system and integrated control system
▪ Development of intelligent smoke extraction systems for tunnels according to the type of fire
ㅇ Screen door
▪ Screen door installation according to the simulation
▪ Development of Smoke ventilation system by Screen Door


Ⅴ. Application Plan for Research and Development Results
ㅇ Application to the fire risk evaluation of general buildings as well as railway facilities
ㅇ Application in the development of a technical guide for fire safety management of railway systems
ㅇ Application in securing exclusive domestic technology for full-scale train fire testing and evaluation and construction of an evaluation facility
ㅇ Technology transition and test commercialization of fire test methodologies for full-scale trains
ㅇ Export of domestic test facilities after developing the fire safety standard for full-scale trains
ㅇ ISO standardization of mock-up railway fire test and evaluation facilities
ㅇ Application of domestic train railway full-scale test DB as fire-prevention design sources in the construction of facilities
ㅇ Development of full-scale train fire safety design and system improvement direction (Promoting their institutionalization)
ㅇ Application of automatic fire extinguishers to emergency power stations, telephone offices, clean room of semi-conductor factories, and computer operating rooms
ㅇ Application to safety evaluation and guides in tunnel designs
ㅇ Application to the fire safety evaluation of cars and large-sized buses in regards to testing and evaluation facilities
ㅇ Application to the building and management of integrated fire prevention systems in stations, tunnels, and railway cars
ㅇ Application to improving railway rescue time, performing and reviewing rescue modeling, and fire toxicity evaluation of railway fires to reduce the loss of lives in fire emergencies