초록 ▼

개발결과 요약

최종(연차)목표
○ 1차조사결과 선정된 광상 및 지역에 대한 생성환경 및 유용광물 형성기작 규명
○ 1차조사결과 선정된 광상 및 지역에 대한 지질광상조사 및 지화학탐사를 통한 탐사 인자 도출
○ 1차조사결과 선정된 광상 및 지역에 대한 광체도 작성(1:2,000scale)

개발내용 및 결과
1. 준정밀지질광상조사를 통한 광상 또는 지역 선정
2. 광상탐사를 위한 탐사 원소들 도출 및 적용
- 태백산 광화대내 납-아연 광체의 섬아연석 Zn 동위원소 지구화학 탐사

개발결과 요약

최종(연차)목표
○ 1차조사결과 선정된 광상 및 지역에 대한 생성환경 및 유용광물 형성기작 규명
○ 1차조사결과 선정된 광상 및 지역에 대한 지질광상조사 및 지화학탐사를 통한 탐사 인자 도출
○ 1차조사결과 선정된 광상 및 지역에 대한 광체도 작성(1:2,000scale)

개발내용 및 결과
1. 준정밀지질광상조사를 통한 광상 또는 지역 선정
2. 광상탐사를 위한 탐사 원소들 도출 및 적용
- 태백산 광화대내 납-아연 광체의 섬아연석 Zn 동위원소 지구화학 탐사 인자 도출
- 상동광상 및 상동-중동일대에 분포하는 회중석의 미량원소 분석(LA-ICP-MS)을 통한 회중석 탐사 인자 도출
- 유체포유물 및 멜트포유물에 대한 microthermometry 및 LA-ICP-MS 연구를 통한 원동일대의 생산성 화성암체 규명 및 광화작용 프로세스 규명 인자 도출
- EPMA 및 LA-ICP-MS를 통한 광물(섬아연석, Fe-Ti-O 광물들)내미량원소의 종류 및 함량 차이를 이용한 탐사 원소 도출
- 스카른 광물을 이용한 탐사 인자 도출
- 지질광상조사 시 열수각력화대 산출, 그에 수반된 망간산화물,REE광물 및 비소, 비스무스 원소 활용
- 태백산 광화대내 고품위 석회암의 광물학, 지구화학적 연구를 통한 성인 연구 및 탐사 기법 도출
- 이목리-녹전리일대 Pb-Zn-Cu±W±Mo±Fe 광화작용에 대한 광상 성인 및 생성모델링 정립
- 녹전리-상동일대 W-Mo-Cu-Pb-Zn 광화작용에 대한 광상 성인 및 생성모델링 정립
3. 광상일대 지질도, 광체분포도 및 갱내도 작성
준정밀지질광상조사를 통한 1) 가사리-원가사리일대, 2) 이목리일대, 3) 유전리-녹전리일대, 4) 녹전리-상동일대 지질도,항내도 및 광체분포도를 작성
4. 이목리-문곡소도동일대 1/10,000 지화학도 작성
영월군 이목리-태백시 문곡소도동일대의 1차 또는 2차수계에서 채취한 퇴적물들에 대해서 지화학도 작성
5. 태백산 광화대내 광업지적명 예미, 옥동, 호명, 서벽, 장성, 죽변 및 현동에 해당되는 지적들에 대한 광상들 광업권 현황조사 및 금년도 조사지역내 광업권에 대한 현황 재 조사
6. 태백산 광화대내 총 239여 광상들에 대한 기 자료 수집, 정리 및 금년도 조사내용에 대한 자료 업로드를 통한 잠재 가능성 재 등급도 작성

기대효과
○ 가행 또는 휴광중인 광상들에 대한 효율적이고 경제적인 자원개발유도 기여
○ 태백산 광화대내 광상들의 생성모델링, 유용광물의 분별 및 침전 기작과 같은 지질광상학적 연구는 중국 및 일본의 유사 광상들과 비교 연구함으로써 지구조 환경 발달사에 기여할 수 있음
○ 광상일대의 정밀지질도, 광체분포도 및 모암변질도와 같은 지질광상조사 자료는 향후 광상 탐사 및 개발에 필요한 원천적인 기초 지질·광상정보들로써 이들 자료를 체계적으로 확보하고 이를 통한 경제적 가치 창출에 기여할 수 있음

적용분야
○ 태백산 광화대내 광상들의 유체진화, 유용광물 형성기작, 광상생성모델 등 학문적 기여와 더불어 광물자원조사 기법 정립을 통한 향후 유사 광화대(황강리 광화대, 고성 광화대)에 활용뿐만 아니라 향후 통일 대한민국에서의 북한 지하자원 조사에 대비할 수 있음
○ 광상일대에 대한 정밀지질도, 광체분포도, 모암변질도 및 항내도와 같은 지질자료는 지질·광상 분야에서 필수적인 국가기본정보로 활용될 뿐만 아니라, 특히 국가 기간시설(고속도로 및 철도) 건설, 지질 재해(지반 침하 및 광해 요소 등) 예측 및 방지 등에서 핵심적 정보로 활용
○ 지질광상조사 자료, 광상들의 생성모델링, 유용광물의 분별 및 침전 기작과 같은 지질광상학적 연구 자료들에 대해 유관 기관(광물자원공사 등) 및 자원관련 민간기업간의 공유를 통하여 광상탐사 및 재개발 추진 유도

Abstract ▼

Ⅳ. Result of the research
1. Selecting the target area through detailed geological survey
Using reference(KIGAM, 2010, 2011), resource information and researchers recommendation, we have chosen to Yemi area, Sangdong and Jungdong deposits area, Wondong deposit area, Yeonhwa-Uljin deposits area

Ⅳ. Result of the research
1. Selecting the target area through detailed geological survey
Using reference(KIGAM, 2010, 2011), resource information and researchers recommendation, we have chosen to Yemi area, Sangdong and Jungdong deposits area, Wondong deposit area, Yeonhwa-Uljin deposits area and Dongnam deposit area, and carried out field trip and geochemical survey in 2015. Based on the results of regional geological survey in 2015, Mineralized areas for 2016 detailed field geological survey are as followed : 1) Gasari-Wongasari area, 2) Imogri-Nokjeonri area, 3) Nokjeonri-Sangdong area, and 4) Punggokri and Sagokri areas. Areas exceeded cut-off grade(0.2 g/t Au, 2.2% Cu, 2.1% Pb, 3.0% Zn, 0.5% WO₃, 0.4% MoS₂) and mining permit standard(>2 g/t Au, >80 g/t Ag, >1.0% Cu, >1.5% Pb, >1.5% Zn, >0.2% WO₃,>0.3% MoS₂) for areas or deposits selected on the basis of the 2016 detailed geological deposit survey are as followed : 1) Gasari-Wongasari area, 2) Imogri-Nokjeonri area and 3) Nokjeonri-Sangdong area

2. Geochemical anomaly mapping of Taebaegsan south metallogenic belt
Based on the reference 1:50,000 geochemical anomaly map(Homyung nd yongni, etc) and 2015 regional geochemical survey, we checked (1) Wondong deposit area with Pb, Zn, Ag, As and W anomaly, (2) Sungyoung/Sangdong deposit area with Pb, W, Sn, Bi, Cu and Mo anomaly and (3) Geodo deposit area with Pb, Zn and W anomaly through sampling stream sediment at Sangdong-Sungyoung-Geodo-Wondong areas and 2015 regional geological deposit survey. So, we carried out detailed geochemical survey and then made geochemical anomaly maps(1/10,000) through sampling stream sediment at primary or secondary stream system in the Imogri and Mugogsododong areas.

3. Genesis and modelling of ore deposits from Taebaegsan south metallogenic belt
Deposit genesis of the Imogri-Nokjeonri area is related with distance of related igneous rock. This means to form skarn orebody(high temperature-pressure condition) near the related igneous rock and to form hydrothermal vein orebody(lower temperature-pressure condition) farther the related igneous rock. Therefore, Pb-Zn-Cu±W±Mo±Fe mineralization from the Imogri-Nokjeonri area was formed at skarn orebody and hydrothermal vein orebody near Imog granite and Dumugol formation. During skarn stage, minerals were formed at oxidation(andradite-diopside) and reduction(grossularhedengersite) condition and then W mineralization and pyrrhotite were deposited at reduction condition. However, hydrothermal stage(Pb-Zn mineralization) was formed at lower temperature-pressure than that of skarn stage.

Deposit genesis of the Nokjeonri-Sangdong area is described as follows : 1) early relatively dry vapor-like and low-density hydrothermal fluid was formed garnet-pyroxene skarn in carbonate rock layers within Myobong formation. 2) scheelite and pyrrhotite-bearing quartz vein and amphibolite alteration were formed from high-density hydrothermal fluid, 3) more evoluted, acid and high Mo and W-bearing hydrothermal fluid formed W and Mo quartz vein with mica(biotite and muscovite), and 4) lately more W-rich hydrothermal fluid formed molybdenite quartz vein in Jangsan quartzite formation. Therefore, early W and Mo-bearing hydrothermal fluid was mainly deposited in the Sangdong deposit area and Pb-Zn-Cu±Mo±W mineralization was from lately evoluted hydrothermal fluid in carbonate rock layers within Myobong formation or fault zone.

4. Research on indicators for ore genesis and exploration
1) Deriving Zn isotope geochemical exploration indicators for securing new lead-zinc ore body in Taebaegsan metallogenic belt
In order to improve the geological and geochemical techniques for lead-zinc deposit exploration, we took galena and sphalerite samples from 15 metal and nonmetal ore bodies in Taebaegsan metallogenic belt, and performed mineralogical/petrological researches, major/trace elements studies, and stable isotope studies. We classified ore bodies into 1) skarn, 2) carbonate replacement, and 3) hydrothermal vein or breccia by observation of ore samples, and studied hydrothermal alteration aspects. Results of zinc stable isotope analysis for sphalerite show that δ⁶⁶Zn ratio of lead-zinc ore bodies in Taebaegsan metallogenic belt ranges from -0.34 to +0.21‰. δ⁶⁶Zn ratios of each ore body type are -0.06‰, -0.03‰, and +0.01‰ for carbonate replacement, skarn, and hydrothermal vein or breccia, respectively. It is confirmed that fractionation in replacement and hydrothermal vein or breccia types, which have relatively low formation temperatures, is active while fractionation in skarn, which has relatively high formation temperatures, is inactive. We will establish the regional scale lead-zinc ore forming processes in Taebaegsan metallogenic belt from the up-to-date study results and the future results of geothermal-trace elements-stable isotope analyses and interpretations for lead-zinc ore samples from Sungwoo mine. After then, we will suggest the geochemical model. Particularly, we will unveil the kinetic fractionation processes in sphalerite precipitation from zinc isotope, and suggest new geochemical method for exploring new lead-zinc ore bodies.

2) Trace elements analysis of scheelites from Sangdong deposit and Sangdong-Jungdong area
We noted two behaviors of trace elements. They are 1) magma fractionation along with plagioclase fractionation and its relationship with scheelite precipitation, and 2) correlation between Mo contents in scheelite and redox state of host rock. First observation is correlation between Eu anomaly and incompatible elements(e.g., Nb) in scheelite from Sangdong deposit. This indicates that formation of plagioclase in the batholith with fractionationoccurred, and has the relationship with tungsten precipitation. Eu anomaly and Nb fractionation occurred not much in quartz vein formation stage, which is relatively early and has amphibole alteration, in the Sandong deposit formation stages. However, negative Eu anomaly and Nb fractionation occurred in scheelite bearing quartz vein formation stage, which is relatively later and has mica alteration. This implies two possibilities: 1) enrichment of tungsten in magma and magma-fluid, and 2) large-scale precipitation due to cooling of fluid from magma. We found that Eu anomaly and Nb fractionation in scheelite will be as indicator of tungsten formation.

3) The study of fluid inclusion and melt inclusion from Wondong quartz porphyry
We performed LA-ICP-MS analyses for a outcrop sample(WDR01~06) and a drilling core sample(WDR08~10), quantified trace elements(Fe, W, Mo, Zn, Pb), and analyzed the patterns. Fe, Zn, and Pb contents are high in fluid inclusion formed by boiling process, and show similar trends in a outcrop sample and a drilling core sample, indicating that the trend is not affected by the depth.Also, we performed quantitative analysis on fluid inclusion in quartz vein that cuts Wondong quartz porphyry using LA-ICP-MS. Mo and W contents in brine that was occurred by phase separation are 2-100 ppm and 10-100 ppm, respectively. We note that REE contents are relatively high and, in particular, Ce contents are around 100 ppm in some inclusions. Changes of Cs contents with each assemblage are not much, indicating that fluids of specific fractionation were added to quartz porphyry.

4) Deriving exploration elements using trace elements in minerals
Recently, development of analysis tools leads to use trace elements in minerals for studying ore genesis environment and mineral exploration. We performed trace elements in Fe-Ti-O minerals and sulfide minerals by EPMA and LA-ICP-MS. For example, we found a drilliing core sample that has rutile. In this core(JQM-9), molybdenite containing quartz vein hosted in Jangsan quartzite is also observed and chloritization and sericitization in vanadium containing mica are observed. Rutile in this core is occurred as euhedral or with molybdenite, K-feldspar, pyrite, and monazite. Particularly, it is observed that rutile is classified into two types; 1) pure rutile in that trace elements contents are very low, and 2) enriched rutile in that contents of trace elements, particularly W, V, Nb, Cr, and Fe, are high. Based on these results, we performed LA-ICP-MS analyses for rutile. The results show that Mg, P, Sc, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ga, Zr, Mo, In, Hf, Ta, and U were identified in addition to the elements identified by EPMA. Contents of Al, Sc, V, Mn, Fe, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, and U in enriched rutile are six, 22, 23, five, seven, 17, 19, 94, 19, 30, and 16 times higher than those in pure rutile, respectively. In contrast, contents of Sn and In in pure rutile are 8 and 8 times higher that those in enriched rutile, respectively.

5) Deriving exploration indicator using skarn minerals
With the summary of quantitative analysis results of skarn minerals occurred in geological survey area in 2016 and the previous reported data, contents variation in garnet and pyroxene are as follows. Garnet and pyroxene are representative minerals in skarn. Meinert(2005) suggested the content range of each mineral. Fe³⁺ and Fe²⁺ are enriched in andradite among garnet group and hedenbergite among pyroxene group, respectively. Combination of andradite and diopside and that of hedenbergite and grossular can be used for indicating minerals of oxidation and reduction environment, respectively. In Taebaegsan metallogenic belt, grossular and hedenbergite(medium composition with dioside in part) combination is predominant, indicating correlation with Pb-Zn mineralization forming processes. However, Sangdong, Geodo and Dongnam deposits occur predominantly as andradite or partly as andradite and diopside combination, indicating oxidation environment and correlation with W, Fe-Cu-Au, and Fe-Mo mineralization processes, respectively.

6) Alteration and calcite geochemistry of the high-Ca marble deposit
Sangdong high-Ca marble deposit was formed at Pungchon formation. Drill core consists of limestone of upper Pungchon formation, but changes lithology from top to bottom such as prophylitic zone, high-Ca dolomite and calcite zone with clay mineral. Content of some elements(Mn, Fe, Pb) for calcite from prophylitic zone has higher than those of calcite from high-Ca dolomite. Their elements show decreasing trend at contact between prophylitic zone and high-Ca dolomite. It indicates that calcite recrystallization of high-Ca dolomite was formed by hydrothermal replacement of prophylitic zone.

5. Checking total 597 mining registrations for Yemi, Okdong, Homyung,Seobyeok, Jangsung, Jukbyeon and Hyundong areas in Taebaegsan metallogenic belt
We checked mining registrations for mineralized areas(Gasari-Wongasari area, Imogri area, Yujeonri-Nokjeonri area, Yemi area, Sangdong deposit area,)Uljin deposit area, and Punggokri and Sagokri areas) from 2015 field geological survey and from 2016 field geological survey((Gasari-Wongasari area, Imogri-Nokjeonri area, Nokjeonri-Sangdong area, Punggokri and Sagokri areas).Most of newly mineralized areas from 2016 field geological survey cover mining license.

6. Potential re-rating for total 239 ore deposits in Taebaegsan metallogenic belt
After checking references for ore deposits in Taebaegsan metallogenic belt,we uploaded some data(production data, mineralogy, wallrock alteration, scale of orebody, grade, reserves etc) for many ore deposits in this belt. They were checked potential re-rating using re-rating reference, geochemcial anomaly maps(1/50,000), detailed survey report(KORES), 2015 and 2016 field geological survey data, silica or limestone depoist, associated igneous rocks, ore grade, minor element of ore, mineralogy, deposit type, mining registration of foreign resource companies, pyrrhotite of lead-zinc orebody, iron orebody and recent drilling data.

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1제 출 문 ... 3최종(연차)보고서 요약서 ... 5요 약 문 ... 9SUMMARY ... 18Contents ... 27목차 ... 29표목차 ... 31그림목차 ... 33제 1 장 연구개발과제의 개요 ... 39제 2 장 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 41제 3 장 연구개발수행 내용 및 결과 ... 42 제1절 가사리-원가사리일대 지질광상 조사결과 ... 44 제2절 이목리일대 지질광상 조사결과 ... 74 제3절 유전리-녹전리일대 지질광상 조사결과 ... 99 제4절 녹전리-상동일대 지질광상 조사결과 ... 115 제5절 풍곡리-사곡리일대 지질광상 조사결과 ... 149 제6절 이목리-녹전리일대 광상 성인 및 모델링 ... 167 제7절 녹전리-상동일대 광상 성인 및 모델링 ... 175 제8절 광상 성인 및 탐사를 위한 인자 연구 ... 177 제9절 지화학 탐사 ... 210 제10절 광업권/탐사권 현황 ... 223제 4 장 부록(시추주상도) ... 228제 5 장 참고문헌 ... 275끝페이지 ... 289