새만금 해양환경보전대책을 위한 조사연구(2단계 2차년도, 2007) 해양수질환경 모니터링 Integrated Preservation Study on the Marine Environments in the Saemangeum Area (2nd Year of 2nd Phase, 2007)원문보기
보고서 정보
주관연구기관
한국해양연구원 Korea Ocean Research & development Institute
1. 물리 /유동 - 끝막이 공사 완료 후 여름철 저조시에 방조제 내측의 수직 성층이 크게 강화 - 방조제 내·외측 유속 감소 - 만경·동진 유출수는 내측에만 분포 2. 수질 - 끝막이 공사완료 후 방조제 내측의 부유물질 농도 감소 - 여름철의 방조제 내측의 일부지역에서 저층수의 용존산소는 20% 이하 - 방조제 내측 표층수에서 COD는 월평균 4mg/L 이상이며, 10월 평균은 7mg/L를 초과 - 저충퇴적물중의 유기물 축적은 저층수의 용존산소 결핍 초래 3. 부유생태 모니터링
1. 물리 /유동 - 끝막이 공사 완료 후 여름철 저조시에 방조제 내측의 수직 성층이 크게 강화 - 방조제 내·외측 유속 감소 - 만경·동진 유출수는 내측에만 분포 2. 수질 - 끝막이 공사완료 후 방조제 내측의 부유물질 농도 감소 - 여름철의 방조제 내측의 일부지역에서 저층수의 용존산소는 20% 이하 - 방조제 내측 표층수에서 COD는 월평균 4mg/L 이상이며, 10월 평균은 7mg/L를 초과 - 저충퇴적물중의 유기물 축적은 저층수의 용존산소 결핍 초래 3. 부유생태 모니터링 - 엽록소 a 농도 와 일차생산력은 방조제 내·외측에서 증가 추세 - 급격한 환경 변화에 쉽게 적응하는 종에 의한 적조발생 (방조제 내측에서 적조성 와편모조류인 Prorocentrum mmzmum이 5월과 10월에 대량 발생) - 동물플랑크톤 종 다양성지수 감소 및 내·외측의 개체수 차이 심화 - 방조제 내측에서 야광충 대량 발생 - 방조제 내·외측의 클로로필 농도와 COD 상관성 증가. 방조제 내측의 자생기원 유기물 증가 (출처 : 보고서 초록 5P)
Abstract▼
Ⅳ. Results 1. Hydrography and Water movements o Horizontal distribution - At the inside of the dike, the surface salinity range was 25.6~13.9psu in summer 2004 (before dike closure). The range become wider in 2007 (after closure), its range is 2.8~27.5psu - In 2007 summer season, it show
Ⅳ. Results 1. Hydrography and Water movements o Horizontal distribution - At the inside of the dike, the surface salinity range was 25.6~13.9psu in summer 2004 (before dike closure). The range become wider in 2007 (after closure), its range is 2.8~27.5psu - In 2007 summer season, it shows that the average temperature of surface and bottom layer is 2~3 ℃ lower than the average temperature of 2004 o Vertical stratification - After complete closure of the sea dike, the maximum difference of water salinity between the surface and the bottom layer becomes 26psu at the inside of the dike in 2007 summer season, which is similar to 2006 - Potential energy anomaly, an index of stratification intensity, was 1.8~49.8 J/m3 at low water in spring tide on 2004 summer season. But it increases to 0.2~95 .4J/m3, showing strengthened vertical stratification on the summer season in 2007 o Tidal variation of water characteristics and movements - After complete closure of the sea dike, the daily averaged current speed is remarkably decreased in the inside channels of the dike and both outside of the Shinsi and the Garyuk gate - The vertical stratification of water temperature, salinity and water density was markedly intensified in the channels inside of the dike(Observation point 7, 304) after complete closure of the sea dike
2. Water quality o General water quality and nutrients - The DO saturation percentages were higher than 120% at the surface in the inner part of Saemangeum dike in summer. In some areas, DO saturation percentages of bottom water were under 20% - Monthly average of COD was higher than 4mg/L in the inner part of Saemangeum dike. In particular, the average concentration in October over were 7mg/L - COD concentration showed positive relationship with chlorophyll-a in the inner Saemankeum dike. Land-derived COD in surface water was about 3mg/L. - The concentrations of SPM were lower after the completion of the Saemangeum dike, and also total phophorus and nitrogen showed low concentration. - SPM, POC and DOC were increased in surface water in the inner part of Saemangeum dike. - The deposit of organic carbon piled on lower layer increases consumption of dissolved oxygen during oxygenation, and then brings a deficiency of dissolved oxygen on the lower layer of water mass. o Heavy metals - In the surface waters of inner part of Saemangeum dike, the range and average concentrations of dissolved heavy metals except for Cd become wider in 2006 and 2007(after the completion of the dike). Due to the mixing land base pollutants and seawater, dissolved metals showed good relationship with salinity, DIN and DOC. - The contents of particulate Mn, Cu and Zn in 2007 were higher than those in 2005(before the completion of the dike) or 2006. - Metal contents and ratio(Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Hg) of Metal/Al in the marine sediments were high in the Mangyeong and Geum river estuaries, near the northern area of inner part of Saemangeum and the Sinsi watergate. - Metals iIn the surface sediments showed relativel y high correlations with TOC and mean grain size. The correlation coefficients of Mn, As, Pb and Hg with TOC were higher than mean grain size.
3. Planktonic ecology o Change of planktons after the completion of Saemangeum dike - Transition of dominant species of phytoplankton abundant and dominant growth of very adaptive species to sudden and extreme environmental changes such as Prorocentrum mimimum, a red-tide species - Change of chlorophyll a concentrations Chlorophyll a concentration increased after the completion of the Saemangeum dike, at both inside and outside of the dike - Species diversity in zooplankton community decreased, and difference in diversity between inside and outside the sea dike was intensified o Changes in opportunistic species - Noctiluca scintillans occurred on a massive scale inside the sea dike after the completion of the Saemangeum dike - Abundance of juvenile scyphomedusa has decreased compared to 2004, however increased when compared to 2005 and 2006. o Relationship between water envirorunent and planktons - Increased correlation between chlorophyll a concentrations and COD Authigenic organic matter in 2007 inside of the dike increased about twice when compared to 2006 (출처 : SUMMARY 12P)
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