초록 ▼

• 리그닌의 β-O-4 결합 모델 물질로 실제 리그닌과 유사한 구조를 가지는 veratrylglycerol-β-guaiacyl ether(VGE)를 새로운 β-O-4 결합 모델 물질로 선정하였음.
• Alkali salt를 대체할 수 있는 고체염기촉매(Na-ZrO₂)를 제조 변수의 최적화를 통해 개발하였음.
• 리그닌 저분자화의 연속식 반응을 위해 중요 변수들을 고려한 CSTR 반응기를 설계 및 제작하였음.
• Empty fruit bunch(EFB)에서 추출한 실제 리그닌을 확보하였으며, 실제 리그닌을 직접 활용함

• 리그닌의 β-O-4 결합 모델 물질로 실제 리그닌과 유사한 구조를 가지는 veratrylglycerol-β-guaiacyl ether(VGE)를 새로운 β-O-4 결합 모델 물질로 선정하였음.
• Alkali salt를 대체할 수 있는 고체염기촉매(Na-ZrO₂)를 제조 변수의 최적화를 통해 개발하였음.
• 리그닌 저분자화의 연속식 반응을 위해 중요 변수들을 고려한 CSTR 반응기를 설계 및 제작하였음.
• Empty fruit bunch(EFB)에서 추출한 실제 리그닌을 확보하였으며, 실제 리그닌을 직접 활용함에 있어 발생될 수 있는 문제점을 해결하기 위해, 기술적 한계요인 탐색 및 해결방안을 모색하였음.
• 귀금속과 텅스텐의 복합화를 도모하여 구아이아콜의 수첨탈수소 반응의 최적 촉매로 2Pd32WA 촉매를 개발하였으며, 목표 생성물인 사이클로헥산의 수율을 88% 달성하였음
• 귀금속 촉매와 비슷한 성능을 가진 최적의 비귀금속 및 비황처리 촉매로 산성을 가진 담체와 담지 금속을 탐색하여 25Co/ZrP 촉매를 개발하였고, 본 촉매를 이용하여 88%의 사이 클로헥산 수율을 달성하였음.
• 개발된 25Co/ZrP를 사용하여 경제성 평가와 실제 리그닌 공정에 적용 가능성을 확인하였음. 근임계 상에서 생성된 생성물을 바탕으로 한 반응실험, 수소절감반응평가 및 촉매 재사용 실험을 통하여 경제성 및 연속식 반응 공정의 가능성을 제시하였음.
(출처:요약서 3p)

Abstract ▼

IV. Results
■ It was difficult to achieve repetitive synthesis of organosolve lignin by Alcell process. Thus, commercial lignin and low sulfonate-content lignin were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich as the raw materials. The structure, functional group, and the elemental composition of lignin were a

IV. Results
■ It was difficult to achieve repetitive synthesis of organosolve lignin by Alcell process. Thus, commercial lignin and low sulfonate-content lignin were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich as the raw materials. The structure, functional group, and the elemental composition of lignin were analyzed by using Solid-state ¹³C-NMR, FT-IR, and elemental Analyzer (EA) respectively.
■ It was confirmed that the sulfur and oxygen contents of the sulfonate lignin were higher than those of alkali lignin from EA results. From the structure and functional group analysis using ¹³C-NMR and FT-IR, it was suggested that guaiacol is the proper model compound for HDO reaction.
■ As a result of designing a reactor suitable for the decomposition of NCW phase lignin, we confirmed above 90% water soluble product yield, which shows the efficient decomposition of lignin.
■ β-O-4 is the most common structure among various chemical bonds in lignin. Thus, phenethyl phenyl ether (PPE) which has β-O-4 bond was selected as the model compound for lignin decomposition using NCW.
■ VGE, whose structure is more similar to the actual lignin than PPE, was selected as the another model compounds for β-O-4 decomposition. As a result, the yield for guaiacol from VGE was as high as 89.2%.
■ ZrO₂ was selected as the basic solid base catalyst in near-critical water reaction and the catalytic promoters were added to enhance the decomposition reactivity. As a result, Na-ZrO₂ achieved enhancing yields of each product compared to the reaction using NaOH for the decomposition of PPE: 28.0% increase of phenol; 25.1% increase of styrene.
■ The solid base catalyst (Na-ZrO₂) which was manufactured by optimization process was applied to the decomposion of veratrylglycerol-β-guaiacyl ether (VGE) and the maximum yields of guaiacol (ca. 142%) was obtained as a result .
■ The high-pressure continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) was designed for continuous depolymerization of lignin by considering main parameters.
■ The actual lignin was extracted from empty fruit bunch (EFB) by using sulfuric acid and a variety of characterization were conducted to identify the basic properties of actual lignin.
■ Research of technical limitation factors and seeking solutions to solve the problems which can occur with appling actual lignin has been performed.
■ WOx/γ-Al₂O₃ (WA) was applied for HDO reaction of guaiacol. WA with 35 wt% of WO_x achieved the highest product yield, and Ni promoted WA achieved cyclohexane yield of 30%.
■ The noble metals such as Pd, Pt and Ru were combined with tungsten alumina (WO_x/Al₂O₃), which were developed in the first step study. The 2Pd32WA was the optimized catalyst, on which the yield of cyclohexane was 88%. (target: 50%)
■ In order to study the synergy effects between palladium and tungsten oxide (WOx) on the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO), the catalysts were characterized using many analysis methods. As a result, the strong interaction between palladium and tungsten change the chemical state of palladium surface exposed and improve the reactivity of HDO (increase the yield of cyclohexane; 62% [2PdAl] → 88% [2Pd32WA]).
■ The various reaction tests using 2Pd32WA catalyst were performed. The 10th of repeatability tests were conducted, which showed decrease in less than 5% of cyclohexane yield. Also, the effects of chain length of alkane solvents were studied. The longer alkane chain was, the less hydrogen was mass-transferred and the less cyclohexane was produced. Finally, using 2Pd32WA, other HDO model compounds having methoxy or hydroxyl group were reacted. The HDO reactivity and distribution of products depended on the number and position of functional groups (methoxy, hydroxyl and methyl).
■ NiP/SiO₂ and Co/ZrP were applied in HDO reaction to eliminate the noble metal addition and the sulfurization process. Major target products such as cyclohexane, phenol, benzene were produced after the HDO reaction of guaiacol using 13Ni₂P/SiO₂ catalyst. Cyclohexane yield was especially high when using 25 wt% Co/ZrP catalyst, which was the same yield as 2Pd32WA catalyst.
■ 25Co/ZrP was applied to HDO reaction of catechol, phenol, veratrol which were produced from the decomposition of VGE by NCW, and the cyclohexane yield over 80% was achieved in all cases. Reaction pressure was changed from 70 bar to 30 bar, and cyclohexane yield was the highest at 40 bar, as 93%. Concentration of cyclohexane decreased as the pressure decreased due to the evaporation, which resulted in the increase of the conversion of guaiacol to cyclohexane in liguid phase. Co/ZrP catalyst was not deactivated at all during repetitive reaction experiments.
■ Below chart is summary of research outcome. Patent goal was excessively achieved beyond initially plan. Paper outcome was not sufficient because patent registration should be preceded before submitting papers. Now, there are two more papers under revising and more SCI journal papers will be published consistently. Also, the registered patent as the title of “The method for the production of aromatic compounds using alkali salt for hydrolysis of β-O-4 linkage of lignin in near-critical water” was transferred to Q-BioTech corporation, which shows the excellence of this research results.
(출처:SUMMARY 9~11p)

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1제출문 ... 2보고서 요약서 ... 3요약문 ... 4Summary ... 8Contents ... 12목차 ... 14제 1장 연구 배경 및 목표 ... 16 제 1절 연구개발의 목적 ... 16 제 2절 연구의 중요성 및 필요성 ... 16 1. 연구개발대상 기술의 경제적·산업적 중요성 및 연구개발의 필요성 ... 16제 2장 국내외 관련 동향 ... 23 제 1절 연구 개발 기술의 국내·외 현황 ... 23 1. 세계적 수준 ... 23 2. 국내수준 ... 23 3. 국내·외 연구현황 ... 23 제 2절 지금까지의 연구개발 실적 ... 25 1. 리그닌을 이용한 화학제품 생산과 관련된 특허 분석 ... 25 2. 초/근임계 상에서의 리그닌 전환 특허 분석 ... 28 3. HDO 촉매 기술 특허 분석 ... 29 제 3절 현기술상태의 취약성 ... 31 제 4절 앞으로의 전망 ... 32제 3장 연구개발수행 내용 및 결과 ... 33 제 1절 연구개발의 추진전략·방법 ... 33 1. 근임계수(NCW, Near-Critical Water) 상에서의 lignin 저분자화 ... 33 2. Lignin 분해 모델물질의 수첨탈산소 촉매 개발(HDO 촉매 개발) ... 36 3. 연구개발의 추진체계 ... 39 제 2절 연구범위 및 연구수행 방법 ... 40 1. 1단계 연구 내용 ... 40 2. 2단계 연구 내용 ... 42 3. 3단계 연구 내용 ... 46 제 3절 연구수행 내용 및 결과 ... 48 1. 연구 수행 내용 요약 ... 48 2. 상세한 연구 수행 내용 및 결과 ... 54 제 4절 연구개발성과 ... 175 1. 논문게재 성과 ... 175 2. 특허(출원/등록) 및 수상 성과 ... 176 2. 기술이전 성과 ... 179제 4장 목표달성도 및 관련분야에의 기여도 ... 180 제 1절 목표 달성도 ... 180 1. 목표 달성도 (논문 및 특허) ... 180 2. 1단계 연구개발 목표 달성도 ... 180 3. 2단계 연구개발 목표 달성도 ... 181 4. 3단계 연구개발 목표 달성도 ... 181 제 2절 관련분야에의 기여도 ... 182제 5장 연구개발성과의 활용계획 ... 183제 6장 연구개발과정에서 수집한 해외과학기술정보 ... 185제 7장 연구시설 • 장비 현황 ... 186제 8장 참고문헌 ... 187끝페이지 ... 191