[보고서]마이크로 액적/기포 유동층 연속 반응공정에서 나노구조 기체센서 소재입자의 개발

강용

보고서 정보

주관연구기관

충남대학교
Chungnam National University

연구책임자

강용

보고서유형

최종보고서

발행국가

대한민국

언어

한국어

발행년월

2016-11

과제시작연도

2015

주관부처

미래창조과학부
Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning

등록번호

TRKO201700014444

과제고유번호

1711029524

사업명

신진연구자지원

DB 구축일자

2017-11-25

키워드

마이크로 액적.마이크로 기포.유동층 반응공정.기체센서.결정구조.전자구성구조.산화주석.산화아연.표면가공입체화.micro drop.micro bubble.fluidized bed reaction process.gas sensor.crystal structure.electron configuration structure.tin oxide.zinc oxide.surface modification.

DOI

https://doi.org/10.23000/TRKO201700014444

표 Schematics of experimental apparatus (A) spray pyrolysis reaction process, (B) continuous micro drops/bubbles fluidized bed reaction process
표 Force balance acting on droplets of precursors and particles for fluidization in the reaction chamber
표 Schematic diagram of three steps for preparation of nano-structured metal oxide in the proposed reaction process
표 XRD patterns of SnO2 powders at different (A) temperatures, (B) concentrations of precursor, (C)carrier gas velocities by the spray pyrolysis reaction process
표 XRD patterns of ZnO powders at different (A) temperatures, (B) concentrations of precursor, (C)carrier gas velocities by the spray pyrolysis reaction process.
표 Schematic diagram of improved continuous micro drops/bubbles fluidized bed reaction process.
표 Photo of the improved continuous micro drops/bubbles fluidized bed reaction process
표 Field-emission SEM images of SnO2 powders prepared in the continuous micro drops/bubbles fluidized reactor (Uc = 4.0 L/min, UMB = 0.4 L/min, CSn = 0.2 mol/L, A : 873K, B : 973K, C : 1073K).
표 XRD patterns of powder prepared in the micro drop fluidized reactor (Uc = 4.0 L/min, UMB = 0.4 L/min, CSn = 0.2 mol/L).
표 Effects of reaction temperature on the crystallite size of powder prepared in the micro drop fluidized reactor(Uc = 4.0 L/min, UMB = 0.4 L/min, CSn = 0.2 mol/L).
표 Field-emission SEM images of as-prepared SnO2 at varying UMB (UC= 4.0 L/min, T = 800􎞒, CSn = 0.2 mol/L, UMB (L/min) = A : 0, B : 0.4, C : 0.6, D : 0.8, E : 1.0).
표 Field-emission SEM images of powder prepared in the micro drop fluidized reactor (UC= 4.0 L/min, T = 800􎞒, CSn = 0.2 mol/L, UMB(L/min) = A : 0, B : 0.4, C : 0.6, D : 0.8, E : 1.0).
표 XRD patterns of powder prepared in the micro drop fluidized reactor (UC= 4.0 L/min, T = 800􎞒, CSn = 0.2 mol/L).
표 Nitrogen adsorption isotherm of powder prepared in the micro drop fluidized reactor (UC= 4.0 L/min, T = 800􎞒, CSn = 0.2 mol/L).
표 BJH pore diameter and volume of powder prepared in the micro drop fluidized reactor (UC= 4.0 L/min, T = 800􎞒, CSn = 0.4 mol/L, UMB(L/min) = 􎬥 0, 􎬛 0.4, 􎬩 0.6, 􎬑 0.8, 􎫿 1.0 ). The inset (A) shows the BET surface area and (B) shows the crystallite size, with a variation of UMB
표 BET surface area and crystallite size of SnO2 powders
표 XRD patterns of ZnO powder prepared in the continuous micro drops/bubbles fluidized reactor (UC = 6.0 L/min, UMB = 0.2 L/min, CZn = 0.4 mol/L).
표 Nitrogen adsorption isotherm of ZnO powder prepared in the continuous micro drops/bubbles fluidized reactor (UC = 6.0 L/min, UMB = 0.2 L/min, CZn = 0.4 mol/L).
표 Effects of reaction temperature on the pore volume and diameter of ZnO powder prepared in the continuous micro drops/bubbles fluidized reactor (UC = 6.0 L/min, UMB = 0.2 L/min, CZn = 0.4 mol/L).
표 Effects of reaction temperature on the crystallite size of ZnO powder prepared in the micro drop/bubble fluidized reactor(UC = 6.0 L/min, UMB = 0.2 L/min, CZn = 0.4 mol/L).
표 Effects of reaction temperature on the particle size of ZnO powder prepared in the micro drop/bubble fluidized reactor (UC = 6.0 L/min, UMB = 0.2 L/min, CZn = 0.4 mol/L, 􎬚 : 973K, 􎬐 : 1073K, 􎬭 : 1173K, 􎫾 : 1273K).
표 Effects of reaction temperature on the mean particle size of ZnO powder prepared in the micro drop/bubble fluidized reactor.(UC = 6.0 L/min, UMB = 0.2 L/min, CZn = 0.4 mol/L).
표 Field-emission SEM images of ZnO powder prepared in the micro drop/bubble fluidized reactor(UC = 6.0 L/min, UMB = 0.2 L/min, CZn = 0.4 mol/L).
표 Nitrogen adsorption isotherm of ZnO powder prepared in the micro drop/bubble fluidized reactor(UC = 6.0 L/min, CZn = 0.4 mol/L, T=1073K).
표 Effects of micro bubble flow rate on the pore volume and diameter of ZnO powder prepared in the micro drop/bubble fluidized reactor(UC = 6.0 L/min, CZn= 0.4 mol/L, T = 1073K).
표 Effect of micro bubble flow rate on the mean BET surface area of ZnO powder prepared in the micro drops/bubbles fluidized reactor (UC = 6.0 L/min, CZn = 0.4 mol/L, T=1073K).
표 Field - emission SEM images of SnO2 and SnO2:Ga powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (UMB = 0.4 L/min, Ga3+content(at.%) : (a) 0, (b) 1.0, (c) 1.5, (d) 2.0, (e) 2.5, (f) 3.0).
$X-ray diffraction pattern of SnO2 and SnO2:Ga powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (UMB = 0.4 L/min).$ 표 X-ray diffraction pattern of SnO2 and SnO2:Ga powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (UMB = 0.4 L/min).
$Magnification of the diffraction peak around 26.7°.$ 표 Magnification of the diffraction peak around 26.7°.
표 The crystallite size of SnO2:Ga with various contents of Ga3+.
표 Diffuse reflectance spectra of SnO2 and SnO2:Ga powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (UMB = 0.4 L/min, Ga3+content(at.%) : (a)0, (b)1.0, (c)1.5, (d)2.0, (e) 3.0).
표 Band gap energy of SnO2 and SnO2:Ga powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (Ga3+content(at.%) : (a)0, (b)1.0, (c)1.5, (d)2.0, (e)3.0
표 Room temperature photoluminescence spectra of SnO2 and SnO2:Ga powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (UMB = 0.4 L/min, Ga3+content (at.%) : (a) 0, (b) 1.0, (c) 1.5, (d) 2.0, (e) 3.0).
표 Nitrogen adsorption isotherms of SnO2 and SnO2:Ga powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (UMB = 0.4 L/min).
표 The BET surface area of SnO2:Ga with various contents of Ga3+.
표 BJH pore diameter and dV/d log D of SnO2 and SnO2:Ga powders prepared in a micro drop fluidized reactor
표 Crystallite size and band gap energy, BET surface area of SnO2:Ga powders
표 Field - emission SEM images of SnO2:Al powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (CAl/CSn = 2.0at.%, UMB(L/min) : (a) 0, (b) 0.4, ⒞ 0.6, (d) 0.8, (e) 1.0).
표 Field - emission SEM images of SnO2:Al powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (UMB (L/min) : (a) 0, (b) 0.4, ⒞ 0.6, (d) 0.8, (e) 1.0) (150,000 X).
$X-ray diffraction pattern of SnO2:Al powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (CAl/CSn = 2.0at.%).$ 표 X-ray diffraction pattern of SnO2:Al powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (CAl/CSn = 2.0at.%).
$Magnification of the diffraction peak around 26.7°.$ 표 Magnification of the diffraction peak around 26.7°.
표 The crystallite size of SnO2:Al with varying UMB.
표 Diffuse reflectance spectra of SnO2:Al powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (CAl/CSn = 2.0at.%).
표 Band gap energy of SnO2:Al powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor.
표 The UV - visible absorption spectra of methylene blue solution in SnO2:Al varying UMB for 30 min (CAl/CSn = 2.0at.%).
표 The particle activity rate by color degradation of MB solution using SnO2:Al varying UMB
표 Field - emission SEM images of SnO2:Al powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (UMB = 1.0 L/min, CAl(at.%) : (a) 0, (b) 0.5, ⒞ 1.0, (d) 1.5, (e) 2.0).
표 Field - emission SEM images of SnO2:Al powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (CAl(at.%) : (a) 0, (b) 0.5, ⒞ 1.0, (d) 1.5, (e) 2.0) (150,000 X).
$X-ray diffraction pattern of SnO2:Al powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (UMB = 1.0 L/min).$ 표 X-ray diffraction pattern of SnO2:Al powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (UMB = 1.0 L/min).
$Magnification of the diffraction peak around 26.7°.$ 표 Magnification of the diffraction peak around 26.7°.
표 The crystallite size of SnO2:Al with varying CAl.
표 The UV - visible absorption spectra of methylene blue solution in SnO2:Al varying CAl for 30 min (UMB = 1.0 L/min).
표 The particle activity rate by colorization kinetics of MB solution using SnO2:Al varying CAl
표 Crystallite size and band gap energy, particle activity rate of SnO2:Al powders
표 Field - emission SEM images of SnO2:Li powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (CLi/CSn = 2.0at.%, UMB(L/min) : (a) 0, (b) 0.4, ⒞ 0.6, (d) 0.8, (e) 1.0).
표 Field - emission SEM images of SnO2:Li powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (UMB (L/min) : (a) 0, (b) 0.4, ⒞ 0.6, (d) 0.8, (e) 1.0) (150,000 X).
$X-ray diffraction pattern of SnO2:Li powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (CLi/CSn = 2.0at.%).$ 표 X-ray diffraction pattern of SnO2:Li powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (CLi/CSn = 2.0at.%).
$Magnification of the diffraction peak around 26.7°.$ 표 Magnification of the diffraction peak around 26.7°.
표 The crystallite size of SnO2:Li with varying UMB.
표 Diffuse reflectance spectra of SnO2:Li powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (CLi/CSn = 2.0at.%).
표 Band gap energy of SnO2:Li powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor
표 The UV - visible absorption spectra of methylene blue solution in SnO2:Li varying UMB for 30 min (CLi/CSn = 2.0at.%).
표 The particle activity rate by color degradation of MB solution using SnO2:Li varying UMB
표 Field - emission SEM images of SnO2:Li powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (UMB = 1.0 L/min, CLi(at.%) : (a) 0, (b) 0.5, ⒞ 1.0, (d) 1.5, (e) 2.0).
표 Field - emission SEM images of SnO2:Li powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (CLi(at.%) : (a) 0, (b) 0.5, ⒞ 1.0, (d) 1.5, (e) 2.0) (150,000 X).
$X-ray diffraction pattern of SnO2:Li powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (UMB = 1.0 L/min).$ 표 X-ray diffraction pattern of SnO2:Li powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (UMB = 1.0 L/min).
$Magnification of the diffraction peak around 26.7°.$ 표 Magnification of the diffraction peak around 26.7°.
표 The crystallite size of SnO2:Li with varying CLi.
표 Diffuse reflectance spectra of SnO2:Li powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (UMB = 1.0 L/min).
표 Band gap energy of SnO2:Li powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor.
표 The UV - visible absorption spectra of methylene blue solution in SnO2:Li varying CLi for 30 min (UMB = 1.0 L/min).
표 The particle activity rate by color degradation of MB solution using SnO2:Li varying CLi
표 Crystallite size and band gap energy, particle activity rate of SnO2:Li powders
표 Field - emission SEM images of SnO2:Zn powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (CZn/CSn = 2.0at.%, UMB(L/min) : (a) 0, (b) 0.4, ⒞ 0.6, (d) 0.8, (e) 1.0).
표 Field - emission SEM images of SnO2:Zn powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (UMB (L/min) : (a) 0, (b) 0.4, ⒞ 0.6, (d) 0.8, (e) 1.0) (150,000 X).
$X-ray diffraction pattern of SnO2:Zn powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (CZn/CSn = 2.0at.%).$ 표 X-ray diffraction pattern of SnO2:Zn powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (CZn/CSn = 2.0at.%).
$Magnification of the diffraction peak around 26.7°.$ 표 Magnification of the diffraction peak around 26.7°.
표 The crystallite size of SnO2:Zn with varying UMB
표 Diffuse reflectance spectra of SnO2:Zn powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (CZn/CSn = 2.0at.%).
표 Band gap energy of SnO2:Zn powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor
표 The UV - visible absorption spectra of methylene blue solution in SnO2:Zn varying UMB for 30 min (CZn/CSn = 2.0at.%).
표 The particle activity rate by color degradation of MB solution using SnO2:Zn varying UMB.
표 Field - emission SEM images of SnO2:Zn powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (UMB = 1.0 L/min, CZn(at.%) : (a) 0, (b) 0.5, ⒞ 1.0, (d) 1.5, (e) 2.0).
표 Field - emission SEM images of SnO2:Zn powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (CZn(at.%) : (a) 0, (b) 0.5, ⒞ 1.0, (d) 1.5, (e) 2.0) (150,000 X).
$X-ray diffraction pattern of SnO2:Zn powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (UMB = 1.0 L/min).$ 표 X-ray diffraction pattern of SnO2:Zn powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (UMB = 1.0 L/min).
$Magnification of the diffraction peak around 26.7°.$ 표 Magnification of the diffraction peak around 26.7°.
표 The crystallite size of SnO2:Zn with varying CZn.
표 Diffuse reflectance spectra of SnO2:Zn powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (UMB = 1.0 L/min).
표 Band gap energy of SnO2:Zn powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor
표 The UV - visible absorption spectra of methylene blue solution in SnO2:Zn varying CZn for 30 min (UMB = 1.0 L/min).
표 The particle activity rate by color degradation of MB solution using SnO2:Zn varying CZn
표 Crystallite size and band gap energy, particle activity rate of SnO2:Zn powders
$X-ray diffraction pattern of ZnO:Sn prepared in a micro drop fluidized reactor : (a) no doping, (b) Sn(0.2at.%), (C) Sn(0.3at.%), (d) Sn(0.4at.%), (e)Sn(0.5at.%).$ 표 X-ray diffraction pattern of ZnO:Sn prepared in a micro drop fluidized reactor : (a) no doping, (b) Sn(0.2at.%), (C) Sn(0.3at.%), (d) Sn(0.4at.%), (e)Sn(0.5at.%).
$The magnification of the diffraction peak around 2􌩇= 36.28 of ZnO:Sn prepared in a micro drop fluidized reactor : (a) no doping, (b) Sn(0.2at.%), (c) Sn(0.3at.%), (d) Sn(0.4at.%), (e) Sn(0.5at.%).$ 표 The magnification of the diffraction peak around 2􌩇= 36.28 of ZnO:Sn prepared in a micro drop fluidized reactor : (a) no doping, (b) Sn(0.2at.%), (c) Sn(0.3at.%), (d) Sn(0.4at.%), (e) Sn(0.5at.%).
표 Field-emission SEM images of ZnO:Sn prepared in a micro drop fluidized reactor : (a) no doping, (b) Sn(0.1at.%), (c) Sn(0.2at.%), (d) Sn(0.3at.%)
표 Depandence of crystallite size of ZnO:Sn on the amount Sn doped into the lattice of ZnO
표 Depandence of band gap of ZnO:Sn on the amount Sn doped into the lattice of ZnO
표 Diffuse reflectance spectra of ZnO:Sn prepared in a micro drop fluidized reactor : (a) no doping, (b) Sn(0.1at.%), (c) Sn(0.2at.%), (d) Sn(0.3at.%), (e) Sn(0.4at.%)
표 Photoluminescence of ZnO:Sn prepared in a micro drop fluidized reactor : (a) no doping, (b) Sn(0.1at.%), (c) Sn(0.2at.%), (d) Sn(0.3at.%), (e) Sn(0.4at.%)
$X-ray diffraction pattern of ZnO:Al powders prepared in the micro drop fluidized reactor$ 표 X-ray diffraction pattern of ZnO:Al powders prepared in the micro drop fluidized reactor
$Magnification of the X-ray diffraction main peak and crystallite size of ZnO:Al powders prepared in the micro drop fluidized reactor. The inset shows the change of crystallite size with varying UMB.$ 표 Magnification of the X-ray diffraction main peak and crystallite size of ZnO:Al powders prepared in the micro drop fluidized reactor. The inset shows the change of crystallite size with varying UMB.
표 Diffuse reflectance and separation of electrons and holes in the band gap structure of ZnO:Al powders prepared in the micro drop fluidized reactor. The inset shows the change of band gap energy with varying UMB
표 Field-emission SEM images of ZnO:Al powders prepared in the micro drop fluidized reactor : UMB(L/min): (a) 0, (b) 0.4, (c) 0.8, (d) 1.0.
표 Field-emission SEM images of surface of ZnO:Al powders prepared in the micro drop fluidized reactor : UMB (L/min) : (a) 0, (b) 0.4, (c) 0.8, (d) 1.0.
표 Room temperature photoluminescence spectra of ZnO:Al powders prepared in the micro drop fluidized reactor : UMB (L/min) : (a) 0, (b) 0.4, (c) 0.8, (d) 1.0
표 Effects of UMB on the electrical resistivity of ZnO:Al powders prepared in the micro drop fluidized reactor
표 Field - emission SEM images of ZnO:Ga powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (CZn = 0.4 mol/L, UC = 6.0 L/min, doped Ga = 1.0at.%)
표 Field-emission SEM images of surface of ZnO:Ga powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (CZn = 0.4 mol/L, UC = 6.0 L/min, doped Ga = 1.0at.%) (150,000 X).
표 XRD pattern of ZnO:Ga powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (CZn = 0.4 mol/L, T = 800℃, UC = 6.0 L/min, doped Ga = 1.0at.%).
$Magnification of the diffraction peak around 36.3°(CZn = 0.4 mol/L, T = 800℃, UC = 6.0 L/min, UMB = 1.0 L/min).$ 표 Magnification of the diffraction peak around 36.3°(CZn = 0.4 mol/L, T = 800℃, UC = 6.0 L/min, UMB = 1.0 L/min).
표 Diffuse reflectance spectra of ZnO:Ga powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (CZn = 0.4 mol/L, T = 800℃, UC = 6.0 L/min, doped Ga = 1.0at.%).
표 Band gap energy of ZnO:Ga powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (CZn = 0.4 mol/L, T = 800℃, UC = 6.0 L/min, doped Ga = 1.0at.%).
표 Field - emission SEM images of SnO2:Al/Zn powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (CAl/Zn = 1.0at.%, UMB(L/min) : (a) 0, (b) 0.4, ⒞ 0.8, (d) 1.0).
$X-ray diffraction pattern of SnO2:Al/Zn powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (CAl/Zn = 1.0at.%).$ 표 X-ray diffraction pattern of SnO2:Al/Zn powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (CAl/Zn = 1.0at.%).
$Magnification of the diffraction peak around 26.7°.$ 표 Magnification of the diffraction peak around 26.7°.
표 Effects of UMB on the crystallite size of SnO2:Al/Zn powders prepared in the micro drop fluidized reactor
표 DRS(Diffuse reflectance spectra) of SnO2:Al/Zn prepared in the micro drop fluidized reactor (CAl/Zn = 1.0at.%).
표 Band gap energy of SnO2:Al/Zn from DRS(diffuse reflectance spectra).
표 Crystallite size and band gap energy of SnO2:Al/Zn powders
표 Field - emission SEM images of SnO2:Al/Li/Zn powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (CAl/Li/Zn = 0.5at.%, UMB(L/min) : (a) 0, (b) 0.4, ⒞ 0.6, (d) 0.8, (e) 1.0).
표 Field - emission SEM images of SnO2:Al/Li/Zn powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (UMB (L/min) : (a) 0, (b) 0.4, ⒞ 0.6, (d) 0.8, (e) 1.0) (150,000 X).
$X-ray diffraction pattern of SnO2:Al/Li/Zn powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (CAl/Li/Zn = 0.5at.%).$ 표 X-ray diffraction pattern of SnO2:Al/Li/Zn powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (CAl/Li/Zn = 0.5at.%).
$Magnification of the diffraction peak around 26.7°.$ 표 Magnification of the diffraction peak around 26.7°.
표 The crystallite size of SnO2:Al/Li/Zn with varying UMB
표 Diffuse reflectance spectra of SnO2:Al/Li/Zn powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (CAl/Li/Zn = 0.5at.%).
표 Band gap energy of SnO2:Al/Li/Zn powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor.
표 The UV - visible absorption spectra of methylene blue solution in SnO2:Al/Li/Zn varying UMB for 30 min (CAl/Li/Zn = 0.5at.%).
표 The particle activity rate by color degradation of MB solution using SnO2:Al/Li/Zn varying UMB.
표 Field - emission SEM images of SnO2, SnO2:Al, SnO2:Li, SnO2:Zn, SnO2:Al/Li/Zn powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (UMB = 1.0 L/min, (a) none, (b) CLi = 0.5at.%, ⒞ CAl = 0.5at.%, (d) CZn = 0.5at.%, (e) CAl/Li/Zn = 0.3at.%, (f) CAl/Li/Zn = 0.5at.%, (g) CAl/Li/Zn = 0.7at.%, (h) CAl/Li/Zn = 1.0at.%).
표 Field - emission SEM images of SnO2, SnO2:Al, SnO2:Li, SnO2:Zn, SnO2:Al/Li/Zn powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor ((a) none, (b) CLi = 0.5at.%, ⒞ CAl = 0.5at.%, (d) CZn = 0.5at.%, (e) CAl/Li/Zn = 0.3at.%, (f) CAl/Li/Zn = 0.5at.%, (g) CAl/Li/Zn = 0.7at.%, (h) CAl/Li/Zn = 1.0at.%)(150,000 X).
$X-ray diffraction pattern of SnO2:Al/Li/Zn powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (UMB = 1.0 L/min, CAl/Li/Zn [at.%] : A = 0, B = 0.3, C = 0.5, D = 0.7, E = 1.0).$ 표 X-ray diffraction pattern of SnO2:Al/Li/Zn powders prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor (UMB = 1.0 L/min, CAl/Li/Zn [at.%] : A = 0, B = 0.3, C = 0.5, D = 0.7, E = 1.0).
$Magnification of the diffraction peak around 26.7°.$ 표 Magnification of the diffraction peak around 26.7°.
표 The crystallite size of SnO2:Al/Li/Zn with varying CAl/Li/Zn
표 The UV - visible absorption spectra of methylene blue solution in SnO2:Al/Li/Zn varying CAl/Li/Zn for 30 min (UMB = 1.0 L/min)
표 The particle activity rate by color degradation of MB solution using SnO2:Al/Li/Zn varying CAl/Li/Zn.
표 Crystallite size and band gap energy, particle activity rate of SnO2:Al/Li/Zn powders
표 XRD patterns of ZnO:Al/Fe powders prepared in the micro drop fluidized reactor : CFe= 3.0 at% CAl= 3.0 at%, UMB (L/min)= 0(A), 0.4(B), 0.6(C), 0.8(D), 1.0(E).
$The magnification of the diffraction peak around 2􌩇=36.35 of ZnO:Al/Fe prepared in a micro drop fluidized reactor : CFe= 3.0 at%, CAl= 3.0 at%, UMB (L/min)= 0(A), 0.4(B), 0.6(C), 0.8(D), 1.0(E).$ 표 The magnification of the diffraction peak around 2􌩇=36.35 of ZnO:Al/Fe prepared in a micro drop fluidized reactor : CFe= 3.0 at%, CAl= 3.0 at%, UMB (L/min)= 0(A), 0.4(B), 0.6(C), 0.8(D), 1.0(E).
표 Effects of UMB on the crystallite size of ZnO:Fe/Al powders prepared in the micro drop fluidized reactor : CFe= 3.0 at%, CAl= 3.0 at%.
표 DRS(Diffuse reflectance spectra) of SnO2:Al/Zn prepared in the micro drop fluidized reactor : CFe= 1.0 at%, CAl= 1.0 at%, UMB (L/min): 0(A), 0.4(B), 0.6(C), 0.8(D), 1.0(E).
표 Bandgap energy of ZnO:Fe/Al from DRS(Diffuse reflectance spectra) : CFe= 3.0 at%, CAl= 3.0 at%, UMB (L/min): 0(A), 0.4(B), 0.6(C), 0.8(D), 1.0(E).
표 Depandence of band gap of ZnO:Al/Fe on the varied of the rates of micro bubble
표 XRD patterns ZnO:Al/Cu powders prepared in the micro drop fluidized reactor : (A) no doping, (B) Cu(0.2at.%), (C) Cu(0.4at.%), (D) Cu(0.6at.%), (E) Cu(0.8at.%), (F) Cu(1.0at.%).
$The magnification of the diffraction peak of ZnO:Al/Cu prepared in a micro drop fluidized reactor : (A) no doping, (B) Cu(0.2at.%), (C) Cu(0.4at.%), (D) Cu(0.6at.%), (E) Cu(0.8at.%),(F) Cu(1.0at.%)$ 표 The magnification of the diffraction peak of ZnO:Al/Cu prepared in a micro drop fluidized reactor : (A) no doping, (B) Cu(0.2at.%), (C) Cu(0.4at.%), (D) Cu(0.6at.%), (E) Cu(0.8at.%),(F) Cu(1.0at.%)
표 Field-emission SEM images of ZnO:Al/Cu prepared in a micro drop fluidized reactor : (A) no doping, (B) Cu(0.2at.%), (C) Cu(0.4at.%), (D) Cu(0.6at.%), (E) Cu(0.8at.%), (F) Cu(1.0at.%).
표 XRD patterns ZnO:Al/Cu powders prepared in the micro drop fluidized reactor :Al,Cu(1.0at.%), UMB(L/min): (A) 0, (B) 0.2, (C) 0.4, (D) 0.6, (E) 0.8, (F) 1.0
$The magnification of the diffraction peak of ZnO:Al/Cu prepared in a micro drop fluidized reactor : Al, Cu(1.0at.%), UMB(L/min):(A)0, (B)0.2, (C)0.4, (D)0.6, (E)0.8, (F)1.0$ 표 The magnification of the diffraction peak of ZnO:Al/Cu prepared in a micro drop fluidized reactor : Al, Cu(1.0at.%), UMB(L/min):(A)0, (B)0.2, (C)0.4, (D)0.6, (E)0.8, (F)1.0
표 Field-emission SEM images of ZnO:Al/Cu prepared in a micro drop fluidized reactor : Al, Cu(1.0at.%), UMB(L/min):(A)0, (B)0.2, (C)0.4, (D)0.6, (E)0.8, (F)1.0.
$X-ray diffraction pattern of MgO:Al powders prepared in the micro drop fluidized reactor : Al: (A)0, (B,C,D)0.5at.%, UMB(L/min):(A)0, (B)0, (C)0.4, (D)0.6.$ 표 X-ray diffraction pattern of MgO:Al powders prepared in the micro drop fluidized reactor : Al: (A)0, (B,C,D)0.5at.%, UMB(L/min):(A)0, (B)0, (C)0.4, (D)0.6.
$The magnification of the diffraction peak of MgO:Al prepared in a micro drop fluidized reactor : Al: (A)0, (B,C,D)0.5at.%, UMB(L/min):(A)0, (B)0, (C)0.4, (D)0.6$ 표 The magnification of the diffraction peak of MgO:Al prepared in a micro drop fluidized reactor : Al: (A)0, (B,C,D)0.5at.%, UMB(L/min):(A)0, (B)0, (C)0.4, (D)0.6
표 Depandence of Crystalite size of MgO:Al on the varied of the rates of micro bubble
표 DRS(Diffuse reflectance spectra) of MgO:Al prepared in the micro drop fluidized reactor : Al: (A)0, (B,C,D)0.5at.%, UMB(L/min):(A)0, (B)0, (C)0.4, (D)0.6.
표 FE-SEM images of MgO:Al prepared in a micro drop fluidized reactor : Al: (A)0, (B,C,D)0.5at.%, UMB(L/min):(A)0, (B)0, (C)0.4, (D)0.6
표 Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm curves of MgO:Al powders prepared in the micro drop fluidized reactor : Al: (A)0, (B,C,D)0.5at.%, UMB(L/min):(A)0, (B)0, (C)0.4, (D)0.6
표 Pore diameter and distribution of MgO:Al powders prepared in the micro drop fluidized reactor : Al: (A)0, (B,C,D)0.5at.%, UMB(L/min):(A)0, (B)0, (C)0.4, (D)0.6
표 BET surface area of MgO:Al on the varied of the rates of micro bubble
표 XRD patterns of LaMnO3 powder prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor : UMB : (A) 0.6 L/min (B) 1.0 L/min, (C) 2.0 L/min
표 XRD patterns of LaMnO3:Sr powde rprepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor : UMB : (A) 0.6 L/min (B) 1.0 L/min, (C) 2.0 L/min.
$Magnification of the diffraction peak aournd 32.6° : Sr : (a)0 at.%, (b)0.1 at.%, (c)0.2 at.%, (d)0.3 at.%.$ 표 Magnification of the diffraction peak aournd 32.6° : Sr : (a)0 at.%, (b)0.1 at.%, (c)0.2 at.%, (d)0.3 at.%.
표 FE-SEM images of LaMnO3:Sr prepared in a micro drop fluidized reactor
표 Crystallite size of LaMnO3:Sr powder prepared by the micro drop fluidized reactor
표 환원된 그래핀 산화물을 이용한 가스센서의 제작 및 저항측정

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마이크로 액적/기포 유동층 연속 반응공정에서 나노구조 기체센서 소재입자의 개발
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