초록 ▼

○ 논의 범용화를 위한 지하수위제어시스템 개발(특허, 기술이전)
- 관수·배수 기능 겸비한 지하수위 조절기 개발
- 토양수분: 지하수위 조절구 25%,V/V→ 대조구(35%) 대비 18% 감소
- 수량 : 콩 378 (대조구 297) 28% 증수, 참깨 109 (88) 24% 증수
○ ICT 기반 밭작물 지중점적 자동관개 제어시스템 개발(특허, 기술이전)
- 매설기: 매설 깊이 ∼40cm, 매설폭 60∼140cm, 작업시간 68분/10a
- 생산성 26% 향상, 농업용수 22% 절감, 관수 노동력 1

○ 논의 범용화를 위한 지하수위제어시스템 개발(특허, 기술이전)
- 관수·배수 기능 겸비한 지하수위 조절기 개발
- 토양수분: 지하수위 조절구 25%,V/V→ 대조구(35%) 대비 18% 감소
- 수량 : 콩 378 (대조구 297) 28% 증수, 참깨 109 (88) 24% 증수
○ ICT 기반 밭작물 지중점적 자동관개 제어시스템 개발(특허, 기술이전)
- 매설기: 매설 깊이 ∼40cm, 매설폭 60∼140cm, 작업시간 68분/10a
- 생산성 26% 향상, 농업용수 22% 절감, 관수 노동력 130만원/ha 절감
○ ICT 기반 노지 밭작물의 지표 자동관개 시스템 기술 개발
- 관개효율 : 분수호스 대비 관개량 23.9% 절감, 관개효율 16.4% 향상
- 증수 효과: 무관개 대비 콩 35.2%, 참깨 41.6%, 수수 26.1% 향상
○ ICT 융복합 밭작물 자동 물관리 제어시스템 개발(특허, 기술이전)
- 농가보급형 자동관개 스마트앱 : 최대 4개 구역(4채널) 동시 제어가능
○ 노지 밭작물 정밀 물관리 기술의 물 수지 예측 및 이용효율 분석
- 밭작물 생육단계별 수분이용효율 분석 및 관개 스케줄링 기술 개발

(출처 : 요약서 3p)

Abstract ▼

Purpose& Contents
□ Research Purpose
○ Development of ground water control system for stable upland crop production in paddy soil field
○ Development of automatic irrigation technology based on ICT for stable production of upland crops
○ Development of precise water management technology

Purpose& Contents
□ Research Purpose
○ Development of ground water control system for stable upland crop production in paddy soil field
○ Development of automatic irrigation technology based on ICT for stable production of upland crops
○ Development of precise water management technology for water use efficiency and irrigation cost reduction
○ Reduction of water for agricultural use by developing automatic irrigation system and improvement of upland crop production
○ Development the water balance models for effective water management of main upland crops

□ Research Contents
< Development of ground water control system for stable upland crop production in paddy soil >
○ Evaluation on soil properties and crop responses by groundwater level control system cultivated in paddy field
- Development of ground water level control system for multipurpose land utilization of paddy field
- Crop: soybean, sesame, sorghum; System Install method: trenchless method + ground water level controller
○ Field evaluation of ground water level control system
- Field evaluation event in 2019, survey for the system
< Development of subsurface drip irrigation system for increasing upland crop productivity >
○ Development of tractor attachable subsurface dripline applicator
- Production of subsurface dripline applicator trial prototype and performance(install time etc) evaluation
○ Evaluation of irrigation properties and field crop production by subsurface drip irrigation system(’16∼‘20)
- Crop: soybean, sorghum, sesame, Treatment: install spacing(70cm, 140cm), install location(under furrow, under ridge)
- Analysis: soil water content, crop development, yield etc
○ On-farm field evaluation(’17∼‘18, Kimje; ’19∼‘20, Gunwi)
- Applied technology: automatic control for subsurface drip system
- Field evaluation event, survey for SDI technology

< Development of automatic surface irrigation technology for increasing upland crop productivity >
○ Evaluation of irrigation characterization and growth response by automatic surface irrigation methods(‘16～‘18)
- Crop(cultivar): soybean(Daechan), sorghum(Sodamchal), sesame(Gunbak)
- Irrigation method: surface drip irrigation(SDI), sprinkle irrigation (SI), perforated hoses irrigation(PI), no irrigation(control)
- Evaluation of crop growth and productivity by irrigation methods
○ Establishment of proper irrigation amounts and irrigation points by automatic surface irrigation methods(‘17∼‘18)
- Irrigation points(moisture tension): -20kPa, -30kPa, -50kPa, -70kPa, -100kPa
- Evaluation of crop growth and productivity by irrigation methods
○ Evaluation of irrigation scheduling and crop growth response(‘19∼‘20)
- Treatment: automatic irrigation schedule based on soil moisture measuring sensor(FDR)
- Evaluation of crop growth and productivity by irrigation methods
○ Evaluation of automatic surface irrigation system demonstration at farming site(‘19∼‘20)
- Applied technology: automatic measurement of soil moisture based on ICT and automatic control system of surface irrigation
- Analysis of automatic irrigation efficiency, soil moisture utilization rate, economic feasibility of automatic surface irrigation

< Development of ICT convergence automatic measurement and control system for water management >
○ ICT convergence field crop water management automatic measurement and control system foundation construction('16～'18)
- Soil moisture and meteorological environment monitoring and automatic measurement system construction
- Moisture content by soil depth: Automatic measurement of soil moisture content by multiple depths
- Ground water level: Monitoring and automatic measurement of water level fluctuations by depth of groundwater level control
- Water for irrigation: Water management method and monitoring of changes in water volume for each stage of growing field crop
○ ICT convergence field crop water management automatic control system development('17∼'18)
- Establishment of automatic control system for each automatic water management method
- Development of a module that can store, calculate, and display automatic measurement data
- Development of automatic control controller for irrigation equipment (water supply pipe, irrigation valve, pump, etc.)
- Portable terminal interlocking monitoring/automatic control system
○ ICT-based field crop water management control system farming field verification test('19∼'20)
- Ground water level automatic control system: Automatic ground water level measurement and automatic control system
- Ground drip irrigation, surface irrigation system: ground drip irrigation, sprinkling irrigation, no irrigation (farming practices)
- Real-time operation status display of irrigation equipment (water pipes, water valves, pumps, etc.)
- Handheld terminal interlocking monitoring/automatic control system
< Development of water balance model for effective water management of main upland crop >
○ Determination of evapotranspiration and water use of crops(‘16~’17)
- Crops: soybean(Daewon,‘16~’17), sorghum(Nampungchal,‘17), sesame(Gunback,’17)
- Method: Measuring evapotranspiration of crops using lysimeter
○ Evaluation of irrigation scheduling based on plant growth stage
- Treatment: Automatic irrigation scheduling at different growth stage
- Irrigation method: Surface drip irrigation(2.1L/hr, 20cm spacing)
○ Validation of water balance model for irrigating upland crops
- Irrigation system: Surface irrigation, Drip(surface, subsurface) irrigation
- Model parameters: P(Precipitation), I(Irrigation), E(Evapotranspiration)
- Evaluation of the simulation data with the measured ones

Results
< Development of ground water control system for stable upland crop production in paddy soil >
○ Development of ground water level control system for paddy field
- Combination function of drain and irrigation, improvement of drain efficiency by surface and subsurface drainage, simultaneously.
- Ground water level control by 10cm interval from 0 to 60cm
- Install method: applicable both trench and trench-less method
- Install cost: 13.6 million won/ha(with trench-less method)
○ Ground water level control significantly influenced on surface soil water content that was decreased as increasing groundwater level
- Nitrogen content in 20cm ground water level control treatment was significantly lower compared to 60cm level due to the denitrification effect
- main root length in 20cm water level was shorter than other treatments
○ Evaluation of soil characteristics and field crop production by ground water level control system(GLC)
- Soil water content: control 35% vs. GLC 25%,v/v 18% decrease
- Electrical conductivity was correlated with soil water content and nitrogen concentration, which was influenced by effluent amount by ground water level control system
- Drain amount: ground water level 30cm → 1.5mm/day, 60cm → 22.2
- Ground water level was significantly lower with 60cm level
- Soybean yield: control 297 kg/10a → 378 kg/10a, 28% increase
- Sesame yield: control 88 kg/10a → 109 kg/10a, 24% increase
○ Smart-phone monitoring and control app
- Real-time monitoring system for ground water level and irrigation amount, ground water level set point, irrigation time and waiting time
- Automatic ground water level control including manual control
○ Field evaluation for GLC system
- Soil water content: control 35%, V/V vs. GLC system 25%, 19.6% ↓(0∼20cm), 16.8%↓(20∼40cm), 3.3↓(40∼60cm)
- Soybean yield: control 256kg/10a → 333kg/10a, 30% increase
- Technology satisfaction 94%, Intension rate of technology acception 88%
○ Economic analysis
- Install cost: 13.6 million won/ha with groundwater controller
- break-even point: 3.5 year(with increasing 28% soybean yield)

< Development of subsurface drip irrigation system for increasing upland crop productivity >
○ Development of tractor attachable subsurface dripline applicator
- Trial prototype: 1 or 3 row driplines applicable
- Application depth: max. 40cm, spacing 60∼140cm adjustable, 3 driplines applicable at a time, working time: 68min/10a
○ Evaluation of irrigation properties and field crop production by subsurface drip irrigation(SDI)
- Daily irrigation time: 70cm spacing 8.7 min/day vs. 140cm spacing 27 min/day
- Total irrigation amount: 22% irrigation water saving compared to sprinkler irrigation method
- Soybean yield: control 282 kg/10a → SDI 356 kg/10a, 26%↑
- Sesame yield: control 104 kg/10a → SDI 142 kg/10a, 37↑
- Sorghum yield increase was not observed
- Yield comparison: control 100 → surface drip 115 → SDI 126
○ Effect of subsurface dripline depth on potato yield
- Potato yield was not significant by dripline application depths between 30cm and 50cm
○ Smart-phone monitoring and control app
- Real-time monitoring system for soil water content, irrigation amount, Irrigation setting(starting point, waiting time etc)
- Automatic irrigation control including manual control
○ Field evaluation
- Soil water content: control 0.187 m³ m^-3 vs SDI 0.274 m³ m^-3
- Slope field(Kimje): soybean yield control 325kg/10a vs SDI 396 kg/10a, 22% increase
- Flat field(Gunwi): soybean yield, control 229 kg/10a vs SDI 328 kg/10a, 43% increase
- Survey: technology satisfaction 93%, Intension rate of technology acception 87%
○ Economic analysis
- Install cost: 29m won/ha(self install cost 23m won/ha)
- break-even point: 6.9year by soybean yield increase(vs. sprinkler 6.0year)
- Irrigation cost saving: 1.3m won per year compared to sprinkler

< Development of automatic surface irrigation technology for increasing upland crop productivity >
○ Development of automatic surface irrigation system based on ICT for upland crops
- System component : automatic soil moisture measuring sensor, automatic valve, automatic irrigation contorol system
- Developing smart phone app to control irrigation amount and time locally or remotely to operate the according to the program
- Entry-level automatic irrigation smart app: maximum 4 district (4 channel) concurrent control system
- Establishment of irrigation point (moisture tension) criteria : soybean –50kPa), sesame –30kPa, sorghum -50kPa
○ Irrigation characteristics and irrigation efficiencies by automatic surface irrigation methods
- Total irrigation amount : drip irrigation 96.4, perforated hoses irrigation 119.5, sprinkler 113.1ton/10a
- Efficiency of applied irrigation was obtained by dividing the total water stored in the effective root zone to the applied irrigation water
- As for water use efficiency, it was also obvious that the automatic surface drip irrigation system gave the best results
- SDI system saved the greatest quantity of water by 27.5% and 95.6% compared to SI, PI system
- Irrigation efficiency (surface drip irrigation): saving 23.9% of irrigation amount compared to perforated hoses irrigation, 16.4% improvement in irrigation efficiency
- Soil moisture : no irrigation 16.6(%,V/V) → automatic surface drip irrigation 30.6%, days of drought : 19 day→ 0 day
○ Improvement of crop productivity by installment of automatic surface irrigation system capsules per plant, total plant dry matter
- Yield increase effect(surface drip): 35.2% increase in soybean compared to no irrigated soybean, sesame 41.6%, sorghum 26.1%
○ Evaluation of automatic surface irrigation system at farming site
- Soil moisture : no irrigation 19.8%(V/V) → automatic surface drip 26.1%, days of drought : 34 day→ 0 day
- Soybean yield : no irrigation 209.4kg/10a → automatic surface drip 270.0kg/10a(29% increase)

< Development of ICT convergence automatic measurement and control system for water management >
○ Groundwater level automatic control system development for generalization of rice paddies(patent registration, technology transfer)
○ ICT-based field crop automatic irrigation control system development (patent registration, technology transfer)
○ ICT-based field crop water management control system on-site verification test foundation establishment
< Development of water balance model for effective water management of main upland crop >
○ Estimation of evapotranspiration and water use of upland crops
- Sandy loam soil: Vegetative(10.0L), Flowering(17.2L), Maturity(4.5L)
○ Improvement of water management through an irrigation scheduling
- Reduction of water use: sesame(16.1%), sorghum(22.2%), soybean(21.8%)
○ Validation of water movement simulation models with measured data
- No-irrigation(R: 0.93), surface irrigation(R: 0.79), surface drip(R: 0.98)

Expected Contribution
□ Application plan
○ Establishment of automatic water management system to improve crop productivity
- Supply of automatic water control and monitoring system
○ Policy reflection of automatic irrigation plan to reduce drought and wet injury damage for upland crops
□ Expected Contribution
○ Technological aspect
- Foundation establishment of real time soil moisture monitoring and automatic surface irrigation based on ICT
- Foundation establishment of precise automatic surface irrigation system for stable cultivation of upland crops
○ Economic & industrial aspect
- Increase of crop productivity and farming income by establishing a sustainable crop production system for stable crop productivity
⇒ Crop production increase: soybean(30%), sorghum(20%), sesame(20%)
- Reduction of irrigation cost and labor saving of irrigation water by developing precise water management system
⇒ Increase of water use efficiency(18%), decrease of water (20%)

(출처 : Summary 8p)

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1
• 제출문 ... 2
• 보고서 요약서 ... 3
• 국 문 요 약 문 ... 4
• Summary ... 8
• 목차 ... 15
• 제 1 장 연구 개발 과제의 개요 ... 16
• 제 1 절 연구 개발 목적 ... 16
• 제 2 절 연구 개발의 필요성 ... 17
• 제 3 절 연구 개발 범위 ... 18
• 제 2 장 연구 수행 내용 및 결과 ... 23
• 제 1 절 논 재배 밭작물의 생산성 향상을 위한 지하수위제어시스템 기술 개발 ... 23
• 제 2 절 밭작물의 생산성 향상을 위한 지중점적관개시스템 개발 ... 44
• 제 3 절 밭작물의 생산성 향상을 위한 지표관개 자동 물관리 기술 개발 ... 66
• 제 4 절 ICT 융복합 밭작물 물관리 자동계측 및 제어시스템 개발 ... 86
• 제 5 절 주요 밭작물의 효율적인 물관리를 위한 물수지 예측모형 개발 ... 97
• 제 3 장 목표달성도 및 관련분야 기여도 ... 122
• 제 1 절 목표대비 달성도 ... 122
• 제 2 절 정량적 성과(논문게재, 특허출원, 기타)를 기술 ... 123
• 제 4 장 연구 결과의 활용 계획 ... 123
• 제 5 장 연구 개발 결과의 보안 등급 ... 124
• 제 6 장 연구시설·장비종합정보시스템에 등록한 연구시설·장비 현황 ... 124
• 제 7 장 연구개발과제의 대표적 연구실적 ... 125
• 제 8 장 기타사항 ... 126
• 제 9 장 참고문헌 ... 127
• 끝페이지 ... 134