초록 ▼

미래형 사과 과원 스마트 정밀관리 기술 개발하고자 기계화 용이 이축 수형 구성을 위한 회초리 묘목의 관리 기술과 사과 이축묘 규격 기준 설정하면서 이축 수형 구성시 나무 줄기간의 세력 조절 요령 개발하였다. 기계전정은 무작위로 가지가 잘리므로 마무리는 수작업 필요하나 작업 시간이 절감되었다. 사과원 지주식 무인 약제살포 장치를 활용한 테스트베드 구축 및 노즐 구경별 약제 부착정도 구명하였고. 무인농약살포 시스템 구축으로 방제효과 제고와 작업시간을 단축하는 효과를 볼 수 있었다. LiDAR 센서 등을 활용하여 과수 유무 및 형상 인식

미래형 사과 과원 스마트 정밀관리 기술 개발하고자 기계화 용이 이축 수형 구성을 위한 회초리 묘목의 관리 기술과 사과 이축묘 규격 기준 설정하면서 이축 수형 구성시 나무 줄기간의 세력 조절 요령 개발하였다. 기계전정은 무작위로 가지가 잘리므로 마무리는 수작업 필요하나 작업 시간이 절감되었다. 사과원 지주식 무인 약제살포 장치를 활용한 테스트베드 구축 및 노즐 구경별 약제 부착정도 구명하였고. 무인농약살포 시스템 구축으로 방제효과 제고와 작업시간을 단축하는 효과를 볼 수 있었다. LiDAR 센서 등을 활용하여 과수 유무 및 형상 인식 기반 선택적 살포가 가능한 로봇 방제기 개발하였는데, 각각의 분사 노즐에 솔레노이드 밸브 장착 방제하는 경우 20~30% 정도의 살포 약량도 절감할 수 있다.
토양수분장력센서를 사과과원의 토심 20cm와 40cm에 설치하고, 관수 개시 토양수분장력은 –40kPa, 관수 종료는–20kPa로 설정하여 스마트한 자동관수 시스템을 개발하였다. 한편, 과수원 내 농기계의 자율 주행을 위해 드론의 멀티카메라, 지상의 Depth Camera, 라이다 센서 융합기술을 이용한 과원 3D 맵핑 고도화하고, 과수 환경의 특성을 고려한 운동제어 기법 및 주행 경로상 장애물 인식 시스템 구축하여 로봇방제기와 결합하여 활용할 수 있도록 하였다.

(출처 : 요약서 4p)

Abstract ▼

□ Purpose&Contents
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of mechanical pruning, mechanical pruning and manual pruning were compared in conventional apple orchard and investigate the characteristics of tree growth for trees form that are expected to be suitable to orchard mechanization.<

□ Purpose&Contents
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of mechanical pruning, mechanical pruning and manual pruning were compared in conventional apple orchard and investigate the characteristics of tree growth for trees form that are expected to be suitable to orchard mechanization.
Also, in order to realize an unmanned automatic spraying system, a micro spray spraying system was used to achieve unmanned control of apple gardens. In addition, it was intended to contribute to the early dissemination and spread of the developed technology by creating an experimental package and test bed for the application of an unmanned spray system. Meanwhile, robotic smart control technology for orchards was developed, and irrigation automation programs were developed to optimize the soil moisture environment suitable for apple growth. It was carried out to develop programs so that robots in the apple orchard can run autonomously.

□ Results
Overall winter mechanical pruning tended to increase shoot generation compared with winter manual pruning.
With regard to fruit quality, The change in fruit weight by mechanical pruning was noticeable. Average fruit weight of treatment pruned mechanically at winter lower than hand pruning. Removing exterior canopy by only summer mechanical pruning did not help improve peel coloring.
Compared to the tall spindle, in spite of lower vertical growth, the bi-axis is highly featherd. Consequently, bi-axis is considered to be advantageous for stabilizing tree vigor and securing the bearing fruit. Based on the above results, one policy proposal was submitted and one patent was registered. In addition, two practical techniques for farming were provided.
In order to develop an automated spraying system using ICT, a sprinkler and fog type spraying device with different nozzle types and number of nozzles was installed in the apple orchard in 2018 to analyze the degree of adhesion of the pesticide to the water-reducing paper while treating the pesticide. The degree of adhesion of the pesticide was different for each nozzle type, and there was a disadvantage that the amount of adhesion was generally small on the back of the leaf. In 2019, an unmanned pesticidie spraying device supplemented with a post type was installed, and the nozzle was installed with a fixed nozzle facing upward. As a result of investigating the degree of pesticide adhesion by nozzle diameter, the adhesion amount of a nozzle with a diameter of 1 mm was good. The control effect was not statistically different from the conventional speed sprayer for oriental fruit moth, peach fruit moth, alternaria leaf spot, and marssonia blotch.
The control effect was not as good as that of the conventional speed sprayer for apple aphids, European red mites, a apple leafminers, and stinkbugs. In 2020, the nozzle installed in '19 was improved. The control effect against insectpests was not significant, but the control effect was generally better. Excluding marssonia blotch, the control effect of alternaria leaf spot, apple anthrax, and white rot was better. With the development of robotic smart control technology for orchards, a spraying algorithm was developed according to the presence and shape of fruit trees, and a control device initiator with a smart control algorithm was developed to integrate and test the smart control and autonomous driving platform. Automatic irrigation soil moisture tension was set for optimizing soil moisture in the apple garden, and a web-based irrigation automation control system and soil moisture environment observation environment were established by developing an irrigation automation program using a soil moisture tensiometer. Orchard information technology was developed through the development of aerial mapping technology for orchards using drones, etc., and driving technology was developed in an open field environment based on autonomous driving technology in the orchard.

□ Expected Contribution
It provides basic data for establishing the technology to apply machanical pruning in apple orcahrd, thereby contributing to expanding the range of mechanization and reducing manpower for apple production. In addition, by suggesting a future model apple orchard, it is intended to help maintain a sustainable apple industry with agricultural policy directions.
The expansion of digital agriculture and pilot projects such as farmers and related agricultural institutions are scheduled to be promoted in eight locations in 2021, contributing to the enhancement of related technologies and control effects. On the other hand, in the case of a post-type control system with good control effects, the research will be expanded to expand the utility of effects other than pest control(frost damage during flowering, sun damage during high temperatures, etc.). We secured technology for smart farming machines suitable for future orchards using ICT, and developed original technology for precision agriculture through future apple orchard model and intelligent control technology, and laid the foundation for the development and convergence of core technologies for the 4th industrial revolution through automation of agriculture.
It will be possible to establish an automated irrigation system, save agricultural water, and reduce labor by developing the foundation technology that farmers can utilize the orchard irrigation automation system.
It is possible to reduce the amount of pesticide spraying through map-based precise control, apply a minimum sensor combination for autonomous driving in the apple garden, and reduce development costs, and promote the practical use of control performance and environmental recognition technology through the advancement of sensor fusion technology.

(출처 : SUMMARY 7p)

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1제 출 문 ... 2보고서 요약서 ... 4국 문 요 약 문 ... 5Summary ... 7목차 ... 10제 1 장 연구 개발 과제의 개요 ... 11 제1절 연구 개발 목적 ... 11 제2절 연구 개발의 필요성 ... 12 제3절 연구 개발 범위 ... 13제 2 장 연구 수행 내용 및 결과 ... 15제 3 장 목표달성도 및 관련분야 기여도 ... 136 제1절 목표대비 달성도 ... 136 제2절 정량적 성과(논문게재, 특허출원, 기타)를 기술 ... 138제 4 장 연구 결과의 활용 계획 ... 139제 5 장 연구 개발 결과의 보안 등급 ... 140제 6 장 연구시설·장비종합정보시스템에 등록한 연구시설·장비 현황 ... 140제 7 장 연구개발과제의 대표적 연구실적 ... 141제 8 장 기타사항 ... 143제 9 장 참고문헌 ... 144끝페이지 ... 146