보고서 정보
주관연구기관 |
경희대학교 Kyung Hee University |
연구책임자 |
Tran Hoang Nguyen
|
보고서유형 | 최종보고서 |
발행국가 | 대한민국 |
언어 |
대한민국
|
발행년월 | 2020-07 |
과제시작연도 |
2020 |
주관부처 |
과학기술정보통신부 Ministry of Science and ICT |
과제관리전문기관 |
한국연구재단 National Research Foundation of Korea |
등록번호 |
TRKO202100014882 |
과제고유번호 |
1345316468 |
사업명 |
개인기초연구(교육부)(R&D) |
DB 구축일자 |
2021-10-02
|
키워드 |
Incentive Mechanism.Colocation data centers.Geo-distributed data centers.Demand response.Power Management.Optimization.
|
초록
Abstract
▼
□연구개요
Coordinate power management for emergency demand response. While demand response provides new opportunities for reducing colocation operator’s skyrocketing cost, another important, perhaps even more striking, benefit of colocation demand response is the enhancement of power grid reliability
□연구개요
Coordinate power management for emergency demand response. While demand response provides new opportunities for reducing colocation operator’s skyrocketing cost, another important, perhaps even more striking, benefit of colocation demand response is the enhancement of power grid reliability. In particular, emergency demand response (EDR, e.g., when extreme weather condition occurs) coordinates many large energy consumers (including data centers) for power demand reduction and serves as the last line of defense for power grid before cascading blackouts that may lead to economic losses in the order of billions of dollars. As identified by U.S. EPA [1], data centers are valuable assets for EDR. For example, on July 22, 2011, hundreds of data centers participated in EDR and contributed by cutting their electricity usage before a nation-wide blackout occurred in the U.S. and Canada.
Why colocation (emergency) demand response? In sharp contrast with the existing literature on owner-operated data centers, our research investigates colocation EDR, because of the following facts. First, colocation is an integral segment of data center industry, and “most large data centers” are colocations, according to Google. Second, many large colocations are located in densely-populated metropolitan areas (e.g., Silicon Valley) where EDR is particularly desired for peak grid load shaving, as opposed to many mega-scale owner operated data centers (e.g., Google) that are often located in rural areas with low population densities
□연구 목표대비 연구결과
Emergency demand response, which is the last line of defense to avoid cascading failures during emergency events, has witnessed numerous crucial participants, including buildings and datacenters. However, even though the majority of datacenters are physically located in mixed-use buildings (MUBs), the existing studies on emergency demand response are non-coordinated approaches that separately focus on either buildings or datacenters, hence ignoring that both datacenters and non-datacenter (e.g., office) operations share the same MUB facilities (e.g., electricity supply). Furthermore, even when all MUB tenants (i.e., offices and datacenters) are jointly considered, tenants will incur different costs to shed energy for emergency demand response, thereby raising an issue of mis-aligned incentive for their participation. To overcome this non-coordinated energy shedding and mis-aligned incentives, we propose two incentive mechanisms in MUBs, such that the total incurred cost is minimized for energy shedding. The first mechanism, namely MECH-NA, is designed for non-strategic MUB tenants. In MECH-NA, the MUB operator provides a mechanism package including reward rate and a commitment profile with deviation penalty, based on which the MUB tenants will shed energy to maximize the reward and minimize their energy-shedding and deviation costs. We also design a distributed algorithm to implement MECH-NA that can achieve the minimum MUB cost
□연구개발결과의 중요성
Much prior research has shown promising results of optimizing power management for data center demand response. Likewise, we will investigate (coordinated) power management to maximize the potential of colocation EDR. Nonetheless, compared to the aforementioned research aims, colocation EDR presents new challenges. Notably, reward-based mechanism has a voluntary nature (i.e., tenants are not obliged to reduce power), and hence it is not suitable for urgent situations in which failure to reduce power below a certain level [2] may lead to huge economic losses. Inspired by power market design, one possible remedy could be the following: tenants can make a commitment for power reduction that will be executed during emergency events, and are rewarded based on their commitment, even though there is no EDR event; but whenever EDR occurs, participating tenants are obliged to reduce their power demand below pre-committed levels. Thus, there is a new commitment market to exchange “power reduction commitment” for“financial rewards” between tenants and colocation operator. This market is particularly suitable for tenants which have high flexibilities in power management, e.g., tenants which house severs in multiple colocations (for load migration) and/or run non-critical workloads (e.g., data backup).In parallel, there is a challenge for participating tenants to cap their power demand under a pre-committed level for EDR. Some example knobs that can be explored for tenants’ power capping are CPU scaling, load shedding/deferring/migration and turning unused servers off, which require a holistic control to minimize the performance impact. Overall, for EDR, a holistically coordinated power management, both by participating tenants and by colocation operator itself (via controlling operator’s servers and non-IT knobs), is needed to cap the colocation’s electricity demand below a certain level.
While much challenging work needs to be done, the proposed research (e.g., commitment market, coordinated power management for capping electricity demand), if successful, can greatly shift the way that colocations participate in EDR today, significantly enhancing the power grid reliability against emergency events (e.g., increasingly frequent extreme weather) and transforming colocations’ formidable power demand from a nightmare into a highly valuable social asset.
(출처 : 요 약 문 2p)
목차 Contents
- COVER ... 1
- 연구결과 요약문 ... 2
- 목차 ... 4
- 1. 연구개발과제의 개요 ... 5
- 2. 연구수행내용 및 연구결과 ... 5
- 3. 연구개발결과의 중요성 ... 13
- 4. 참고문헌 ... 13
- 5. 연구성과 ... 14
- 대표적 연구실적 ... 17
- End of Page ... 26
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.