보고서 정보
주관연구기관 |
한국환경연구원 |
연구책임자 |
염정윤
|
참여연구자 |
김남수
,
정행운
,
정우현
|
보고서유형 | 최종보고서 |
발행국가 | 대한민국 |
언어 |
한국어
|
발행년월 | 2021-12 |
과제시작연도 |
2021 |
주관부처 |
국무조정실 The Office for Government Policy Coordination |
등록번호 |
TRKO202200017587 |
과제고유번호 |
1105016403 |
사업명 |
한국환경정책평가연구원(R&D) |
DB 구축일자 |
2022-12-05
|
키워드 |
환경 리터러시.환경 지식.환경 태도.환경 실천.시민 군집 분석.Environmental Literacy.Environmental Cognition.Environmental Affect.Environmental Behavior.Clustering Analysis.
|
초록
▼
Ⅴ. 결론 및 함의
1. 연구 결과의 종합
❏ 일반 시민의 환경 리터러시 수준을 확인
ㅇ 지식 리터러시 평균은 5.20, 정서 평균은 5.13, 실천 평균은 4.34(각 영역 7점 만점)로 우리나라 시민의 전반적인 환경 리터러시 수준은 높은 편
ㅇ 성인 집단 내에서도 환경 수준에 따라 다양한 군집이 존재하는 것을 확인
- 사회적으로 유사한 집단(예를 들어, 나이, 직업 등) 내에서도 환경 수준 격차 존재
- 시민 군집별 환경 인식 및 환경 정책에 대한 의견 차이가 있음을 확인
∙ 환경 리터러시
Ⅴ. 결론 및 함의
1. 연구 결과의 종합
❏ 일반 시민의 환경 리터러시 수준을 확인
ㅇ 지식 리터러시 평균은 5.20, 정서 평균은 5.13, 실천 평균은 4.34(각 영역 7점 만점)로 우리나라 시민의 전반적인 환경 리터러시 수준은 높은 편
ㅇ 성인 집단 내에서도 환경 수준에 따라 다양한 군집이 존재하는 것을 확인
- 사회적으로 유사한 집단(예를 들어, 나이, 직업 등) 내에서도 환경 수준 격차 존재
- 시민 군집별 환경 인식 및 환경 정책에 대한 의견 차이가 있음을 확인
∙ 환경 리터러시 수준의 차이는 개인 간의 환경 능력의 차이일 뿐 아니라 환경을 바라보는 시각이나 환경 정책에 대한 의견에 영향을 미침
2. 연구의 의의
❏ 성인 대상 환경교육의 방향성과 환경 정책 수립을 위한 기초 자료 제공
- 성인의 환경 실천을 증대하기 위해서는 정서 리터러시의 강화가 중요
- 성인 세대의 교육 효과를 높이기 위해서는 무형식 교육의 강화가 필요
- 집단의 세분화를 통해 각 군집의 특성을 반영한 맞춤형 교육 접근 전략 추진 필요
3. 연구의 한계와 후속 연구를 위한 제언
❏ 환경적으로 특징적인 모든 집단을 구분해 내지는 못함
ㅇ 성인을 대상으로 한 초기 연구로 범용적으로 사용할 수 있는 척도 개발을 목적으로하였으므로 측정에 포함되지 못한 주제나 실천 영역이 존재할 수 있음
❏ 모든 시민의 온라인 접근성이 동일하지 않기 때문에 온라인 설문은 노년층이나 저소득층 표집이 왜곡될 우려가 있고 특정 집단이 과소 또는 과대 대표될 수 있으므로 유의하여 해석해야 함
❏ 시민 군집에 따른 환경교육 접근 방법은 실제 효과가 검증된 것은 아님
ㅇ 각 군집에 대한 심층 면접이나 포커스 그룹 인터뷰 등을 통해 본 연구에서 제시한 접근 방법의 유효성을 검증하고, 다양하고 실효성 있는 방안을 모색해야 함
(출처 : 요약 15p)
Abstract
▼
Ⅳ. Results
1. Overview
❑ An online survey was conducted among 1,000 adults aged from 20 and 60 nationwide from September 10, 2021 (Fri.) to September 16, 2021 (Thur.) by EMBRAIN Public.
ㅇ Gender, age, and region-based sampling was used.
2. Questionnaire
❑ The environmental literac
Ⅳ. Results
1. Overview
❑ An online survey was conducted among 1,000 adults aged from 20 and 60 nationwide from September 10, 2021 (Fri.) to September 16, 2021 (Thur.) by EMBRAIN Public.
ㅇ Gender, age, and region-based sampling was used.
2. Questionnaire
❑ The environmental literacy measurements for adults include the cognition, affect, and behavior sections, aiming at examining the current environmental competences of Korean adults.
❑ The survey questionnaire consisted of three parts: ① personal characteristics, ② environmental literacy, and ③ opinion on environmental policy.
ㅇ Personal characteristics include demographic characteristics (such as gender, age, academic background, and income) and behavioral/psychologicalcharacteristics (such as how they obtain information, cultural worldview,motivation of environmental behavior, and subjective knowledge).
3. Study results
❑ A cluster analysis was conducted based on the level of environmental literacy.
ㅇ This study set five clusters by adopting the K-average clustering analysis method.
❑ The five clusters are classified into action-oriented, latent, skeptical, bystander, and green citizen clusters.
ㅇ The action-oriented cluster showed a high level of emotion and practice literacy despite the low level of knowledge literacy (8.8% of the entirerespondents).
- Self-efficacy was stronger than other emotion literacy areas. It can be understood that the belief that environmental issues can be solved with one’s effort leads to practice.
- Despite the low knowledge literacy, the level of subjective knowledge in terms of environmental knowledge was high. It means the respondents have self-confidence and belief in their competencies.
- The average age was 51.3 and the percentage of respondents having poor academic backgrounds (the percentage of those with a high school diploma or lower was 31.8%) was high.
ㅇ The latent cluster showed a mid level in all literacy areas (23.3% of the entire respondents).
- They were swing voters whose viewpoint in terms of the environment-friendliness is not established.
- They showed a certain level of environmental literacy but continuous practice was not found.
- Since practice literacy was at a high level, more environment-friendly behaviors could be found than others (i.e., skeptical or bystandercluster) depending on the situation or field.
- The female percentage (60.5%) was higher than that of males (39.5%), and the average age was 47.1.
- The percentage of housewives and those in simple labor positions is higher than other clusters.
ㅇ The bystander cluster showed a high level of knowledge literacy but emotion and practice literacy were at a mid and low level, respectively(26.9% of the entire respondents).
- Despite the high knowledge literacy, environmental efficacy was weak in all emotion literacy areas.
∙ Environmental efficacy means the belief in one’s competencies in understanding and taking actions to solve environmental issues and such practice is helpful in addressing actual environmental issues.
- The percentage of the highly educated was the highest (those having a university degree or higher is 75.8%) and the percentage of highincome earners was relatively high (45.7% earns over five million KRW).
- In terms of vocation, the percentage of students or those working in professional fields was high.
- They preferred discussion or lecture in terms of environmental education methods. The percentage of people consuming environmental information via media (including both news reports andothers) appeared higher than that of other clusters.
ㅇ The bystander cluster showed low levels of literacy in all areas (14.4% of the entire respondents).
- They had not only low environmental awareness, but also negative views sometimes.
- They tended to show a strong belief in fatalism, seeing the nature unpredictable and thinking that all behavioral results occur by chance.
∙ Thus, they considered danger is not preventable with individual or collective efforts.
- The male percentage (68.8%) was higher than that of females (31.3%), and the average age was the lowest.
- The percentage of low-income households (32.6% earns less than two million KRW) was higher than other clusters. The percentage of theunmarried (50.0%) or those with no kids (51.4%) was high among therespondents.
ㅇ The green citizen cluster displayed high levels of literacy in all areas (26.6% of the entire respondents).
- It is the most idealistic group supported by knowledge, emotion, and practice in terms of environmental education.
- The highly educated percentage was relatively high and that of those in management or professional fields was high.
- For them, the maintenance and conservation of the environment became the highest ecological motivation among others forenvironmental behavior.
- They had the highest level of information competency and consumed information from all sources evenly.
3. Strategies to enhance environmental literacy for each cluster
❑ Action-oriented cluster
ㅇ It is necessary to guide them to practice environmental activity correctly by revising their incorrect environmental knowledge, since they evaluatethemselves as being knowledgeable about the environment without a precise understanding.
ㅇ It is necessary to process information to make it intuitive and easily understandable, since the average age and percentage of those with pooracademic backgrounds are high in this cluster.
ㅇ It is needed to encourage them to participate in environmental campaigns on a regional base including a community or welfare center, since theylike engaging in environmental campaigns and activities. A highpercentage of them obtains information from the regional community.
❑ Latent cluster
ㅇ Since this group have certain levels of knowledge and emotion, it can be expected that increased emotion literacy through proper interventionwill lead to the rise in practice.
ㅇ Grunig suggested involvement as a major factor to turn this type of cluster to active public.121)
- It is necessary to reduce psychological distance while growing tangibility on environmental issues to enhance involvement.
∙ For instance, since the percentage of females and housewives was high, their involvement could be enhanced if a message is sent to them,saying “Your children will soon face environmental issues”.
ㅇ Basically, they consumed environmental information a lot through media, so developing media content to raise their emotional level isrecommended.
- Currently, there is a low possibility that they would actively consume environmental content. It is necessary to indirectly expose them toenvironment-related themes through embedded marketing orentertaining educational content.
ㅇ It is expected that experience with children or a field trip opportunity will be effective due to the high percentage of housewives in the cluster.
❑ Skeptical cluster
ㅇ People in this cluster show high knowledge literacy because of their awareness on social structural limits, but their cognition is not turned into behavior.
ㅇ It is significant to deliver a message that gives self-confidence empowering them to overcome socio-environmental limitations.
- If a case where environmental issues were solved through individual or collective efforts or the effect of environmental practice is presentedin a quantified way, it may be effective.
ㅇ Since the level of their academic backgrounds and income was high along with a high percentage of students and professionals, people in thiscluster have a possibility of becoming an evangelist in the environmentalfield as a leading opinion leader.
- Hosting an environment-related workshop or seminar by workplace unit is recommended.
❑ Bystander cluster
ㅇ It is needed to guide the improvement in the overall environmental literacy starting with emotion literacy.
ㅇ People in this cluster have a high possibility of not participating in formal education settings, so it is necessary to design an approach to create an environmental learning effect as a byproduct.
ㅇ Experience or field trip programs along with a cultural or leisure activity are expected to be effective since they prefer such activities as members of a group whose average age is low and where the percentage of the unmarried is high.
- It is necessary to induce their participation in an environmental activity as a cultural activity by creating a trend including plogging and the SNS challenge.
❑ Green citizen cluster
ㅇ Instead of providing additional education, it is necessary to consider ways to use this cluster as semi-professionals in the environment field.
ㅇ Training them as civic environmental specialists or scientists can be considered as they prefer observation and investigation by directly engaging in the environmental issues within their region.
(source : Executive Summary 174p)
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.