Gulliver's Travels is an "imaginary voyage"written as prose fiction. In short it is a complex book. It is, of course, a satire on four aspects of man: the political, the physical, the intellectual ,and the moral. The last three are inseparable, and when Swift writes of one, he always has the others ...
Gulliver's Travels is an "imaginary voyage"written as prose fiction. In short it is a complex book. It is, of course, a satire on four aspects of man: the political, the physical, the intellectual ,and the moral. The last three are inseparable, and when Swift writes of one, he always has the others in view. It is also a brilliant parody of travel literature and a witty parody of science fiction. It expresses savage indignation at the follies, vices, and stupidities of men, and everywhere implicit in the book as a whole is an awareness of man's tragic insufficiency. But at the same time it is a great comic masterpiece. All of Swift's satire was written in anger, contempt, or disgust, but it was written top-romote self-knowledge in the faith that self-knowledge will lead to right action. We laugh at the toy kingdom of the Lilliputians ; at the acrobatic skill of the politicians and courtiers. We laugh at the plight of Gulliver of Brobdingnag : frightened by a puppy, rendered ludicrous by the tricks of a mischievous monkey, in awe of a dwarf ; embarrassed by the lascivious antics of the maids of honor and at last content to be tended like a baby by his girl-nurse. We laugh at the abstractness of the philosophers of Laputa, at the mad experimenters of Balnibarbi. And I am sure that we are right in at least smiling at the preposterous horses, the Houyhnhnms, so limited and so positive in their knowledge and opinions, so complacent in their assurance that they are 'the Perfection of Nature.' Much of the delight that we take in Gulliver's Travels is due to this gay, comic, fanciful inventiveness. Swift,the master of irony among the moderns, has achieved no reater ironic masterpiece than the posthumous reputation of Gulliver's Travels, written to vex the world, not to divert it, hiding within its cloak of wit and romantic invention the savage indignation of a lifetime, it is the sincerest indictment of the pride of man yet penned in our language. Indeed, if Swift's own hints regarding the meaning of his book are heeded, it is in the contrast between Yahoo and Houyhnhnm that his main thesis lies. Gulliver, occupying a position between the two, part beast, part reason, is Swift's allegorical picture of the dual nature of man. He is not Houyhnhnm,'animal rationale', nor is he Yahoo. He is 'ration is capax'. The fourth book of the Travels is many ways the fiercest of Swift's satires. Gulliver slowly realized that he must acknowledge his kinship with the Yahoos. The ritual farewell to the Houyhnhnm master is a relinquishment of his hope to achieve rationality. The book is usually glossed by a citation of Swift's plaintive letter to Pope, Despite the fact that Gulliver apparently, and the Yahoos certainly, are somewhat less than 'rationis capax'. Jonathan Swift was stronger and healthier than Lemuel Gulliver. He hated the stupidity and the sinfulness and the pride of mankind. He could not accept the optimistic view of human nature that the philosophers of the enlightenment proposed, and so he could exclaim to his contemporaties : "Wicked and perverse generation!" But, until he entered upon the darkness of his last years, he did not abandon his fellow man as hopeless or cease to announce, however indirectly the dignity and worth of mankind.
Gulliver's Travels is an "imaginary voyage"written as prose fiction. In short it is a complex book. It is, of course, a satire on four aspects of man: the political, the physical, the intellectual ,and the moral. The last three are inseparable, and when Swift writes of one, he always has the others in view. It is also a brilliant parody of travel literature and a witty parody of science fiction. It expresses savage indignation at the follies, vices, and stupidities of men, and everywhere implicit in the book as a whole is an awareness of man's tragic insufficiency. But at the same time it is a great comic masterpiece. All of Swift's satire was written in anger, contempt, or disgust, but it was written top-romote self-knowledge in the faith that self-knowledge will lead to right action. We laugh at the toy kingdom of the Lilliputians ; at the acrobatic skill of the politicians and courtiers. We laugh at the plight of Gulliver of Brobdingnag : frightened by a puppy, rendered ludicrous by the tricks of a mischievous monkey, in awe of a dwarf ; embarrassed by the lascivious antics of the maids of honor and at last content to be tended like a baby by his girl-nurse. We laugh at the abstractness of the philosophers of Laputa, at the mad experimenters of Balnibarbi. And I am sure that we are right in at least smiling at the preposterous horses, the Houyhnhnms, so limited and so positive in their knowledge and opinions, so complacent in their assurance that they are 'the Perfection of Nature.' Much of the delight that we take in Gulliver's Travels is due to this gay, comic, fanciful inventiveness. Swift,the master of irony among the moderns, has achieved no reater ironic masterpiece than the posthumous reputation of Gulliver's Travels, written to vex the world, not to divert it, hiding within its cloak of wit and romantic invention the savage indignation of a lifetime, it is the sincerest indictment of the pride of man yet penned in our language. Indeed, if Swift's own hints regarding the meaning of his book are heeded, it is in the contrast between Yahoo and Houyhnhnm that his main thesis lies. Gulliver, occupying a position between the two, part beast, part reason, is Swift's allegorical picture of the dual nature of man. He is not Houyhnhnm,'animal rationale', nor is he Yahoo. He is 'ration is capax'. The fourth book of the Travels is many ways the fiercest of Swift's satires. Gulliver slowly realized that he must acknowledge his kinship with the Yahoos. The ritual farewell to the Houyhnhnm master is a relinquishment of his hope to achieve rationality. The book is usually glossed by a citation of Swift's plaintive letter to Pope, Despite the fact that Gulliver apparently, and the Yahoos certainly, are somewhat less than 'rationis capax'. Jonathan Swift was stronger and healthier than Lemuel Gulliver. He hated the stupidity and the sinfulness and the pride of mankind. He could not accept the optimistic view of human nature that the philosophers of the enlightenment proposed, and so he could exclaim to his contemporaties : "Wicked and perverse generation!" But, until he entered upon the darkness of his last years, he did not abandon his fellow man as hopeless or cease to announce, however indirectly the dignity and worth of mankind.
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#걸리버 여행기 풍자 철학적 배경 imaginary voyage
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