본 연구는 1995년에 정신보건법이 제정되어 정신장애인에게 사회복귀와 경제적 혜택, 장애인 고용 촉진의 기반을 마련하여 시행하고 있으며 입원환자 수의 감소와 만성질환자의 탈원화를 위해 노력하고 있는 지금 사회적 지지기반을 저해하는 편견을 해소하는 일은 중요한 문제로 파악되어 청소년의 정신장애인에 대한 편견을 파악하기 위해 시도된 서술적 조사연구이다. 자료수집은 2002년 3월 11일부터 16일까지 연구자가 직접 학교에 방문하여 그 학교 교사의 도움으로 자료를 배포하고 설문지가 작성되는 데로 바로 수거하였다. 자료 작성 소요시간은 약 15분 이였으며 300부를 배부하여 수집하였고 미수되거나 누락된 자료를 제외한 266부를 최종 분석하여 이용하였다. 정신장애인에 관한 편견의 내용과 정도를 측정하는 도구는 Taylor와 Dear(1981)가 개발한 CAMI(...
본 연구는 1995년에 정신보건법이 제정되어 정신장애인에게 사회복귀와 경제적 혜택, 장애인 고용 촉진의 기반을 마련하여 시행하고 있으며 입원환자 수의 감소와 만성질환자의 탈원화를 위해 노력하고 있는 지금 사회적 지지기반을 저해하는 편견을 해소하는 일은 중요한 문제로 파악되어 청소년의 정신장애인에 대한 편견을 파악하기 위해 시도된 서술적 조사연구이다. 자료수집은 2002년 3월 11일부터 16일까지 연구자가 직접 학교에 방문하여 그 학교 교사의 도움으로 자료를 배포하고 설문지가 작성되는 데로 바로 수거하였다. 자료 작성 소요시간은 약 15분 이였으며 300부를 배부하여 수집하였고 미수되거나 누락된 자료를 제외한 266부를 최종 분석하여 이용하였다. 정신장애인에 관한 편견의 내용과 정도를 측정하는 도구는 Taylor와 Dear(1981)가 개발한 CAMI(Community attitude toward the mental illness)의 부정적 태도 문항을 기초로 한 것과 Wahl과 Harman(1989)이 개발한 설문지를 김효정(2000)에 의해 수정 보완된 것을 사용하였다. 고등학생 12명을 대상으로 사전조사를 하였고 그 신뢰도 계수는 Cronbach' α는 .7218이다. 최종적으로 사용된 도구의 Cronbach' α는 .8019이다. 수집된 자료는 부호화하여 전산 처리하였으며, SPSS Program을 이용하여 분석하고 통계 처리하였다. 연구 대상의 일반적인 특성은 실수와 백분율을 구하였으며 편견의 내용과 정도는 평균과 표준편차를 산출하였으며 편견의 내용과 정도의 각 영역별 상관관계는 상관분석을 이용하였으며 관계를 파악하기 위하여 Pearson`s r 을 구하였다. 연구 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 편견에 관한 내용과 정도의 차이는 t-test, One-way ANOVA로 분석하였으며 편견이 정신장애인, 정신장애인 가족에게 미치는 영향에 대한 인식, 편견요인 및 편견 해소방법에는 실수와 백분율을 산출하였다. 1. 결론 1) 본 연구의 대상자중 봉사활동경험이 있는 대상자는 63.2%로 과반수의 대상자가 답했으며, 가족 중에 장애인이 있는 대상자는 266명 중 31명으로 11.7%를 차지했고 그 중 정신장애인은 9명으로 3.4%이고, 신체장애인은 22명으로 8.3%이었다. 2) 편견의 내용과 정도에서 전체의 평균은 2.36이고 5가지로 나눈 영역별로 보면 정신질환에 관한 편견이 가장 높게 나왔으며(M=2.55), 가장 낮은 영역은 정신병원에 관한 편견이었다(M=2.14). 영역별 상관관계를 보면 정신장애인에 관한 편견과 정신질환의 치료에 대한 편견은 다른 영역 모두에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나왔고 정신질환에 관한 편견, 정신병원에 관한 편견, 정신장애인 관리와 치료를 위한 정책에 관한 편견은 정신장애인에 관한 편견(F=.293, P=.000)과 정신질환의 치료에 관한 편견(F=.176, P=.004)에 유의한 차이가 있었다. 3) 일반적인 특성에 따른 편견의 내용과 정도의 차이는 연령(F=2.792, P=.027),성별(T=2.206, P=.028), 봉사활동 경험의 유무(T=-2.033, P=.043)에서 통계적으로 유의한 결과를 보였다. 4) 대상자들의 편견이 정신장애인에게 미치는 영향에 대한 인식에서 '장애인의 자존감(자존심)'에 매우 영향을 준다(57.1%)가 가장 높은 점수로 나왔으며 '장애인의 결혼'에 매우 영향을 준다(52.6%)가 그 다음으로 높았으며 그리고 '장애인이 주거지 설정하는데', '장애인의 진학과 관련된 교육 환경에' 낮은 점수가 나왔다. 5) 편견이 정신장애인 가족에게 미치는 영향에 대한 인식보다 장애인에게 미치는 영향이 높게 나왔다. '장애인의 가족이 다른 가족과 유대관계를 형성하는데'에 조금 영향을 준다(54.9%)로 나왔으며 '장애인 가족의 자존감(자존심)'에 조금 영향을 준다(50.4%)로 높은 점수였고 '장애인 가족의 결혼에' 순위로 나왔으며 '장애인 가족구성원과 장애인이 서로 유대관계 하는데' 가 가장 낮은 점수였다. 6) 대상자의 정신장애인에 대한 편견 요인을 보면 '정신장애인들에 의해 일어나는 범죄행위와 관련된 뉴스기사'에 82.7%가 관련 있다라고 답했으며 '일부보호시설의 열악한 환경'이 82.4%가 편견 요인에 관련 있다라고 답해 높은 점수로 나왔으며 'TV드라마나 기타 프로그램에서 나타나는 정신병동의 혼란스럽고 과장된 분위기 연출'에 80.1%의 관련 있음을 보여주고 있다. 7) 정신장애인에 대한 편견 해소방법에 대한 대상자의 반응의 결과를 보면 '가족의 상호지지적이고 협조적인 모습'에 89.9%의 높은 점수로 관련 있다라고 답했으며 '정신질환에 대한 치료적 발전'은 87.3%의 관련 있음을 보여주고 있다. '정신질환에 대한 사실적인 정보제공', '정신병원과 병동의 치료환경개선과 개방화', '대중매체를 통한 회복된 정신장애인의 사례보도 및 정신장애인에 대한 메스컴의 긍정적 보도' 등의 순위로 높게 나왔다. 2. 제언 본 연구의 결과를 기반으로 다음과 같은 제언을 하고자 한다. 1) 청소년의 정신장애인에 대한 편견을 없애기 위한 해소방법의 구체적인 방안에 관한 연구가 필요하다. 2) 정신장애인의 가족이 느끼는 편견과 편견해소방법에 대한 연구가 필요하다
본 연구는 1995년에 정신보건법이 제정되어 정신장애인에게 사회복귀와 경제적 혜택, 장애인 고용 촉진의 기반을 마련하여 시행하고 있으며 입원환자 수의 감소와 만성질환자의 탈원화를 위해 노력하고 있는 지금 사회적 지지기반을 저해하는 편견을 해소하는 일은 중요한 문제로 파악되어 청소년의 정신장애인에 대한 편견을 파악하기 위해 시도된 서술적 조사연구이다. 자료수집은 2002년 3월 11일부터 16일까지 연구자가 직접 학교에 방문하여 그 학교 교사의 도움으로 자료를 배포하고 설문지가 작성되는 데로 바로 수거하였다. 자료 작성 소요시간은 약 15분 이였으며 300부를 배부하여 수집하였고 미수되거나 누락된 자료를 제외한 266부를 최종 분석하여 이용하였다. 정신장애인에 관한 편견의 내용과 정도를 측정하는 도구는 Taylor와 Dear(1981)가 개발한 CAMI(Community attitude toward the mental illness)의 부정적 태도 문항을 기초로 한 것과 Wahl과 Harman(1989)이 개발한 설문지를 김효정(2000)에 의해 수정 보완된 것을 사용하였다. 고등학생 12명을 대상으로 사전조사를 하였고 그 신뢰도 계수는 Cronbach' α는 .7218이다. 최종적으로 사용된 도구의 Cronbach' α는 .8019이다. 수집된 자료는 부호화하여 전산 처리하였으며, SPSS Program을 이용하여 분석하고 통계 처리하였다. 연구 대상의 일반적인 특성은 실수와 백분율을 구하였으며 편견의 내용과 정도는 평균과 표준편차를 산출하였으며 편견의 내용과 정도의 각 영역별 상관관계는 상관분석을 이용하였으며 관계를 파악하기 위하여 Pearson`s r 을 구하였다. 연구 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 편견에 관한 내용과 정도의 차이는 t-test, One-way ANOVA로 분석하였으며 편견이 정신장애인, 정신장애인 가족에게 미치는 영향에 대한 인식, 편견요인 및 편견 해소방법에는 실수와 백분율을 산출하였다. 1. 결론 1) 본 연구의 대상자중 봉사활동경험이 있는 대상자는 63.2%로 과반수의 대상자가 답했으며, 가족 중에 장애인이 있는 대상자는 266명 중 31명으로 11.7%를 차지했고 그 중 정신장애인은 9명으로 3.4%이고, 신체장애인은 22명으로 8.3%이었다. 2) 편견의 내용과 정도에서 전체의 평균은 2.36이고 5가지로 나눈 영역별로 보면 정신질환에 관한 편견이 가장 높게 나왔으며(M=2.55), 가장 낮은 영역은 정신병원에 관한 편견이었다(M=2.14). 영역별 상관관계를 보면 정신장애인에 관한 편견과 정신질환의 치료에 대한 편견은 다른 영역 모두에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나왔고 정신질환에 관한 편견, 정신병원에 관한 편견, 정신장애인 관리와 치료를 위한 정책에 관한 편견은 정신장애인에 관한 편견(F=.293, P=.000)과 정신질환의 치료에 관한 편견(F=.176, P=.004)에 유의한 차이가 있었다. 3) 일반적인 특성에 따른 편견의 내용과 정도의 차이는 연령(F=2.792, P=.027),성별(T=2.206, P=.028), 봉사활동 경험의 유무(T=-2.033, P=.043)에서 통계적으로 유의한 결과를 보였다. 4) 대상자들의 편견이 정신장애인에게 미치는 영향에 대한 인식에서 '장애인의 자존감(자존심)'에 매우 영향을 준다(57.1%)가 가장 높은 점수로 나왔으며 '장애인의 결혼'에 매우 영향을 준다(52.6%)가 그 다음으로 높았으며 그리고 '장애인이 주거지 설정하는데', '장애인의 진학과 관련된 교육 환경에' 낮은 점수가 나왔다. 5) 편견이 정신장애인 가족에게 미치는 영향에 대한 인식보다 장애인에게 미치는 영향이 높게 나왔다. '장애인의 가족이 다른 가족과 유대관계를 형성하는데'에 조금 영향을 준다(54.9%)로 나왔으며 '장애인 가족의 자존감(자존심)'에 조금 영향을 준다(50.4%)로 높은 점수였고 '장애인 가족의 결혼에' 순위로 나왔으며 '장애인 가족구성원과 장애인이 서로 유대관계 하는데' 가 가장 낮은 점수였다. 6) 대상자의 정신장애인에 대한 편견 요인을 보면 '정신장애인들에 의해 일어나는 범죄행위와 관련된 뉴스기사'에 82.7%가 관련 있다라고 답했으며 '일부보호시설의 열악한 환경'이 82.4%가 편견 요인에 관련 있다라고 답해 높은 점수로 나왔으며 'TV드라마나 기타 프로그램에서 나타나는 정신병동의 혼란스럽고 과장된 분위기 연출'에 80.1%의 관련 있음을 보여주고 있다. 7) 정신장애인에 대한 편견 해소방법에 대한 대상자의 반응의 결과를 보면 '가족의 상호지지적이고 협조적인 모습'에 89.9%의 높은 점수로 관련 있다라고 답했으며 '정신질환에 대한 치료적 발전'은 87.3%의 관련 있음을 보여주고 있다. '정신질환에 대한 사실적인 정보제공', '정신병원과 병동의 치료환경개선과 개방화', '대중매체를 통한 회복된 정신장애인의 사례보도 및 정신장애인에 대한 메스컴의 긍정적 보도' 등의 순위로 높게 나왔다. 2. 제언 본 연구의 결과를 기반으로 다음과 같은 제언을 하고자 한다. 1) 청소년의 정신장애인에 대한 편견을 없애기 위한 해소방법의 구체적인 방안에 관한 연구가 필요하다. 2) 정신장애인의 가족이 느끼는 편견과 편견해소방법에 대한 연구가 필요하다
This article is the descriptive research study which has been attempted to recognize the stigma on mentally disabled of young people because it was understood to settle the stigma which hinders the social supporting basis is the important issue, and even currently the number of the hospitalized pati...
This article is the descriptive research study which has been attempted to recognize the stigma on mentally disabled of young people because it was understood to settle the stigma which hinders the social supporting basis is the important issue, and even currently the number of the hospitalized patients is tried to be decreased and the chronic troubled patients are also tried to be reduced, and additionally the mental health law was enacted in 1995, and then the basis for the return-into-society, economical benefit, and employment promotion for disabled people were arranged and carried into effect. As for the data collection, the interview survey materials were distributed in the subject school from 11 March 2002 to 16 March 2002 after directly visiting the school, and those interview survey materials were collected just after they were finished. The period for completing the interview survey materials was about 15 minutes, and 300 pieces of those materials were collected, and 266 piece among them was used after being finally analyzed excluding some materials which were not collected or left out. As for the tool which estimates the content and degree of the stigma on the mentally disabled people, the format which adopted the negative attitude item of CAMI(Community Attitude Toward the Mental Illness) that was developed by Taylor and Dear(1981) as the basis and the format which Kim Hyo-jung(2000) revised and supplemented for the interview survey material which was developed by Wahl and Harman(1989) were used. The advanced research was performed subjecting 12 highschool students, and the reliance coefficient, Cronbach' α was .7218. The Cronbach' α of the finally used tool was .8019. The collected data was coded and electronically treated, and was analyzed and handled statistically by using SPSS program. The general characteristics of the research subject was found by the real number and percentage, the content and degree of the stigma was found by the average and standard variation, and the individual correlated relationship in each the field of the content and degree of the stigma was used by the relating analysis, and in order to recognize the relation, Pearson's r was found. The difference between the content and degree on the stigma according to the general characteristics of the research subject people was analyzed by t-test, One-way ANOVA. Additionally, as for the recognition on the effect which influences the mentally disabled people and family of the mentally disabled people of the stigma, and the settlement way for the stigma factor and stigma itself, the real number and percentage were calculated. 1. Conclusion 1) The subject people who have the voluntary service activity among the subject people for this study was 63.2%, and this was the half of the subject people, and the subject people who have the disabled family member were 31 among 266 subject people, and this was 11.7%, and among them the mentally disabled people were 9, and this was 3.4%, and the physically disabled people were 22, and this was 8.3%. 2) As for the content and degree of the stigma, the total average was 2.36, and when seen in the divided into 5 fields, the stigma on the mental illness was highest(M=2.55), and the lowest field was the stigma on the hospital for mental disease(M=2.14). When examining the correlation in the individual field, the stigma on the mentally disabled people and the stigma on the treatment of the mental illness were shown to influence all the other fields, and the stigma on the mental illness, stigma on the hospital for mental disease, and stigma on the policy for the management and treatment for the mentally disabled people was shown to have the meaningful difference with the stigma on the mentally disabled people (F=.293, P=.000) and stigma on the treatment of the mental disease(F=.176, P=.004) 3) The difference of the content and degree of the stigma according to the general characteristics showed the meaningful result as follows : the age was F=2.792, P=.027, sex was T=2.206, P=.028, and experience of the voluntary service was T=2.033, P=.043 4) In the recognition on the influence on the mentally disabled people of the stigma of the subject people, the most effect on the 'pride of the disabled people' was the highest(57.1%), and the most effect on the 'marriage of the disabled people' was secondly 52.6%, and the most effect on the 'setting up the residence of the disabled people', and 'the educational environment which is related with the entrance into schools' showed the low point. 5) The recognition that the effect of the stigma on the disabled people was shown higher than the effect of the stigma on the family of the mentally disabled people. 54.9% of the answers was that it a little affects 'the establishment of the relation with other family for the family of the disabled people, and 50.4% of the answers was that it a little affects 'the pride of the family of the disabled people, and it was expressed in the order of 'it affects the marriage of the family of the disabled people', and at last 'it affects the establishment of the relation between members of the disabled people and disabled people themselves, it was the lowest point. 6) When examining the factor of the stigma on the mentally disabled people of the subject people, 82.7% of them answered that it is related with the 'news articles which are related with the crimes which are resulted by the mentally disabled people', and 82.4% of them answered that the factors of the stigma are related with 'the bad condition of the some protection facilities', and this was the high point. Additionally, 80.1% of them answered that it is related with 'the chaotic and exaggerated situation production of the hospital for the mental disease which is expressed in the TV drama or other programs. 7) When observing the result of the reaction of the subject people on the settlement method for the stigma on the mentally disabled people, 89.9% of the people answered that it is related with 'the cooperative and mutually supportive figure of the family' with the high points, and 87.3% of them answered that it is related with 'the medical development on the mental disease'. Additionally, as for the other statements, they were shown as the following order : 'realistic information offer on the mental disease', 'improvement and openness of the treatment environment of the hospital for the mental disease and wards', and 'the report of examples of the mentally disabled people who were recovered through the mass media and the positive report of the mass communication on the mentally disabled people' 2. Proposition Based upon the result of this study, the following propositions are arranged. 1) The study on the concrete plan for the settlement method to remove the stigma on the mentally disabled people of the young people is needed. 2) The study on the stigma which the family of the mentally disabled people feel and the settlement method of the stigma is needed.
This article is the descriptive research study which has been attempted to recognize the stigma on mentally disabled of young people because it was understood to settle the stigma which hinders the social supporting basis is the important issue, and even currently the number of the hospitalized patients is tried to be decreased and the chronic troubled patients are also tried to be reduced, and additionally the mental health law was enacted in 1995, and then the basis for the return-into-society, economical benefit, and employment promotion for disabled people were arranged and carried into effect. As for the data collection, the interview survey materials were distributed in the subject school from 11 March 2002 to 16 March 2002 after directly visiting the school, and those interview survey materials were collected just after they were finished. The period for completing the interview survey materials was about 15 minutes, and 300 pieces of those materials were collected, and 266 piece among them was used after being finally analyzed excluding some materials which were not collected or left out. As for the tool which estimates the content and degree of the stigma on the mentally disabled people, the format which adopted the negative attitude item of CAMI(Community Attitude Toward the Mental Illness) that was developed by Taylor and Dear(1981) as the basis and the format which Kim Hyo-jung(2000) revised and supplemented for the interview survey material which was developed by Wahl and Harman(1989) were used. The advanced research was performed subjecting 12 highschool students, and the reliance coefficient, Cronbach' α was .7218. The Cronbach' α of the finally used tool was .8019. The collected data was coded and electronically treated, and was analyzed and handled statistically by using SPSS program. The general characteristics of the research subject was found by the real number and percentage, the content and degree of the stigma was found by the average and standard variation, and the individual correlated relationship in each the field of the content and degree of the stigma was used by the relating analysis, and in order to recognize the relation, Pearson's r was found. The difference between the content and degree on the stigma according to the general characteristics of the research subject people was analyzed by t-test, One-way ANOVA. Additionally, as for the recognition on the effect which influences the mentally disabled people and family of the mentally disabled people of the stigma, and the settlement way for the stigma factor and stigma itself, the real number and percentage were calculated. 1. Conclusion 1) The subject people who have the voluntary service activity among the subject people for this study was 63.2%, and this was the half of the subject people, and the subject people who have the disabled family member were 31 among 266 subject people, and this was 11.7%, and among them the mentally disabled people were 9, and this was 3.4%, and the physically disabled people were 22, and this was 8.3%. 2) As for the content and degree of the stigma, the total average was 2.36, and when seen in the divided into 5 fields, the stigma on the mental illness was highest(M=2.55), and the lowest field was the stigma on the hospital for mental disease(M=2.14). When examining the correlation in the individual field, the stigma on the mentally disabled people and the stigma on the treatment of the mental illness were shown to influence all the other fields, and the stigma on the mental illness, stigma on the hospital for mental disease, and stigma on the policy for the management and treatment for the mentally disabled people was shown to have the meaningful difference with the stigma on the mentally disabled people (F=.293, P=.000) and stigma on the treatment of the mental disease(F=.176, P=.004) 3) The difference of the content and degree of the stigma according to the general characteristics showed the meaningful result as follows : the age was F=2.792, P=.027, sex was T=2.206, P=.028, and experience of the voluntary service was T=2.033, P=.043 4) In the recognition on the influence on the mentally disabled people of the stigma of the subject people, the most effect on the 'pride of the disabled people' was the highest(57.1%), and the most effect on the 'marriage of the disabled people' was secondly 52.6%, and the most effect on the 'setting up the residence of the disabled people', and 'the educational environment which is related with the entrance into schools' showed the low point. 5) The recognition that the effect of the stigma on the disabled people was shown higher than the effect of the stigma on the family of the mentally disabled people. 54.9% of the answers was that it a little affects 'the establishment of the relation with other family for the family of the disabled people, and 50.4% of the answers was that it a little affects 'the pride of the family of the disabled people, and it was expressed in the order of 'it affects the marriage of the family of the disabled people', and at last 'it affects the establishment of the relation between members of the disabled people and disabled people themselves, it was the lowest point. 6) When examining the factor of the stigma on the mentally disabled people of the subject people, 82.7% of them answered that it is related with the 'news articles which are related with the crimes which are resulted by the mentally disabled people', and 82.4% of them answered that the factors of the stigma are related with 'the bad condition of the some protection facilities', and this was the high point. Additionally, 80.1% of them answered that it is related with 'the chaotic and exaggerated situation production of the hospital for the mental disease which is expressed in the TV drama or other programs. 7) When observing the result of the reaction of the subject people on the settlement method for the stigma on the mentally disabled people, 89.9% of the people answered that it is related with 'the cooperative and mutually supportive figure of the family' with the high points, and 87.3% of them answered that it is related with 'the medical development on the mental disease'. Additionally, as for the other statements, they were shown as the following order : 'realistic information offer on the mental disease', 'improvement and openness of the treatment environment of the hospital for the mental disease and wards', and 'the report of examples of the mentally disabled people who were recovered through the mass media and the positive report of the mass communication on the mentally disabled people' 2. Proposition Based upon the result of this study, the following propositions are arranged. 1) The study on the concrete plan for the settlement method to remove the stigma on the mentally disabled people of the young people is needed. 2) The study on the stigma which the family of the mentally disabled people feel and the settlement method of the stigma is needed.
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