In the 21th century, as modern society has gone through a lot of changes in the administrative style throughout the globe because of the complicated situation of information, globalism and the appearance of NEO-liberalism, a lot of new terms has appeared like governance, partnership and non-governme...
In the 21th century, as modern society has gone through a lot of changes in the administrative style throughout the globe because of the complicated situation of information, globalism and the appearance of NEO-liberalism, a lot of new terms has appeared like governance, partnership and non-governmental organization (or non-profit organization). These terms acknowledge first, the limitation of the national adminstration by the government and the mayor and second, the importance of civil society and NGOs's activities as the new partner in the national administration. In the western society where civil society has been developed spontaneously, the organization and activities of NGOs has been done in a very natural way. But the terms to call them are varied: in America they are called as non-profit organization and in Europe, voluntary organization or a third sector. But in Korea civil organizations are usually called as NGOs (non-governmental organization). But we don't translate non-governmental organization literally. We call it civil organization or just NGOs. The NGOs in Korea has not developed properly, compared with those of western society for the formation and development of civil society hasn't been spontaneously made in Korea. But they made a rapid development after 1987 mass struggle and became a central power together with the development of profit organization by enlarging their activities into various areas of social problems Like democratization. They staged dynamic, strong and powerful civilians drive movements and tried to reveal various problems in Korean politics and economy and the frustrations of civil society. It is true that they face various problem like the demands of the high morals about the NGOs, the problems within their organizations, the lack of expertise, the indifference from the civilians, financial difficulties, the lack of regular[full-time] employees and the lack of voluntary supporter etc. The continuing decay of politicians and many absurdities and gates have brought a big burden and disappointments to the civil society. Also our NGOs are left much to be desired in the international solidarity and activities because they have focused on piled issues such as problems of participation in politics, inner problems, the crisis of morals, the disputes concerning the lawfulness of their political activities and many absurdities and gates etc. Moreover, they have very serious financial problems which are key to their independency and autonomy. Though civilians have high interest in the civil organizations, they don't participate in the actual activities. Recruiting new members is not easy and donations to NGOs are very rare. Therefore there have been a lot of problems in activating the civil organizations which need financial independence and autonomy. It is true that their financial independence has not been obtained. In a word, in this country, civil organizations, like the growth of its economy, have developed rapidly relatively for a short time. In fact, they have developed quantitatively but it still hasn't qualitatively. Especially, the causes and role of NGOs have not been confirmed, and the cooperative activities between domestic and international civil organizations are not active. In the relationship between the government and civil organizations, the financial independence and autonomy of NGOs is being challenged. It is caused by the difficulties in recruiting new members because of the lack of interest in NGOs by the civilians, the low rate of payment of the dues from the members and the immature donation culture. The civil organizations require the government's supports to overcome the limitation of activities caused by the lack in the membership fees and donations but it can undermine the independence of NGOs. Therefore, this study focuses on the general aspects of NGOs, the relations between NGOs and government and the relations between NGOs and the civilians and has done a proof analysis based on the materials which analyzes the realities of NGOs in advanced nations and in Korea and the survey about the perspectives of Seoul, Daegu, Daejon, Kwangju civilians about NGOs through questionnaire and telephone survey. The purpose of this study is to analyse the problems in the NGOs themselves, in the relations between the NGOs and the government and in the relations between the NGOs and the civilian and then to suggest the solutions. The purpose of this study is to analyse the problems the problems in NGOs themselves, in the relations between the government and NGOs and in the relations between NGOs and the civilians and then to suggest some solutions about them. In order to attain this purpose, two variables were set about each three aspect. First, the first variable about NGOs themselves is about the role and position of NGOs. So I analyzed their participation in the decision-making process and their morality. The second one is about the mutual solidarity. I analysed the realities of the mutual solidarity among the domestic NGOs and those between the domestic and the international NGOs. Second, the variables about the relations between NGOs and the government are the autonomy and the correlation between NGOs and the government. Finally, the variables about the relations between NGOs and the civilians are concerned about the problems about the participation of the civilians in NGOs. I analyzed the membership enrollment rate, the donation system and the correlations between NGOs and the civilians. Therefore, in this study, I analysed the problems in NGOs themselves, in the relations between the government and NGOs and in the relations between NGOs and the civilians based the materials obtained through the questionnaire survey about the realities of the domestic and international NGOs md then suggested some solutions about them. The problems in the relations between NGOs and the government and the civilians are the lack of the participation by the civilians, the possible encroachment of the autonomy of NGOs because of the poor financial situation, the insecurity of the living of the full-time activists and the lack of experts and the volunteers. They don't have the effective activity tools which are needed for NGOs to perform their role and there still exist the oppressive laws towards the civilians and NGOs. The problems caused by the financial support by the government are the probable deprivation of the autonomy, independency, identity and the characteristics of NGOs such as non-partyism, non-politics and publicity. Therefore, first NGOs activists must recover the morality, the independency and the identity through the democratization and the recovery of their autonomy within NGOs. Also they must have expert knowledge about the directions of their activities, morality and ethical attitudes. They must seek the strong solidarity both domestically and internationally. Second, in the relations between NGOs and the government, the government and the political circles must take a neutral stance for the productive relationship with NGOs. They must try to preserve the independency and the autonomy of NGOs. It is necessary that the laws and the systems which cause an obstacle to the activation of the volunteers and the donation culture should be revised and supplemented. Third, in the relations between NGOs and the civilians, the civilians must show the mature attitudes through the changes of their way of thinking, do an active voluntary work and become the member of NGOs to activate NGOs. In conclusion, when the supplementary and cooperative relationship between NGOs and the government and the cooperative and developmental relationship between NGOs and the civilians are formed, our country can realize the advanced civil society and it eventually help the development of our nation.
In the 21th century, as modern society has gone through a lot of changes in the administrative style throughout the globe because of the complicated situation of information, globalism and the appearance of NEO-liberalism, a lot of new terms has appeared like governance, partnership and non-governmental organization (or non-profit organization). These terms acknowledge first, the limitation of the national adminstration by the government and the mayor and second, the importance of civil society and NGOs's activities as the new partner in the national administration. In the western society where civil society has been developed spontaneously, the organization and activities of NGOs has been done in a very natural way. But the terms to call them are varied: in America they are called as non-profit organization and in Europe, voluntary organization or a third sector. But in Korea civil organizations are usually called as NGOs (non-governmental organization). But we don't translate non-governmental organization literally. We call it civil organization or just NGOs. The NGOs in Korea has not developed properly, compared with those of western society for the formation and development of civil society hasn't been spontaneously made in Korea. But they made a rapid development after 1987 mass struggle and became a central power together with the development of profit organization by enlarging their activities into various areas of social problems Like democratization. They staged dynamic, strong and powerful civilians drive movements and tried to reveal various problems in Korean politics and economy and the frustrations of civil society. It is true that they face various problem like the demands of the high morals about the NGOs, the problems within their organizations, the lack of expertise, the indifference from the civilians, financial difficulties, the lack of regular[full-time] employees and the lack of voluntary supporter etc. The continuing decay of politicians and many absurdities and gates have brought a big burden and disappointments to the civil society. Also our NGOs are left much to be desired in the international solidarity and activities because they have focused on piled issues such as problems of participation in politics, inner problems, the crisis of morals, the disputes concerning the lawfulness of their political activities and many absurdities and gates etc. Moreover, they have very serious financial problems which are key to their independency and autonomy. Though civilians have high interest in the civil organizations, they don't participate in the actual activities. Recruiting new members is not easy and donations to NGOs are very rare. Therefore there have been a lot of problems in activating the civil organizations which need financial independence and autonomy. It is true that their financial independence has not been obtained. In a word, in this country, civil organizations, like the growth of its economy, have developed rapidly relatively for a short time. In fact, they have developed quantitatively but it still hasn't qualitatively. Especially, the causes and role of NGOs have not been confirmed, and the cooperative activities between domestic and international civil organizations are not active. In the relationship between the government and civil organizations, the financial independence and autonomy of NGOs is being challenged. It is caused by the difficulties in recruiting new members because of the lack of interest in NGOs by the civilians, the low rate of payment of the dues from the members and the immature donation culture. The civil organizations require the government's supports to overcome the limitation of activities caused by the lack in the membership fees and donations but it can undermine the independence of NGOs. Therefore, this study focuses on the general aspects of NGOs, the relations between NGOs and government and the relations between NGOs and the civilians and has done a proof analysis based on the materials which analyzes the realities of NGOs in advanced nations and in Korea and the survey about the perspectives of Seoul, Daegu, Daejon, Kwangju civilians about NGOs through questionnaire and telephone survey. The purpose of this study is to analyse the problems in the NGOs themselves, in the relations between the NGOs and the government and in the relations between the NGOs and the civilian and then to suggest the solutions. The purpose of this study is to analyse the problems the problems in NGOs themselves, in the relations between the government and NGOs and in the relations between NGOs and the civilians and then to suggest some solutions about them. In order to attain this purpose, two variables were set about each three aspect. First, the first variable about NGOs themselves is about the role and position of NGOs. So I analyzed their participation in the decision-making process and their morality. The second one is about the mutual solidarity. I analysed the realities of the mutual solidarity among the domestic NGOs and those between the domestic and the international NGOs. Second, the variables about the relations between NGOs and the government are the autonomy and the correlation between NGOs and the government. Finally, the variables about the relations between NGOs and the civilians are concerned about the problems about the participation of the civilians in NGOs. I analyzed the membership enrollment rate, the donation system and the correlations between NGOs and the civilians. Therefore, in this study, I analysed the problems in NGOs themselves, in the relations between the government and NGOs and in the relations between NGOs and the civilians based the materials obtained through the questionnaire survey about the realities of the domestic and international NGOs md then suggested some solutions about them. The problems in the relations between NGOs and the government and the civilians are the lack of the participation by the civilians, the possible encroachment of the autonomy of NGOs because of the poor financial situation, the insecurity of the living of the full-time activists and the lack of experts and the volunteers. They don't have the effective activity tools which are needed for NGOs to perform their role and there still exist the oppressive laws towards the civilians and NGOs. The problems caused by the financial support by the government are the probable deprivation of the autonomy, independency, identity and the characteristics of NGOs such as non-partyism, non-politics and publicity. Therefore, first NGOs activists must recover the morality, the independency and the identity through the democratization and the recovery of their autonomy within NGOs. Also they must have expert knowledge about the directions of their activities, morality and ethical attitudes. They must seek the strong solidarity both domestically and internationally. Second, in the relations between NGOs and the government, the government and the political circles must take a neutral stance for the productive relationship with NGOs. They must try to preserve the independency and the autonomy of NGOs. It is necessary that the laws and the systems which cause an obstacle to the activation of the volunteers and the donation culture should be revised and supplemented. Third, in the relations between NGOs and the civilians, the civilians must show the mature attitudes through the changes of their way of thinking, do an active voluntary work and become the member of NGOs to activate NGOs. In conclusion, when the supplementary and cooperative relationship between NGOs and the government and the cooperative and developmental relationship between NGOs and the civilians are formed, our country can realize the advanced civil society and it eventually help the development of our nation.
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#시민단체 NGO 국민기초생활보장법 시민
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