본 논문에서는 대기 중에 2차 미세먼지 생성에 대한 실측자료와 CMAQ 모델의 농도 비교 및 경향을 파악하기 위해 연구를 하였다. 우리나라 2차 미세먼지 생성은 기상에 대한 영향을 많이 받는 것으로 나타났다.여름철에 강수가 집중되어 겨울철보다 월 평균 태양 복사에너지가 상대적으로 낮기 때문에 여름철 nitrate농도가 겨울철보다 낮게 나타나며, sulfate...
본 논문에서는 대기 중에 2차 미세먼지 생성에 대한 실측자료와 CMAQ 모델의 농도 비교 및 경향을 파악하기 위해 연구를 하였다. 우리나라 2차 미세먼지 생성은 기상에 대한 영향을 많이 받는 것으로 나타났다.여름철에 강수가 집중되어 겨울철보다 월 평균 태양 복사에너지가 상대적으로 낮기 때문에 여름철 nitrate농도가 겨울철보다 낮게 나타나며, sulfate농도는 겨울철보다 높게 나타난다.또한 여름과 겨울철에 ammonium nitrate생성에 HNO₃가 제한물질로 작용하고, sulfate이온은 여름에는 ammonium sulfate로 완전히 중화되고 겨울철에는 대기중에 산성상태를 나타낸다. CMAQ 모델은 측정치와 유사한 패턴을 보이지만 여름철, 겨울철에 각각 NH_(X) 배출량이 과대, 과소평가되어 NH₄^(+) 및 NH₃농도가 실측치와 차이를 보이며, 이것은 모델에 입력된 NH₃배출량의 과대, 과소 입력이 원인이 되었다는 것을 알았다. K.Baker등에 사전 연구로 CMAQ 모델의 여름철, 겨울철 deposition의 과대, 과소 모사특성으로 인한 여름철 SO₂의 과소, 과대평가로 sulfate농도가 여름철에는 낮게, 겨울철에는 높게 나타났다.또한 여름철, 겨울철에 ammonium nirate생성에 NHO₃가 제한물질로 작용하고, sulfate이온은 여름에는 ammonium sulfate로 완전히 중화된다.이는 실측 자료와 다른 결과를 나타내는데, 모델의 NH₃배출량의 과다로 인해 실제 대기 환경인 산성상태를 모사하지 못하는 것으로 나타났다.
본 논문에서는 대기 중에 2차 미세먼지 생성에 대한 실측자료와 CMAQ 모델의 농도 비교 및 경향을 파악하기 위해 연구를 하였다. 우리나라 2차 미세먼지 생성은 기상에 대한 영향을 많이 받는 것으로 나타났다.여름철에 강수가 집중되어 겨울철보다 월 평균 태양 복사에너지가 상대적으로 낮기 때문에 여름철 nitrate농도가 겨울철보다 낮게 나타나며, sulfate농도는 겨울철보다 높게 나타난다.또한 여름과 겨울철에 ammonium nitrate생성에 HNO₃가 제한물질로 작용하고, sulfate이온은 여름에는 ammonium sulfate로 완전히 중화되고 겨울철에는 대기중에 산성상태를 나타낸다. CMAQ 모델은 측정치와 유사한 패턴을 보이지만 여름철, 겨울철에 각각 NH_(X) 배출량이 과대, 과소평가되어 NH₄^(+) 및 NH₃농도가 실측치와 차이를 보이며, 이것은 모델에 입력된 NH₃배출량의 과대, 과소 입력이 원인이 되었다는 것을 알았다. K.Baker등에 사전 연구로 CMAQ 모델의 여름철, 겨울철 deposition의 과대, 과소 모사특성으로 인한 여름철 SO₂의 과소, 과대평가로 sulfate농도가 여름철에는 낮게, 겨울철에는 높게 나타났다.또한 여름철, 겨울철에 ammonium nirate생성에 NHO₃가 제한물질로 작용하고, sulfate이온은 여름에는 ammonium sulfate로 완전히 중화된다.이는 실측 자료와 다른 결과를 나타내는데, 모델의 NH₃배출량의 과다로 인해 실제 대기 환경인 산성상태를 모사하지 못하는 것으로 나타났다.
In respect to our health, PM_(2.5)(particulate matter <2.5μm in diameter) was one of important air pollutants to monitor its level of the exposure. The detailed monitoring network had been already organized to measure PM_(2.5) concentration as well as precursors and chemical compositions of PM_(2.5)...
In respect to our health, PM_(2.5)(particulate matter <2.5μm in diameter) was one of important air pollutants to monitor its level of the exposure. The detailed monitoring network had been already organized to measure PM_(2.5) concentration as well as precursors and chemical compositions of PM_(2.5) by local government. Since the secondary aerosols of PM_(2.5) consisted of more than 50% according to monitoring results, this study was carried out to understand the formation mechanism of secondary aerosols using WRF/SOMKE/CMAQ modeling by comparing with the monitored results. There was a good agreement between the predicted and monitored total PM_(2.5) concentrations. Several indicators(Total sulfate, Total nitrate, NH_(X), NH₃, NH₄^(+), HNO₃, SO₄^(2-), NO₃^(-), Excess ammonia, and DON) to identify the formation mechanism of secondary aerosols were presented and evaluated using the ambient monitoring data and CMAQ model output. HNO₃ appeared to be systematically overestimated during Summer season and underestimated during Winter season. Total sulfate appeared to be underestimated during Summer season and overestimated during Winter season while total nitrate was overestimated during all period of this study. The results of model and ambient measurements agreed that nitric acid was a limiting component for PM_(2.5) for the nitrate formation during Summer season. Sulfate in PM_(2.5) was fully neutralized to ammonium sulfate in ambient measurements as well as in model predictions during Summer season. However, the sulfate was not fully neutralized to ammonium sulfate in ambient measurements during Winter season, while the model predicted full neutralization of ammonium sulfate. The discrepancy between the observation & predictions was partially due to overestimation of NH₃ emission used in CMAQ modeling.
In respect to our health, PM_(2.5)(particulate matter <2.5μm in diameter) was one of important air pollutants to monitor its level of the exposure. The detailed monitoring network had been already organized to measure PM_(2.5) concentration as well as precursors and chemical compositions of PM_(2.5) by local government. Since the secondary aerosols of PM_(2.5) consisted of more than 50% according to monitoring results, this study was carried out to understand the formation mechanism of secondary aerosols using WRF/SOMKE/CMAQ modeling by comparing with the monitored results. There was a good agreement between the predicted and monitored total PM_(2.5) concentrations. Several indicators(Total sulfate, Total nitrate, NH_(X), NH₃, NH₄^(+), HNO₃, SO₄^(2-), NO₃^(-), Excess ammonia, and DON) to identify the formation mechanism of secondary aerosols were presented and evaluated using the ambient monitoring data and CMAQ model output. HNO₃ appeared to be systematically overestimated during Summer season and underestimated during Winter season. Total sulfate appeared to be underestimated during Summer season and overestimated during Winter season while total nitrate was overestimated during all period of this study. The results of model and ambient measurements agreed that nitric acid was a limiting component for PM_(2.5) for the nitrate formation during Summer season. Sulfate in PM_(2.5) was fully neutralized to ammonium sulfate in ambient measurements as well as in model predictions during Summer season. However, the sulfate was not fully neutralized to ammonium sulfate in ambient measurements during Winter season, while the model predicted full neutralization of ammonium sulfate. The discrepancy between the observation & predictions was partially due to overestimation of NH₃ emission used in CMAQ modeling.
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