Abstract
Job Stress and Coping Patterns of Nurses working in Recovery Room
This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study, of which purposes were: to grasp the factors and degrees of job stress experienced by recovery room nurses; to grope for adaptive behaviors to cope with stress...
Abstract
Job Stress and Coping Patterns of Nurses working in Recovery Room
This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study, of which purposes were: to grasp the factors and degrees of job stress experienced by recovery room nurses; to grope for adaptive behaviors to cope with stress; and to analyze job stress by domains and according to recovery room nurses' general characteristics, and differences in their stress-coping patterns; and thus to provide basic data which are useful in preparing stress-coping patterns with which nurses can cope with stress efficiently.
For the job stress factors, an instrument of 64 questions in 15 domains (Chronbach's=0.955) was used, which was re-constructed after 3 questions were excluded from and 4 questions were added to the self-reported questionnaire developed by Kim and Gu(1984). For the stress-coping patterns, an instrument of 6 domains (Chronbach's α= 0.804), which was developed, modified, and complemented by Han and Oh(1990), was used. The subjects of this study were 110 registered nurses working in three recovery rooms of a general hospital and had three months or more working experience. All of the empirical analyses of this study were tested at significance level of p < .05; and the data was analyzed using the SPSS WIN 12.0 program.
The summary of this study is as follows:
The recovery room nurses' mean scores of stress were measured with the 5-point full marks(M=3.35 points); and the degree of job stress by domains experienced by the recovery room nurses was highest in the item of conflict in nurse-doctor relationship(3.79 points), followed by the items of night duty(3.64 points) and responsibility for extra affairs(3.56 points). The mean scores of the recovery room nurses' coping strategies were measured with the 5-point full marks(M=3.33 points); and the degree of the recovery room nurses' stress-coping pattern by domains was highest in the problem-focused coping(3.79 points), followed by the positive view point(3.58 points) and the social support exploration(3.50 points). As for general characteristics, it was found that they generally experi- enced high job stress in case of no religion(M=3.40, SD=.497), a bad state of health(M=3.46, SD=.342), and low job satisfaction(M=3.57, SD=.761). Also, they used stress-coping patterns often in case of satisfying with their work(M=3.78, SD=.453) and engaging in hobby activities(M=3.39, SD=.356). It was found that the recovery room nurses' job stressors and stress-coping patterns had the positive relationship(r=.328), and that the higher job stress, the more often they used the coping patterns.
As for effects of the recovery room nurses' general characteristics and stressors on the stress-coping patterns, the longer the nurses' experience(r=.212), the more generally they used the problem-focused coping pattern; and the lower job satisfaction(r=-.227), the more often they used the coping pattern of indifference, and also the unmarr- ied(r=-.221) used the coping pattern of indifference more often. Also, it was found that, in case there was no specified rosette(r=.326), they often used the stress-coping pattern of tension relaxation. That is older nurses who had high job satisfaction and long experience at the recovery room used the problem-focused coping pattern, whereas younger nurses who had short experience at the recovery room used mostly the coping patterns of indifference and tension relaxation. Problem-focused coping patterns would be more necessary as conte- mplating a problem and finding its solution or seeking a superior's advice, rather than negative coping tendencies such as avoiding the problem whenever feeling stressed. Therefore, management strategies on the level of the ward, through an individual interview with a senior nurse whose job satisfaction is high, would be greatly helpful for nurses who use the coping pattern of indifference to turn to involving the problem-focused coping patterns or positive coping patterns.
The recovery room nurses showed the highest stress in the item of conflict in nurse-doctor relationship. Therefore, it is deemed that nurses' competence should be enhanced through strengthening their expert techniques and judgmental skills by continuous education and their participation in it, strengthening the assertive training, and educating them for the improvement of their communication skills. In addition to such individual efforts, it will be also necessary for a hospital to prepare channels for listening to suggestions and opinions and hearing nurses' job difficulties firsthand, and to accept nurses' suggestions lest they receive unfair treatment from doctors.
Abstract
Job Stress and Coping Patterns of Nurses working in Recovery Room
This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study, of which purposes were: to grasp the factors and degrees of job stress experienced by recovery room nurses; to grope for adaptive behaviors to cope with stress; and to analyze job stress by domains and according to recovery room nurses' general characteristics, and differences in their stress-coping patterns; and thus to provide basic data which are useful in preparing stress-coping patterns with which nurses can cope with stress efficiently.
For the job stress factors, an instrument of 64 questions in 15 domains (Chronbach's=0.955) was used, which was re-constructed after 3 questions were excluded from and 4 questions were added to the self-reported questionnaire developed by Kim and Gu(1984). For the stress-coping patterns, an instrument of 6 domains (Chronbach's α= 0.804), which was developed, modified, and complemented by Han and Oh(1990), was used. The subjects of this study were 110 registered nurses working in three recovery rooms of a general hospital and had three months or more working experience. All of the empirical analyses of this study were tested at significance level of p < .05; and the data was analyzed using the SPSS WIN 12.0 program.
The summary of this study is as follows:
The recovery room nurses' mean scores of stress were measured with the 5-point full marks(M=3.35 points); and the degree of job stress by domains experienced by the recovery room nurses was highest in the item of conflict in nurse-doctor relationship(3.79 points), followed by the items of night duty(3.64 points) and responsibility for extra affairs(3.56 points). The mean scores of the recovery room nurses' coping strategies were measured with the 5-point full marks(M=3.33 points); and the degree of the recovery room nurses' stress-coping pattern by domains was highest in the problem-focused coping(3.79 points), followed by the positive view point(3.58 points) and the social support exploration(3.50 points). As for general characteristics, it was found that they generally experi- enced high job stress in case of no religion(M=3.40, SD=.497), a bad state of health(M=3.46, SD=.342), and low job satisfaction(M=3.57, SD=.761). Also, they used stress-coping patterns often in case of satisfying with their work(M=3.78, SD=.453) and engaging in hobby activities(M=3.39, SD=.356). It was found that the recovery room nurses' job stressors and stress-coping patterns had the positive relationship(r=.328), and that the higher job stress, the more often they used the coping patterns.
As for effects of the recovery room nurses' general characteristics and stressors on the stress-coping patterns, the longer the nurses' experience(r=.212), the more generally they used the problem-focused coping pattern; and the lower job satisfaction(r=-.227), the more often they used the coping pattern of indifference, and also the unmarr- ied(r=-.221) used the coping pattern of indifference more often. Also, it was found that, in case there was no specified rosette(r=.326), they often used the stress-coping pattern of tension relaxation. That is older nurses who had high job satisfaction and long experience at the recovery room used the problem-focused coping pattern, whereas younger nurses who had short experience at the recovery room used mostly the coping patterns of indifference and tension relaxation. Problem-focused coping patterns would be more necessary as conte- mplating a problem and finding its solution or seeking a superior's advice, rather than negative coping tendencies such as avoiding the problem whenever feeling stressed. Therefore, management strategies on the level of the ward, through an individual interview with a senior nurse whose job satisfaction is high, would be greatly helpful for nurses who use the coping pattern of indifference to turn to involving the problem-focused coping patterns or positive coping patterns.
The recovery room nurses showed the highest stress in the item of conflict in nurse-doctor relationship. Therefore, it is deemed that nurses' competence should be enhanced through strengthening their expert techniques and judgmental skills by continuous education and their participation in it, strengthening the assertive training, and educating them for the improvement of their communication skills. In addition to such individual efforts, it will be also necessary for a hospital to prepare channels for listening to suggestions and opinions and hearing nurses' job difficulties firsthand, and to accept nurses' suggestions lest they receive unfair treatment from doctors.
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