Obesity is mainly caused by an imbalance between the intake and expenditure of energy. A prolonged obese state is implicated in a variety of disease such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and even certain cancers. Akebia quinata D. is a twining vine, which widely inhabits in temperate eastern A...
Obesity is mainly caused by an imbalance between the intake and expenditure of energy. A prolonged obese state is implicated in a variety of disease such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and even certain cancers. Akebia quinata D. is a twining vine, which widely inhabits in temperate eastern Asia. A. quinata, especially stem, has been used as one of important materials for oriental medicine. In the present study, the anti-obese effects of extracts from A. quinata leaves in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and mice induced by high-fat diet. A. quinata was extracted with hot water (AQH) and 80% ethanol (AQE). The cell viability of each extract indicated that the safety levels were 50 ㎍/mL in AQH and 5 ㎍/mL in AQE, respectively. The lipid accumulation was significantly reduced in both AQH 50 ㎍/mL and AQE 5 ㎍/mL at the early stage (3rd day after differentiation) of 3T3-L1 adipocyte, while lipid accumulation was significantly reduced in only AQE 5 ㎍/mL group at the late stage (9th day after differentiation), compared with the control group. The intracellular TG content and free glycerol content were significantly reduced in AQE 5 ㎍/mL compared with the control group. The glucose uptake level was significantly decreased in both AQH 50 ㎍/mL and AQE 5 ㎍/mL groups compared with the control group. Futhermore, AQE suppressed the mRNA abundance of the adipogenesis-related transcription factor such as PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ), C/EBPα (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α), aP2 (adipocyte protein 2). Toxicity test of AQE in mice, there were no significant changes in the body weights and organ weights between normal control and sample treated groups. The serum ALT and AST levels showed no toxicity up to 1 g/kg/day. There was no toxicity within the limit of 1 g/kg/day of AQE. This study evaluated anti-obese effects of AQE in high-fat diet induced mice. Mice were fed a normal diet (NC), high-fat diet (HFD) or HFD with 60 mg/kg/day of orlistat, 200 mg/kg/day of AQE, or 600 mg/kg/day of AQE (HFD-RF, HFD-AL, and HFD-AH, respectively) for 5 weeks. The body weights decreased in the both HFD-RF and HFD-AH groups compared with the HFD group. The weight of epididymal white adipose tissue in the HFD-RF, HFD-AL, and HFD-AH groups were significantly decreased compared with the HFD group. The weight of perirenal white adipose tissue in the HFD-AH group was significantly decreased compared with the HFD group. The serum triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol levels were not significantly different among all groups. The HFD-AH group showed lower mRNA levels of adipogenesis-related genes, such as PPARγ, C/EBPα, and aP2, than the HFD group. These results suggest that 80% ethanolic extract of A. quinata leaves may be useful source as a natural anti-obese agent.
Obesity is mainly caused by an imbalance between the intake and expenditure of energy. A prolonged obese state is implicated in a variety of disease such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and even certain cancers. Akebia quinata D. is a twining vine, which widely inhabits in temperate eastern Asia. A. quinata, especially stem, has been used as one of important materials for oriental medicine. In the present study, the anti-obese effects of extracts from A. quinata leaves in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and mice induced by high-fat diet. A. quinata was extracted with hot water (AQH) and 80% ethanol (AQE). The cell viability of each extract indicated that the safety levels were 50 ㎍/mL in AQH and 5 ㎍/mL in AQE, respectively. The lipid accumulation was significantly reduced in both AQH 50 ㎍/mL and AQE 5 ㎍/mL at the early stage (3rd day after differentiation) of 3T3-L1 adipocyte, while lipid accumulation was significantly reduced in only AQE 5 ㎍/mL group at the late stage (9th day after differentiation), compared with the control group. The intracellular TG content and free glycerol content were significantly reduced in AQE 5 ㎍/mL compared with the control group. The glucose uptake level was significantly decreased in both AQH 50 ㎍/mL and AQE 5 ㎍/mL groups compared with the control group. Futhermore, AQE suppressed the mRNA abundance of the adipogenesis-related transcription factor such as PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ), C/EBPα (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α), aP2 (adipocyte protein 2). Toxicity test of AQE in mice, there were no significant changes in the body weights and organ weights between normal control and sample treated groups. The serum ALT and AST levels showed no toxicity up to 1 g/kg/day. There was no toxicity within the limit of 1 g/kg/day of AQE. This study evaluated anti-obese effects of AQE in high-fat diet induced mice. Mice were fed a normal diet (NC), high-fat diet (HFD) or HFD with 60 mg/kg/day of orlistat, 200 mg/kg/day of AQE, or 600 mg/kg/day of AQE (HFD-RF, HFD-AL, and HFD-AH, respectively) for 5 weeks. The body weights decreased in the both HFD-RF and HFD-AH groups compared with the HFD group. The weight of epididymal white adipose tissue in the HFD-RF, HFD-AL, and HFD-AH groups were significantly decreased compared with the HFD group. The weight of perirenal white adipose tissue in the HFD-AH group was significantly decreased compared with the HFD group. The serum triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol levels were not significantly different among all groups. The HFD-AH group showed lower mRNA levels of adipogenesis-related genes, such as PPARγ, C/EBPα, and aP2, than the HFD group. These results suggest that 80% ethanolic extract of A. quinata leaves may be useful source as a natural anti-obese agent.
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#Anti-obese
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