With dramatic development of biotechnology, Living Modified Organisms (LMO) rises as an alternative for solving various problems faced by human beings such as food, medical care, environment, and lack of energy. However, it is also true that LMO is concerned from its negative effects to human body a...
With dramatic development of biotechnology, Living Modified Organisms (LMO) rises as an alternative for solving various problems faced by human beings such as food, medical care, environment, and lack of energy. However, it is also true that LMO is concerned from its negative effects to human body and environment. In order to prevent potential risks of LMO to human body and environment in advance, Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety was adopted and has been internationally enforced since September, 2003 and LMO act has been also enforced in Korea since January, 2008. Thus, this study researched and analyzed understanding level and policy enforcement of LMO act and system for LMO researchers and safety managers. And it was intended to draw methods for early settlement of LMO safety management system and efficiency improvement of major policy means. This study performed an online survey to draw methods to improve efficiency of LMO safety management's system and policy for trials and research for 1,278 persons in 332 institutes handling LMO for trials and research from December 3, 2013 to December 23, 2013. Among total 265 respondents, 230 persons excluding 35 inadequate respondents were finally analyzed. The questionnaire comprised: ① general conditions including sex, job background, and department, ② awareness of LMO act and system,③ spread of culture including education for enforcement of LMO act and system, ④ awareness of bio-safety area for only researchers, and⑤ support degree of safety management policy for systematization and efficiency of LMO act. “Methods for activation of LMO safety education” obtained by this study include: 1) expansion of specialized education including job and handling LMO and training of LMO special trainers are needed to improve effects of the safety education, 2) policy development and improvement of public relations to raise necessity of voluntary participation in the education, 3) improvement of education requirement level through proper enforcement of act such as penalty imposition, 4) unification of safety management through assignment of specific department for each institute to solve education blind spots, and 5) Development and interest on specific education program corresponding to LMO safety of female researchers because their level is high for an awareness and education requirement related with LMO safety. Next, results of analysis on “methods to improve policy efficiency of LMO safety management system” are as follows. First, performance rate for the LMO act in actual research field is lower in spite of its higher understanding, so consideration of methods to solve the difference is needed. Second, appointment of safety manager specialized biosafety is urgent for settlement of biosafety management including LMO. Third, it is found that awareness of act and systems in the field - where regulations of safety management such as penalty imposition are performed - is higher. Forth, it is considered that conditions of research field for performance of LMO policy are constructed due to higher risk recognition level for LMO including Grade 2 LMO research institute. Fifth, as there is no great difference in education effect, public relations, and policy understanding effect by workplaces and positions, performance of differentiated policy is not required. This study has considerable meaning as the Korea first systematic research and analysis study on LMO safety management, but also has limits: First, it was overall present condition investigation and policy analysis, so comparative analysis focused by particular projects was not accomplished. Second, participation of researchers in the research field was not sufficient in set-up and participation of research samples. Third, although foreign legal system associated with LMO safety were sufficiently suggested, particular policy performance wasn't.
With dramatic development of biotechnology, Living Modified Organisms (LMO) rises as an alternative for solving various problems faced by human beings such as food, medical care, environment, and lack of energy. However, it is also true that LMO is concerned from its negative effects to human body and environment. In order to prevent potential risks of LMO to human body and environment in advance, Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety was adopted and has been internationally enforced since September, 2003 and LMO act has been also enforced in Korea since January, 2008. Thus, this study researched and analyzed understanding level and policy enforcement of LMO act and system for LMO researchers and safety managers. And it was intended to draw methods for early settlement of LMO safety management system and efficiency improvement of major policy means. This study performed an online survey to draw methods to improve efficiency of LMO safety management's system and policy for trials and research for 1,278 persons in 332 institutes handling LMO for trials and research from December 3, 2013 to December 23, 2013. Among total 265 respondents, 230 persons excluding 35 inadequate respondents were finally analyzed. The questionnaire comprised: ① general conditions including sex, job background, and department, ② awareness of LMO act and system,③ spread of culture including education for enforcement of LMO act and system, ④ awareness of bio-safety area for only researchers, and⑤ support degree of safety management policy for systematization and efficiency of LMO act. “Methods for activation of LMO safety education” obtained by this study include: 1) expansion of specialized education including job and handling LMO and training of LMO special trainers are needed to improve effects of the safety education, 2) policy development and improvement of public relations to raise necessity of voluntary participation in the education, 3) improvement of education requirement level through proper enforcement of act such as penalty imposition, 4) unification of safety management through assignment of specific department for each institute to solve education blind spots, and 5) Development and interest on specific education program corresponding to LMO safety of female researchers because their level is high for an awareness and education requirement related with LMO safety. Next, results of analysis on “methods to improve policy efficiency of LMO safety management system” are as follows. First, performance rate for the LMO act in actual research field is lower in spite of its higher understanding, so consideration of methods to solve the difference is needed. Second, appointment of safety manager specialized biosafety is urgent for settlement of biosafety management including LMO. Third, it is found that awareness of act and systems in the field - where regulations of safety management such as penalty imposition are performed - is higher. Forth, it is considered that conditions of research field for performance of LMO policy are constructed due to higher risk recognition level for LMO including Grade 2 LMO research institute. Fifth, as there is no great difference in education effect, public relations, and policy understanding effect by workplaces and positions, performance of differentiated policy is not required. This study has considerable meaning as the Korea first systematic research and analysis study on LMO safety management, but also has limits: First, it was overall present condition investigation and policy analysis, so comparative analysis focused by particular projects was not accomplished. Second, participation of researchers in the research field was not sufficient in set-up and participation of research samples. Third, although foreign legal system associated with LMO safety were sufficiently suggested, particular policy performance wasn't.
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