본 연구는 포천지역 초등학생 5, 6학년 209명을 대상으로 가정 내 식사에서 공식자 유무에 따라 가족식사군, 혼자식사군, 결식군으로 식사유형을 구분하여 아동의 아침 및 저녁 식사실태를 조사하였고, 식사유형에 따른 아동의 식사행동, 식사예절 및 균형식 실천 정도를 비교하여 관련성을 파악하고자 실시하였다. 조사대상 아동의 가족 수는 평균 4.4±0.9(2~7)명 이었고, 아버지와 어머니 연령은 40~49세가 67.2%, 59.8%로 가장 많았으며, 아버지 직업은 생산, 기능직이 30.4%, 어머니 직업은 전업주부가 40.7%로 가장...
본 연구는 포천지역 초등학생 5, 6학년 209명을 대상으로 가정 내 식사에서 공식자 유무에 따라 가족식사군, 혼자식사군, 결식군으로 식사유형을 구분하여 아동의 아침 및 저녁 식사실태를 조사하였고, 식사유형에 따른 아동의 식사행동, 식사예절 및 균형식 실천 정도를 비교하여 관련성을 파악하고자 실시하였다. 조사대상 아동의 가족 수는 평균 4.4±0.9(2~7)명 이었고, 아버지와 어머니 연령은 40~49세가 67.2%, 59.8%로 가장 많았으며, 아버지 직업은 생산, 기능직이 30.4%, 어머니 직업은 전업주부가 40.7%로 가장 높았다. 아동의 아침식사 결식률은 평균 26.3% 이었고, 아침식사의 공식자로는 형제가 가장 높았으며, 그 다음은 어머니 > 아버지의 순이었다. 저녁식사의 결식률은 평균 6.2% 이었고, 저녁식사의 공식자로는 형제 > 어머니 > 아버지의 순으로 높게 나타났다. 아동의 결식이유로 아침식사는 ‘시간이 없어서’가 60.0%, 저녁식사는 ‘배가 고프지 않아서’가 53.8%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 온 가족이 함께 식사를 하지 못한 이유는 아침, 저녁식사 모두 ‘바빠서’가 41.9%, 42.7%로 가장 높았고, 가정의 식사준비자는 어머니가 83.7%이었다. 가족식사의 중요도에 대한 인식은 가족식사군이 혼자식사군과 결식군 보다 가족식사를 중요하게 생각하는 경향을 보였고(p<0.05), 식사시 즐거움에 대한 평가는 가족식사군이 가장 높았다(p<0.05). 가족식사군의 식사행동으로는 가족들과 대화를 하면서 식사하는 비율이 높았고, 결식군은 TV나 책을 보면서 식사하는 비율이 유의하게 높았다(p<0.001). 식사예절은 30점 만점에 평균 23.47±3.42점으로 여자가 남자보다 식사예절 점수가 높았고(p<0.05), 가족식사군(23.69±3.37점), 혼자식사군(22.95±2.64점), 결식군(21.31±4.52점)의 순으로 높게 나타났으며, 그 차이는 유의하였다(p<0.05). 균형식 실천 정도는 50점 만점에 평균 34.46±4.77점으로 가족식사군의 균형식 실천 정도가 가장 좋았다. 편식하는 아동은 69.4%로 결식군 > 혼자식사군 > 가족식사군의 순으로 높게 나타났으며, 편식하는 이유로는 ‘입맛에 맞지 않아서’가 83.4%이었다. 개선해야 될 식습관은 편식 > 불규칙한 식사시간 > 인스턴트식품의 잦은 섭취의 순으로 높았으며(p<0.05), 식생활을 관리해야 하는 이유로는 성장발육 > 몸의 활력 > 정상체중 유지의 순으로 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 식습관에 가장 크게 영향을 미치는 요인을 부모라고 응답한 아동이 30.6%이었고, 가족식사군이 혼자식사군, 결식군에 비해 높게 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때, 가족식사군의 아동이 혼자식사군과 결식군 아동에 비해 식사행동이 가장 좋았고, 식사예절이 양호하였다. 이는 가족식사 자리에서의 자연스럽게 배우게 되는 지식습득과 교육의 차이라 사료된다. 따라서 가정과 학교에서는 가족식사군의 증가를 위하여 초등학생을 대상으로 가족식사의 장점과 혼자식사 및 결식의 문제점 등에 관하여 영양교육을 실시하고, 더불어 올바른 지식과 정확한 정보를 제공하여 아동의 균형식 실천정도 또한 높일 수 있도록 식생활교육을 활성화 할 수 있는 방안을 모색하여야 하겠다.
본 연구는 포천지역 초등학생 5, 6학년 209명을 대상으로 가정 내 식사에서 공식자 유무에 따라 가족식사군, 혼자식사군, 결식군으로 식사유형을 구분하여 아동의 아침 및 저녁 식사실태를 조사하였고, 식사유형에 따른 아동의 식사행동, 식사예절 및 균형식 실천 정도를 비교하여 관련성을 파악하고자 실시하였다. 조사대상 아동의 가족 수는 평균 4.4±0.9(2~7)명 이었고, 아버지와 어머니 연령은 40~49세가 67.2%, 59.8%로 가장 많았으며, 아버지 직업은 생산, 기능직이 30.4%, 어머니 직업은 전업주부가 40.7%로 가장 높았다. 아동의 아침식사 결식률은 평균 26.3% 이었고, 아침식사의 공식자로는 형제가 가장 높았으며, 그 다음은 어머니 > 아버지의 순이었다. 저녁식사의 결식률은 평균 6.2% 이었고, 저녁식사의 공식자로는 형제 > 어머니 > 아버지의 순으로 높게 나타났다. 아동의 결식이유로 아침식사는 ‘시간이 없어서’가 60.0%, 저녁식사는 ‘배가 고프지 않아서’가 53.8%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 온 가족이 함께 식사를 하지 못한 이유는 아침, 저녁식사 모두 ‘바빠서’가 41.9%, 42.7%로 가장 높았고, 가정의 식사준비자는 어머니가 83.7%이었다. 가족식사의 중요도에 대한 인식은 가족식사군이 혼자식사군과 결식군 보다 가족식사를 중요하게 생각하는 경향을 보였고(p<0.05), 식사시 즐거움에 대한 평가는 가족식사군이 가장 높았다(p<0.05). 가족식사군의 식사행동으로는 가족들과 대화를 하면서 식사하는 비율이 높았고, 결식군은 TV나 책을 보면서 식사하는 비율이 유의하게 높았다(p<0.001). 식사예절은 30점 만점에 평균 23.47±3.42점으로 여자가 남자보다 식사예절 점수가 높았고(p<0.05), 가족식사군(23.69±3.37점), 혼자식사군(22.95±2.64점), 결식군(21.31±4.52점)의 순으로 높게 나타났으며, 그 차이는 유의하였다(p<0.05). 균형식 실천 정도는 50점 만점에 평균 34.46±4.77점으로 가족식사군의 균형식 실천 정도가 가장 좋았다. 편식하는 아동은 69.4%로 결식군 > 혼자식사군 > 가족식사군의 순으로 높게 나타났으며, 편식하는 이유로는 ‘입맛에 맞지 않아서’가 83.4%이었다. 개선해야 될 식습관은 편식 > 불규칙한 식사시간 > 인스턴트식품의 잦은 섭취의 순으로 높았으며(p<0.05), 식생활을 관리해야 하는 이유로는 성장발육 > 몸의 활력 > 정상체중 유지의 순으로 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 식습관에 가장 크게 영향을 미치는 요인을 부모라고 응답한 아동이 30.6%이었고, 가족식사군이 혼자식사군, 결식군에 비해 높게 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때, 가족식사군의 아동이 혼자식사군과 결식군 아동에 비해 식사행동이 가장 좋았고, 식사예절이 양호하였다. 이는 가족식사 자리에서의 자연스럽게 배우게 되는 지식습득과 교육의 차이라 사료된다. 따라서 가정과 학교에서는 가족식사군의 증가를 위하여 초등학생을 대상으로 가족식사의 장점과 혼자식사 및 결식의 문제점 등에 관하여 영양교육을 실시하고, 더불어 올바른 지식과 정확한 정보를 제공하여 아동의 균형식 실천정도 또한 높일 수 있도록 식생활교육을 활성화 할 수 있는 방안을 모색하여야 하겠다.
The subjects of the study were 5th and 6th grade of the elementary school, 209 students in Pocheon city. They were classified by the existence of the people who have a meal together in the family with the group of family meal, the group of the people who have a meal alone, and the group of the peopl...
The subjects of the study were 5th and 6th grade of the elementary school, 209 students in Pocheon city. They were classified by the existence of the people who have a meal together in the family with the group of family meal, the group of the people who have a meal alone, and the group of the people who have skipped meal. For the purpose of the study, the relevance was analyzed with the comparison of the behavior, table manners, and practicing a balanced diet. The average number of the family was 4.4±0.9 (2~7). Majority rate of the parent’s age was 40~49 which was 67.2% for the mothers and 59.8% for the fathers. A major occupation of the fathers was technical work which was 30.4%. A major occupation of the mothers was housewife with the percentage, 40.7%. The average breakfast skipping rate was 26.3%. In case of the brothers, of the people who have a meal together in the family highest. The average rate about having no dinner was 6.2% and the brothers, of the people who have a meal together in the family highest. The reason of having no breakfast was they did not have the time and the rate was 60.0%. The reason of having no dinner was they did not hungry and the rate was 53.8%. The main reason why they did not have a meal together was they were busy to have the breakfast (41.9) or the dinner (42.7%). The person who prepares a meal was mainly the mothers with the percentage, 83.7%. For the importance about the family meal by each type of the dinner, the rate of the children who think that it is important was 64.1%. The rate of the family meal group was higher than the group of the people who have a meal alone and the group of the people who have no meal (p<0.05). About the behavior when the family had a meal, a meal with the conversation between the family members which was the group of the people who have a meal with the family was 64.1% (p<0.001). In the evaluation of the enjoyment for a meal, the children who think that it is fun were 53.7%. The family meal group had the highest rate, 53.7% (p<0.05). About the table manners, the female had better than the male with the average point of 23.47±3.42 out of 30 points (p<0.05). There was a meaningful difference in the family meal group, the group of people who have a meal alone, and the group of people who have no meal in order (p<0.05). The average percentage of the balanced meal was 34.46±4.77 out of 50 points. The family meal group had the good balanced meal. The children who have unbalanced diet were 69.4%. It happened in the group of the people who have no meal, the group of people who have a meal alone, and the family meal group in order. The main reason of the unbalanced diet was it did not suit with their taste with the rate, 83.4%. Generally, the parents had the highest rate, 30.6%. The eating habits which were required to be changed happened in the situation of unbalanced diet, irregular mealtime, and having instant food frequently in order (p<0.05). The recognition of the was required for physical development, energy supply, and keeping the normal weight in order (p<0.05). In conclusion, the group of people who have family meal had better eating habits and table manners than the group of people who have a meal alone and the group of people who have no meal. It is necessary to recognize the importance of the family meal by the family members and also, the time for the conversation between the family members to be close together is required. To decrease the rate of the children who have unbalanced diet, the increasing rate of family meal group and the effort of the parents are necessary. Also, following the effect from the double income family and the nuclear family, the teacher in charge and the dietitians have to provide nutrition education to help them to have the proper and exact information so that they can have should provide.
The subjects of the study were 5th and 6th grade of the elementary school, 209 students in Pocheon city. They were classified by the existence of the people who have a meal together in the family with the group of family meal, the group of the people who have a meal alone, and the group of the people who have skipped meal. For the purpose of the study, the relevance was analyzed with the comparison of the behavior, table manners, and practicing a balanced diet. The average number of the family was 4.4±0.9 (2~7). Majority rate of the parent’s age was 40~49 which was 67.2% for the mothers and 59.8% for the fathers. A major occupation of the fathers was technical work which was 30.4%. A major occupation of the mothers was housewife with the percentage, 40.7%. The average breakfast skipping rate was 26.3%. In case of the brothers, of the people who have a meal together in the family highest. The average rate about having no dinner was 6.2% and the brothers, of the people who have a meal together in the family highest. The reason of having no breakfast was they did not have the time and the rate was 60.0%. The reason of having no dinner was they did not hungry and the rate was 53.8%. The main reason why they did not have a meal together was they were busy to have the breakfast (41.9) or the dinner (42.7%). The person who prepares a meal was mainly the mothers with the percentage, 83.7%. For the importance about the family meal by each type of the dinner, the rate of the children who think that it is important was 64.1%. The rate of the family meal group was higher than the group of the people who have a meal alone and the group of the people who have no meal (p<0.05). About the behavior when the family had a meal, a meal with the conversation between the family members which was the group of the people who have a meal with the family was 64.1% (p<0.001). In the evaluation of the enjoyment for a meal, the children who think that it is fun were 53.7%. The family meal group had the highest rate, 53.7% (p<0.05). About the table manners, the female had better than the male with the average point of 23.47±3.42 out of 30 points (p<0.05). There was a meaningful difference in the family meal group, the group of people who have a meal alone, and the group of people who have no meal in order (p<0.05). The average percentage of the balanced meal was 34.46±4.77 out of 50 points. The family meal group had the good balanced meal. The children who have unbalanced diet were 69.4%. It happened in the group of the people who have no meal, the group of people who have a meal alone, and the family meal group in order. The main reason of the unbalanced diet was it did not suit with their taste with the rate, 83.4%. Generally, the parents had the highest rate, 30.6%. The eating habits which were required to be changed happened in the situation of unbalanced diet, irregular mealtime, and having instant food frequently in order (p<0.05). The recognition of the was required for physical development, energy supply, and keeping the normal weight in order (p<0.05). In conclusion, the group of people who have family meal had better eating habits and table manners than the group of people who have a meal alone and the group of people who have no meal. It is necessary to recognize the importance of the family meal by the family members and also, the time for the conversation between the family members to be close together is required. To decrease the rate of the children who have unbalanced diet, the increasing rate of family meal group and the effort of the parents are necessary. Also, following the effect from the double income family and the nuclear family, the teacher in charge and the dietitians have to provide nutrition education to help them to have the proper and exact information so that they can have should provide.
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#가족식사 혼자식사 결식 식사유형 공식자 식사준비자 식사예절 식생활교육
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