The purpose of this study is to understand the experience of the single-parent widowed men being alone deeply and contextually with their own statement. Thus, by finding out the nature of their experience, this study chose phenomenological method of qualitative research to explore practical measures...
The purpose of this study is to understand the experience of the single-parent widowed men being alone deeply and contextually with their own statement. Thus, by finding out the nature of their experience, this study chose phenomenological method of qualitative research to explore practical measures to support growth and adaptability to life of single-parent widowed men. This study used the vivid stories obtained from five participants as research material and these interviews were done for two or three times after research agreement. Using the Giorgi's phenomenological method, this study had undergone a process of analysis and interpretation. As a result, 554 meaning unit were derived and summarized into 181 meaning units, and back again tied to 29 sub-components and finally divided into 9 categories. The results of research can be summarized as follows. First, single-parent widowed men showed a variety of psychological difficulties in the early bereavement process, which increase guilt and later become atrophy or excessive self-control. Their anxiety about future differs on the degree of interest or interventions on child-rearing, housework or dependence on his wife. With typical family structure in Korea, men have higher dependence on his wife and are more vulnerable to later life as a widowed single-parent. Second, the difficulties of single-parent widowed men are complex ones that are overlapped child-rearing and householding problems with social relations and economic issues. These can be a major cause of deviant child or family breakdown. Also, their anxieties are about not fulfilling the responsibility as a single-parent and feeling guilty for increased economic burden, which may be a larger factor that weakens the adaptability of life. Third, due to 'unwilling to do' social relations, participants weighted confusion compared to the time before bereavement. These findings show that public support of our society takes place in the exhibition administrative level rather than deep consideration. Private relationship to support them are being held in sympathetic dimension that rather hurt them. Therefore the support for single-parent widowed men by considering individual's position should be a scaffolding for them to demonstrate their potentials. Fourth, since the anger and frustration on the death of spouse not be adequately expressed or not having enough time for mourning after bereavement, singls-parent widowed men can blame their the family or surroundings. So they need certain psychotherapy support to express anger or aggression to provide them with mental freedom. Fifth, in order to solve the difficulties of life alone, single-parent widowed men seek for active life and practice 'love and responsibility for the family', 'acceptance and understanding of life on their own and others', 'self-management and moderation', 'positive attitude on future'. Sixth, life alone for single-parent widowed men are the processes of adaptation and also are the growth which lead to life introspection. Results of growth are 'acceptance attitude', 'positive affect', 'patience for the challenge,' 'mind set to appreciate', 'life reflection', 'focusing on the inner surface and be faithful', 'respecting opinions of children', 'abandon greedy personalized eye level and match the reality', 'having value on the spiritual world rather than the substance', 'valuing current self-serve' etc. Seventh, the growth of single-parent widowed men show positive changes in 'self', 'relationships', 'spirit', but are concentrated in the 'change of spiritual awareness about life', a part in 'perspective changes in self and the world' and 'changes in interpersonal relationships' appeared only in the preciousness of the child and family. Which means interpersonal relationships of single-parent widowed men are psychologically shrunk since they resolve the difficulties in personal commitment. It suggests a need for social recognition conversion and development of support measures that account for environmental and psychological characteristics based on in-depth research on single-parent widowed men. Finally, this study suggested psychological intervention measures like mindfulness meditation, art therapy, emotion-focused therapy, psychodrama, literature treatment which would help single-parent widowed men reduce the problem of excessive sense of responsibility, isolated tendency and self-control and support the growth and adaptation.
The purpose of this study is to understand the experience of the single-parent widowed men being alone deeply and contextually with their own statement. Thus, by finding out the nature of their experience, this study chose phenomenological method of qualitative research to explore practical measures to support growth and adaptability to life of single-parent widowed men. This study used the vivid stories obtained from five participants as research material and these interviews were done for two or three times after research agreement. Using the Giorgi's phenomenological method, this study had undergone a process of analysis and interpretation. As a result, 554 meaning unit were derived and summarized into 181 meaning units, and back again tied to 29 sub-components and finally divided into 9 categories. The results of research can be summarized as follows. First, single-parent widowed men showed a variety of psychological difficulties in the early bereavement process, which increase guilt and later become atrophy or excessive self-control. Their anxiety about future differs on the degree of interest or interventions on child-rearing, housework or dependence on his wife. With typical family structure in Korea, men have higher dependence on his wife and are more vulnerable to later life as a widowed single-parent. Second, the difficulties of single-parent widowed men are complex ones that are overlapped child-rearing and householding problems with social relations and economic issues. These can be a major cause of deviant child or family breakdown. Also, their anxieties are about not fulfilling the responsibility as a single-parent and feeling guilty for increased economic burden, which may be a larger factor that weakens the adaptability of life. Third, due to 'unwilling to do' social relations, participants weighted confusion compared to the time before bereavement. These findings show that public support of our society takes place in the exhibition administrative level rather than deep consideration. Private relationship to support them are being held in sympathetic dimension that rather hurt them. Therefore the support for single-parent widowed men by considering individual's position should be a scaffolding for them to demonstrate their potentials. Fourth, since the anger and frustration on the death of spouse not be adequately expressed or not having enough time for mourning after bereavement, singls-parent widowed men can blame their the family or surroundings. So they need certain psychotherapy support to express anger or aggression to provide them with mental freedom. Fifth, in order to solve the difficulties of life alone, single-parent widowed men seek for active life and practice 'love and responsibility for the family', 'acceptance and understanding of life on their own and others', 'self-management and moderation', 'positive attitude on future'. Sixth, life alone for single-parent widowed men are the processes of adaptation and also are the growth which lead to life introspection. Results of growth are 'acceptance attitude', 'positive affect', 'patience for the challenge,' 'mind set to appreciate', 'life reflection', 'focusing on the inner surface and be faithful', 'respecting opinions of children', 'abandon greedy personalized eye level and match the reality', 'having value on the spiritual world rather than the substance', 'valuing current self-serve' etc. Seventh, the growth of single-parent widowed men show positive changes in 'self', 'relationships', 'spirit', but are concentrated in the 'change of spiritual awareness about life', a part in 'perspective changes in self and the world' and 'changes in interpersonal relationships' appeared only in the preciousness of the child and family. Which means interpersonal relationships of single-parent widowed men are psychologically shrunk since they resolve the difficulties in personal commitment. It suggests a need for social recognition conversion and development of support measures that account for environmental and psychological characteristics based on in-depth research on single-parent widowed men. Finally, this study suggested psychological intervention measures like mindfulness meditation, art therapy, emotion-focused therapy, psychodrama, literature treatment which would help single-parent widowed men reduce the problem of excessive sense of responsibility, isolated tendency and self-control and support the growth and adaptation.
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#single-parent widowed men being alone phenomenological study
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