A reunification of a country implies that the two sides have reached a political agreement and could be ultimately achieved by the integration of different sectors. In the previous unification cases, it is noted that the integration of military sector contributed to the success of unification with g...
A reunification of a country implies that the two sides have reached a political agreement and could be ultimately achieved by the integration of different sectors. In the previous unification cases, it is noted that the integration of military sector contributed to the success of unification with great impact. Despite the significance, only few studies were conducted to examine the approaches to military integration compared to other sectors of integration due to the lack of cases of peaceful unification and the exclusiveness of military areas. Rather than a mere physical incorporation of troops of two countries, the military integration must be understood as a concept of incorporation including the reorganization into a unified system and the creation of internal unity. Military integration can be classified depending on the type: Germany's consensual absorption integration, Vietnam's forced absorption integration and Yemen's equal-status merger integration. And by process, there are two: incremental and gradual military integration, and radical integration. In this paper, the purpose of study is to investigate what could be the preparation and alternatives for the military integration of the Korean Peninsula in order to achieve a successful military integration. This paper will conduct this study through the analysis of other military integration cases: Germany, Vietnam and Yemen. Germany achieved the consensus absorption integration by peaceful means based on the Post-Cold War international political circumstances and superior national power of West Germany. Especially, it could foster a stable environment for the unification with efforts on military integration as well as political, economic and social integrations. In the case of Vietnam, by contrast, the unilateral absorption by force allowed Vietnam to integrate into a unified system in a relatively short period of time, yet the lack of preparation for the integration and the failure of creation of internal unity have brought a number of negative results. In the case of Yemen, it attempted an equal-status merger integration, but due to mutual distrust caused by the long-time division between North and South Yemens, the command structure and organization became disunited, and finally Yemen repeated an integration process through the civil war. There may be a list of considerations for the successful military integration between two Koreas, yet as can be seen in the German case, the consent and understanding of neighbors are first necessary. Therefore, diplomatic endeavors to highlight the benefits of the Korean unification are required in order to create common sense on the unification as the historical imperative. As to the size of military after the unification, defense policy and military strategy shall be developed based on the in-depth analysis on the strategic environment and security threats of the post-military integration in order to design and construct the future military force structure and weapons systems. In addition, the steady growth of national power which enables the military integration led by South Korea in any unification scenarios, a master plan to minimize the military imbalance with North Korea, and a consensus on arms control agendas are required. Furthermore, a military structure considering the future strategic environment of Northeast Asia needs to be designed. And, specific steps in the military integration including a unified chain of command, salary system and treatment shall be articulated for the stability of transitional time. In terms of weapons and military equipment integration, it needs to focus on arms control for the management, sales and disposal of surplus military weapons with the goal of building a force structure corresponding to the strategy concept of the unified Korea. In particular, there shall be parallel efforts to minimize the cost of disposal of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) through cooperation with the international community on the issue of WMD. Forces relocation and integration of facilities shall be promoted in the basis of the strategic values, economic aspects and environmental impact. Most of all, after the 70 years of division, efforts and invest to recover the homogeneity and to unify the systems are necessary in order to ease internal conflict and establish the chain of command to be able to exert the whole combat power. Now is the time that we need to prepare for the leap into more practical and concrete steps in the military integration. South Korea needs to create conditions and prepare the unification through expanding the permanent organization for preparing the military integration and funding professional researches on implementing tasks, so that it will support the stable construction of unified Korea and move forward to the era of survival and prosperity.
A reunification of a country implies that the two sides have reached a political agreement and could be ultimately achieved by the integration of different sectors. In the previous unification cases, it is noted that the integration of military sector contributed to the success of unification with great impact. Despite the significance, only few studies were conducted to examine the approaches to military integration compared to other sectors of integration due to the lack of cases of peaceful unification and the exclusiveness of military areas. Rather than a mere physical incorporation of troops of two countries, the military integration must be understood as a concept of incorporation including the reorganization into a unified system and the creation of internal unity. Military integration can be classified depending on the type: Germany's consensual absorption integration, Vietnam's forced absorption integration and Yemen's equal-status merger integration. And by process, there are two: incremental and gradual military integration, and radical integration. In this paper, the purpose of study is to investigate what could be the preparation and alternatives for the military integration of the Korean Peninsula in order to achieve a successful military integration. This paper will conduct this study through the analysis of other military integration cases: Germany, Vietnam and Yemen. Germany achieved the consensus absorption integration by peaceful means based on the Post-Cold War international political circumstances and superior national power of West Germany. Especially, it could foster a stable environment for the unification with efforts on military integration as well as political, economic and social integrations. In the case of Vietnam, by contrast, the unilateral absorption by force allowed Vietnam to integrate into a unified system in a relatively short period of time, yet the lack of preparation for the integration and the failure of creation of internal unity have brought a number of negative results. In the case of Yemen, it attempted an equal-status merger integration, but due to mutual distrust caused by the long-time division between North and South Yemens, the command structure and organization became disunited, and finally Yemen repeated an integration process through the civil war. There may be a list of considerations for the successful military integration between two Koreas, yet as can be seen in the German case, the consent and understanding of neighbors are first necessary. Therefore, diplomatic endeavors to highlight the benefits of the Korean unification are required in order to create common sense on the unification as the historical imperative. As to the size of military after the unification, defense policy and military strategy shall be developed based on the in-depth analysis on the strategic environment and security threats of the post-military integration in order to design and construct the future military force structure and weapons systems. In addition, the steady growth of national power which enables the military integration led by South Korea in any unification scenarios, a master plan to minimize the military imbalance with North Korea, and a consensus on arms control agendas are required. Furthermore, a military structure considering the future strategic environment of Northeast Asia needs to be designed. And, specific steps in the military integration including a unified chain of command, salary system and treatment shall be articulated for the stability of transitional time. In terms of weapons and military equipment integration, it needs to focus on arms control for the management, sales and disposal of surplus military weapons with the goal of building a force structure corresponding to the strategy concept of the unified Korea. In particular, there shall be parallel efforts to minimize the cost of disposal of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) through cooperation with the international community on the issue of WMD. Forces relocation and integration of facilities shall be promoted in the basis of the strategic values, economic aspects and environmental impact. Most of all, after the 70 years of division, efforts and invest to recover the homogeneity and to unify the systems are necessary in order to ease internal conflict and establish the chain of command to be able to exert the whole combat power. Now is the time that we need to prepare for the leap into more practical and concrete steps in the military integration. South Korea needs to create conditions and prepare the unification through expanding the permanent organization for preparing the military integration and funding professional researches on implementing tasks, so that it will support the stable construction of unified Korea and move forward to the era of survival and prosperity.
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